MAX4555CSE ,Force-Sense SwitchesFeaturesThe MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556 are CMOS analog ICs' 6Ω Force Signal Paths (±15V Supplies)confi ..
MAX4556ESE+ ,Force-Sense SwitchesApplicationsOrdering Information continued at end of data sheet.Automated Test Equipment (ATE)*Cont ..
MAX4558CEE ,15kV ESD-Protected / Low-Voltage / CMOS Analog Multiplexers/SwitchesFeaturesThe MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 are low-voltage,' ESD-Protected X, Y, Z and X_, Y_, Z_ PinsCMOS ..
MAX4558CEE+T ,±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers SwitchesELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual ±5V Supplies(V = +4.5V to +5.5V, V = -4.5V to -5.5V, V = +2.4V, V = ..
MAX4558CPE ,15kV ESD-Protected / Low-Voltage / CMOS Analog Multiplexers/SwitchesApplications' Low Crosstalk: < -93dB (50Ω)Battery-Operated Equipment' High Off-Isolation: < -96dB ( ..
MAX4558CSE ,15kV ESD-Protected / Low-Voltage / CMOS Analog Multiplexers/SwitchesELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual ±5V Supplies(V = +4.5V to +5.5V, V = -4.5V to -5.5V, V = +2.4V, V = ..
MAX8648ETE+ ,Ultra-Efficient Charge Pumps for Six White/RGB LEDs in 3mm x 3mm Thin QFNfeatures a three-wire serial-pulse logic inter- ♦ 16-Pin, 3mm x 3mm Thin QFN Packageface. Both devi ..
MAX8648ETE+T ,Ultra-Efficient Charge Pumps for Six White/RGB LEDs in 3mm x 3mm Thin QFNApplicationstemperature range.+Denotes a lead-free package.White LED Backlighting, Single or Dual D ..
MAX8648ETE+T ,Ultra-Efficient Charge Pumps for Six White/RGB LEDs in 3mm x 3mm Thin QFNELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = V = 3.6V, V = 0V, T = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typica ..
MAX864EEE ,Dual-Output Charge Pump with ShutdownApplicationsMAX864C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice*Low-Voltage GaAsFET Bias in Wireless HandsetsMAX864EEE -40° ..
MAX864EEE ,Dual-Output Charge Pump with ShutdownFeaturesThe MAX864 CMOS, charge-pump, DC-DC voltage' Requires Only Four Capacitorsconverter produce ..
MAX864EEE+ ,Dual-Output Charge Pump with ShutdownApplicationsMAX864C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice*Low-Voltage GaAsFET Bias in Wireless HandsetsMAX864EEE -40° ..
MAX4554ESE-MAX4555C/D-MAX4555CSE
Force-Sense Switches
General DescriptionThe MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556 are CMOS analog ICs
configured as force-sense switches for Kelvin sensing in
automated test equipment (ATE). Each part contains
high-current, low-resistance switches for forcing current,
and higher resistance switches for sensing a voltage or
switching guard signals. The MAX4554 contains two
force switches, two sense switches, and two guard
switches configured as two triple-pole/single-throw
(3PST) normally open (NO) switches. The MAX4555 con-
tains four independent single-pole/single-throw (SPST)
normally closed (NC) switches, two force switches, and
two sense switches. The MAX4556 contains three inde-
pendent single-pole/double-throw (SPDT) switches, of
which one is a force switch and two are sense switches.
These devices operate from a single supply of +9V to
+40V or dual supplies of ±4.5V to ±20V. On-resistance
(6Ωmax) is matched between switches to 1Ωmax.
Each switch can handle Rail-to-Rail®analog signals.
The off-leakage current is only 0.25nA at +25°C and
2.5nA at +85°C. The MAX4554 is also fully specified for
+20V and -10V operation.
All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresh-
olds, ensuring both TTL- and CMOS-logic compatibility.
ApplicationsAutomated Test Equipment (ATE)
Calibrators
Precision Power Supplies
Automatic Calibration Circuits
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)
with Loopback
Features6ΩForce Signal Paths (±15V Supplies)Force Signal Matching (±15V Supplies)60ΩSense-Guard Signal Paths (±15V Supplies)Sense-Guard Signal Matching (±15V Supplies)Rail-to-Rail Signal HandlingBreak-Before-Make Switching (MAX4556)tONand tOFF= 275ns (±15V Supplies)Low 1µA Power Consumption>2kV ESD Protection per Method 3015.7TTL/CMOS-Compatible Inputs
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches19-1358; Rev 0; 4/98
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables
Ordering InformationRail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola Ltd.
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4554 (+20V, -10V Supplies)(V+ = +20V, V- = -10V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Note 1:Signals on analog or digital pins exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward diode current to maxi-
mum current rating.
(Voltages referenced to GND)...........................................................................-0.3V to +44V
V-............................................................................-25V to +0.3V
V+ to V-...................................................................-0.3V to +44V
All Other Pins (Note 1)..........................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V)
Continuous Current into Force Terminals.......................±100mA
Continuous Current into Any Other Terminal....................±30mA
Peak Current into Force Terminals
(pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle).................................±300mA
Peak Current into Any Other Terminal
(pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle).................................±100mA
ESD per Method 3015.7..................................................>2000V
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)...........842mW
Narrow SO (derate 8.7mW/°C above +70°C)...............696mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX455_C_ E......................................................0°C to +70°C
MAX455_E_ E...................................................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°C
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4554 (+20V, -10V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +20V, V- = -10V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4554 (+20V, -10V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +20V, V- = -10V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4554 (±15V Supplies)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4554 (±15V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4554 (±15V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4555 (±15V Supplies)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4555 (±15V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4555 (±15V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4556 (±15V Supplies)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4556 (±15V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX4556 (±15V Supplies) (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, VL = 5V, GND = 0V, VIN_H= 2.4V, VIN_L= 0.8V, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at TA= +25°C.)
Note 2:The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column.
Note 3:Guaranteed by design.
Note 4:ΔRON= ΔRON(MAX)- ΔRON(MIN).
Note 5:Resistance flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and the minimum value of on-resistance as
measured over the specified analog signal range.
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
____________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
Pin DescriptionIndicates high-current, low-resistance (force) switch terminal.
Note:NO_, NC_, and COM_ pins are identical and interchangeable. Any may be considered as an input or output; signals pass
equally well in either direction.
MAX4554/MAX4555/MAX4556
Force-Sense Switches
______________Force-Sense PhilosophyWhen a precise voltage must be applied to a load that
draws appreciable current, the resistance of the con-
ductors connecting the source and the load can
degrade the load voltage. The resistance of the con-
ductors forms a voltage divider with the load, so that
the load voltage is lower than the source voltage. The
greater the distance between the source and the load,
and the greater the current or conductor resistance, the
greater the degradation. The resulting signal reduction
can be overcome and the signal at the load guaranteed
by using a 4-wire technique known as Kelvin sensing,
or force-sense.
The basic idea behind the force-sense philosophy is to
use four wires, forcing a voltage or current through two
high-current wires to the load, and measuring (sensing)
the voltage with two separate wires that carry very low
or negligible current. One of two basic configurations is
used, depending on whether or not feedback is em-
ployed:The sensed voltage can be completely independent
of the forced voltage or current, as in the case of a
4-wire ohmmeter, where a constant current is forced
through one pair of wires and the voltage at the
resistor is measured by another pair.The sensed voltage can be part of a feedback cir-
cuit to force the load voltage to the desired value,
as in the case of a 4-wire power supply. (In rare
cases, this method is also used to measure resis-
tance; the source is forced to produce a desired
voltage in the resistor, and the source current
required to achieve this voltage is measured.)
In all cases, the resistance of the high-current conduc-
tors can be ignored and the sensed voltage is an accu-
rate measure of the load (or resistor’s) voltage, despite
appreciable voltage loss in the wires connecting the
source and load.
There are two limitations to this scheme. First, the maxi-
mum source voltage (compliance) must be able to
overcome the combined voltage loss of the load and
the connecting wires. In other words, the conductors in
the force circuit can have significant resistance, but
there is a limit. Second, the impedance of the sensing
circuit (typically a voltmeter, A/D converter, or feedback
amplifier) must be very high compared to the load
resistance and the sense wire resistance. These limita-
tions are usually simple to overcome. The source com-
pliance is usually required to be only a volt more than
the load voltage, and the sense circuit usually has a
multimegohm impedance. Typical 4-wire force-sense
configurations are shown in Figure 1.
