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MAX3801UTG+ |MAX3801UTGMAXIMN/a600avai3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
MAX3801UTG+TMAXIMN/a34avai3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer


MAX3801UTG+ ,3.2Gbps Adaptive EqualizerELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = +3.14V to +3.46V, T = 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V = +3.3V ..
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MAX3801UTG+-MAX3801UTG+T
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
General Description
The MAX3801 is a +3.3V adaptive cable equalizer
designed for coaxial and twin-axial cable point-to-point
communications applications. The equalizer includes
differential CML data inputs and outputs, a loss-of-sig-
nal (LOS) output, and a cable integrity monitor (CIM)
output.
The adaptive cable equalizer is capable of equalizing
differential or single-ended signals at data rates up to
3.2Gbps. It automatically adjusts to attenuation caused
by skin-effect losses of up to 30dB at 1.6GHz. The
equalizer effectively extends the usable length of cop-
per cable in high-frequency interconnect applications.
The MAX3801 is available in a 24-pin QFN package
with exposed pad and consumes only 125mW at
+3.3V.
Applications

High-Speed Links in Communications
and Data Systems
Backplane and Interconnect Applications
SDH/SONET Transmission Equipment
Features
Single +3.3V OperationTypical Power Dissipation = 125mW at +3.3VData Rates Up to 3.2GbpsEqualizer Automatically Adjusts for Different
Cable Lengths
0dB to 30dB Equalization at 1.6GHz (3.2Gbps)Loss-of-Signal (LOS) IndicatorCable Integrity Monitor (CIM)On-Chip Input and Output TerminationsLow External Component CountOperating Temperature Range = 0°°C to +85°°CESD Protection on Inputs and Outputs
MAX3801
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
Ordering Information

EINEOUT
MAX3801
EIN
THIS SYMBOL INDICATES A CONTROLLED-IMPEDANCE TRANSMISSION LINE.
EOUT
CIM
MAX3801
CARD 2
CARD 1
+3.3V
+3.3V
LOS
CIMLOS
Typical Application Circuit

19-1999; Rev 4; 7/04
PARTTEMP
RANGE
PIN-
PACKAGE
PACKAGE
CODE

MAX3801UGG0°C to +85°C24 QFNG2444-1
MAX3801UTG0°C to +85°C24 Thin QFNT2444-2
MAX3801UTG+0°C to +85°C24 Thin QFNT2444-2
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.

+Denotes lead-free package.
MAX3801
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +3.14V to +3.46V, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Supply Voltage, VCC..............................................-0.5V to +6.0V
Voltage at LOS,CIM+, CIM-.......................-0.5V to (VCC+ 0.5V)
Voltage at EIN+, EIN-.........................(VCC- 1V) to (VCC+ 0.5V)
Current Out of EOUT+, EOUT-............................................25mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +85°C)
24-Lead QFN-EP (derate 25.1mW/°C above +85°C).1630mW
Operating Ambient Temperature Range................0°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-55°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Supply CurrentICCIncludes external load current3760mA
INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
i ni m um C ab l e Inp ut ( D i ffer enti al ) 3.2Gbps, 30dB cable loss at 1.6GHz (Note 1)650700MVP-Paxi m um C ab l e Inp ut ( D i ffer enti al ) 1100mVP-P
Input ImpedanceSingle-ended405362.5Ω
OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS

Output Voltage (Differential)(Note 2)5001000mVP-P
Output ImpedanceSingle-ended506575Ωol tag e at C IM Outp ut ( D i ffer enti al ) VCIMNo external load, VCIM = (VCIM+) - (VCIM-)-0.5+0.5VP-P
Voltage at CIM Output
(Single-Ended)
VCIM+,
VCIM-No external load0.5VCC
- 0.5V
Output high (Note 3)2.4Voltage at LOSOutput low (Note 3)0.4V
Outp ut C om m on- M od e V ol tag eEach output DC-coupled 50Ω to VCCVCC - 0.2V
MAX3801
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
Note 1:
Minimum cable input for LOSto assert high.
Note 2:
Input voltage within specification limits, 50Ωto VCCat each output.
Note 3:
100kΩload to ground.
Note 4:
AC electrical characteristics are guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 5:
Includes random jitter and deterministic jitter.
Note 6:
Differential cable input voltage = 700mVP-P, 3.2Gbps 213 - 1PRBS with 100 consecutive ones and 100 consecutive zeros
substituted. Cable loss is due to skin effect only.
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +3.14V to +3.46V, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 4)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Maximum Input Data Rate3.2Gbps
0dB cable loss (Note 6)120240
24dB cable loss (Note 6)140240Residual Jitter (Note 5)
30dB cable loss (Note 6)100200
mUIP-P
Output Edge Speed20% to 80%6490ps
Input Return Loss (Single-Ended)≤3.2GHz15dB
Outp ut Retur n Loss ( S i ng l e- E nd ed ) ≤3.2GHz15dB
Equalization Compensation1.6GHz (skin-effect losses only)30dB
Equalization Time Constant5µs
MAX3801
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3801 toc01
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER
vs. POWER-SUPPLY NOISE
(100mVP-P SINE WAVE)
(85FT OF GORE 89 CABLE)
MAX3801 toc02
NOISE FREQUENCY (MHz)
JITTER (ps
P-P
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs. INPUT
AMPLITUDE AT 3.2GHz (RG59 – 75Ω
COAXIAL CABLE – SINGLE-ENDED)
MAX3801 toc03
INPUT AMPLITUDE (mVp-p)
JITTER (ps
P-P
100FT
288FT
188FT
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER
vs. CABLE LENGTH (RG59 – 75Ω COAXIAL
CABLE – SINGLE-ENDED)
INPUT LEVEL OF 500mVP-P
MAX3801 toc04
CABLE LENGTH (ft)
JITTER (ps
P-P
3.2Gbps
2.5Gbps
1.2Gbps
622Mbps
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER
vs. CABLE LENGTH (RG179B – 75Ω
COAXIAL CABLE – SINGLE-ENDED)
INPUT LEVEL OF 700mVP-P
MAX3801 toc05
CABLE LENGTH (ft)
JITTER (ps
P-P3.2Gbps
2.5Gbps1.2Gbps
622Mbps
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER
vs. CABLE LENGTH
(CATEGORY 5E – TWISTED PAIR)
INPUT LEVEL OF 700mVP-P
MAX3801 toc06
CABLE LENGTH (ft)
JITTER(ps
P-P3.2Gbps
2.5Gbps
1.2Gbps
622Mbps
Typical Operating Characteristics

(VCC= +3.3V, all jitter measurements done at 3.2Gbps, 700mV cable input with 213 - 1 PRBS pattern with 100 consecutive ones and
100 consecutive zeros substituted, TA = +25°C. Note:Test pattern produces near worst-case jitter results. Results vary with pattern,
unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3801
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 100FT OF 75Ω RG179 CABLE
(2.5Gbps, SINGLE-ENDED, 27 - 1PRBS)

MAX3801 toc10
68ps/div200ps/div
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 70FT OF CATEGORY 5E CABLE
(INPUT OF 1000mVP-P, 1.25Gbps)

MAX3801 toc11
50ps/div
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 115FT OF 50Ω GORE 89 CABLE
(INPUT OF 1000mVP-P, 3.2Gbps)

MAX3801 toc12
EQUALIZER INPUT RETURN LOSS (S11)

MAX3801 toc14
GAIN (dB)0.40.81.21.62.02.42.83.23.64.0
EQUALIZER OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (S22)

MAX3801 toc15
GAIN (dB)0.40.81.21.62.02.42.83.23.64.0
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 288 FT OF RG59 CABLE
(INPUT OF 1000mVP-P, 3.2Gbps, 223 - 1PRBS)

MAX3801 toc09
110505545606570758085 (in)
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs. LINE LENGTH
(FR-4 6MIL STRIPLINE – SINGLE-ENDED)

MAX3801 toc07
LINE LENGTH
JITTER (ps
p-p
3.2Gbps
622Mbps
2.5Gbps
1.021.271.401.141.521.651.771.902.032.16 (m)
EQUALIZER INPUT AFTER
115FT OF CABLE (TOP)
EQUALIZER OUTPUT (BOTTOM)

MAX3801 toc08ypical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC= +3.3V, all jitter measurements done at 3.2Gbps, 700mV cable input with 213 - 1 PRBS pattern with 100 consecutive ones and
100 consecutive zeros substituted, TA = +25°C. Note:Test pattern produces near worst-case jitter results. Results vary with pattern,
unless otherwise noted.)
Detailed Description
The adaptive cable equalizer accepts differential CML
input data at rates up to 3.2Gbps and is capable of
equalizing differential or single-ended signals. It auto-
matically adjusts to attenuation levels of up to 30dB at
1.6GHz (because of skin-effect losses in copper cable).
The equalizer consists of a CML input buffer, a loss-of-
signal detector, a flat response amplifier, a skin-effect
compensation amplifier, a current-steering network, a
dual power-detector feedback loop, an output limiting
amplifier, and a CML output buffer (Figure 1).
General Theory of Operation

The shape of the power spectrum of a random bit
stream can be described by the square of the sinc
function, where sinc f = (sin πf) / πf. For sufficiently long
bit patterns (nonrandom bit streams), sinc2(f) is a good
approximation. From the shape of the sinc2(f) function,
we can estimate the ratio of the power densities at any
two frequencies. The MAX3801 adaptive equalizer
employs this principle by incorporating a feedback loop
that continuously monitors the power at two frequencies
and dynamically adjusts the equalizer to maintain the
correct power ratio.
CML Input and Output Buffers

The input and output buffers are implemented using
current-mode logic (CML). Equivalent circuits are
shown in Figures 2 and 3. For details on interfacing with
CML, refer to Maxim application note HFAN-1.0,
Introduction to LVDS, PECL, and CML.
Flat Response and Skin-Effect
Compensation Amplifiers

The buffered input waveform is fed equally to two
amplifiers—the flat response amplifier and the skin-
effect compensation amplifier. The flat response ampli-
fier has a constant gain over the entire frequency range
of the device, and the skin-effect compensation amplifi-
er has a gain characteristic that approximates the
inverse of the skin-effect attenuation inherent in copper
cable. The skin-effect attenuation, in dB per unit length,
is proportional to the square root of the frequency. The
output currents from the two amplifiers are supplied to
the current-steering network. Note that, when LOS
asserts low, equalization is minimized.
Current-Steering Network

The function of the current-steering network is to com-
bine adjustable quantities of the output currents from
the flat response and skin-effect compensation ampli-
MAX3801
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer
PINNAMEFUNCTION

1, 3, 7, 12, 16, 18,
19, 24GNDGround
2, 4, 8, 11, 17, 20,VCCPower SupplyCIM-Negative Cable Integrity Monitor (CIM) OutputCIM+Positive Cable Integrity Monitor (CIM) OutputEOUT-Negative Equalizer Output, CMLEOUT+Postive Equalizer Output, CML
13, 14N.C.No connection. Leave unconnected.LOSEqualizer Loss-of-Signal Output, Active-LowEIN+Postive Equalizer Input, CMLEIN-Negative Equalizer Input, CMLExposed PadGround. The exposed pad must be soldered to the circuit board ground for proper
thermal and electrical operation.
Pin Description
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