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MAX2754EUAMAXN/a164avai1.2GHz VCO with Linear Modulation Input
MAX2754EUAMAXIM ?N/a9avai1.2GHz VCO with Linear Modulation Input


MAX2754EUA ,1.2GHz VCO with Linear Modulation InputApplicationsHomeRF WLANVCCBluetoothVVREG CCREG AND BIAS2.4GHz Cordless Phones330nF330nF2.4GHz Wirel ..
MAX2754EUA ,1.2GHz VCO with Linear Modulation InputELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(MAX2754 EV kit. V = +2.7V to +5.5V, V = +0.4V to +2.4V, V ≥ +2.0V, V = + ..
MAX275ACPP+ ,4th- and 8th-Order, Continuous-Time Active FiltersAth. and 8th-Order Continuous-Time Active Filters ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS V+ to V- ....r.tt ..
MAX275AEPP ,4th-order continuous-time active filterELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) -1.1. MAX274 (V+ I':::,?: 5V, V- 'CCC' -5V, test circuit ..
MAX275AEWP ,4th-order continuous-time active filterGeneral Description The MAX274 and MAX275 are continuous-time active filters consisting of inde ..
MAX275AEWP+ ,4th- and 8th-Order, Continuous-Time Active FiltersAth. and 8th-Order Continuous-Time Active Filters ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS V+ to V- ....r.tt ..
MAX604EPA ,3.3V or adjustable, low-dropout, low quiescent currrent, 500mA linear regulator.Features' 500mA Output Current, with Foldback CurrentThe MAX603/MAX604 low-dropout, low quiescent c ..
MAX604ESA ,5V/3.3V or Adjustable, Low-Dropout, Low IQ, 500mA Linear RegulatorsMAX603/MAX60419-0269; Rev 0; 9/945V/3.3V or Adjustable, Low-Dropout, Low I , 500mA Linear Regulator ..
MAX604ESA ,5V/3.3V or Adjustable, Low-Dropout, Low IQ, 500mA Linear RegulatorsELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = 6V (MAX603) or 4.3V (MAX604), C = C = 10µF, OFF = V , SET = GND, T = ..
MAX604ESA+ ,5V/3.3V or Adjustable, Low-Dropout, Low-IQ, 500mA Linear RegulatorsELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = 6V (MAX603) or 4.3V (MAX604), C = C = 10µF, OFF = V , SET = GND, T = ..
MAX604ESA+T ,5V/3.3V or Adjustable, Low-Dropout, Low-IQ, 500mA Linear RegulatorsFeatures' 500mA Output Current, with Foldback CurrentThe MAX603/MAX604 low-dropout, low quiescent c ..
MAX6063AEUR+T ,Precision, Micropower, Low-Dropout, High-Output-Current, SOT23 Voltage ReferencesFeaturesThe MAX6061–MAX6068 are precision, low-dropout,♦ Ultra-Small 3-Pin SOT23 Packagemicropower ..


MAX2754EUA
1.2GHz VCO with Linear Modulation Input
General Description
The MAX2754 self-contained, linear modulation, volt-
age-controlled oscillator (VCO) is intended for use in
the 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz ISM band, particularly for FSK
modulation systems that utilize a direct frequency-mod-
ulation transmit architecture. This device features a lin-
ear modulation input in addition to the standard
frequency tuning input. The frequency tuning range of
1145MHz to 1250MHz (1/2 LO) also supports an IF up
to 110MHz with low side LO. The VCO is based on
Maxim’s proprietary monolithic VCO technology, where
all VCO components are integrated on-chip, including
the varactor and inductor.
The MAX2754 linear modulation input offers a means to
directly FM modulate the VCO with a constant modula-
tion sensitivity over the tuning voltage input range.
Typical frequency deviation is -500kHz/V which is linear
to ±4% over the guaranteed frequency limits. The tun-
ing input voltage range is +0.4V to +2.4V and the oscil-
lator frequency is factory adjusted to provide
guaranteed limits. The oscillator signal is buffered by
an output amplifier stage (internally matched to 50Ω) to
provide higher output power and isolate the oscillator
from load impedance variations.
The MAX2754 operates over a +2.7V to +5.5V supply
range. This device also provides a digitally controlled
shutdown mode to permit implementation of sophisti-
cated power-supply management. In shutdown, the
supply current is reduced to 0.2µA. Even when active,
power consumption is a modest 41mW.
The MAX2754 is packaged in the miniature 8-pin µMAX
to offer the world’s smallest, complete 2.4GHz direct-
modulation VCO solution.
Applications

HomeRF WLAN
Bluetooth
2.4GHz Cordless Phones
2.4GHz Wireless Data Radios
Features
Fully Monolithic VCO Construction with On-Chip
Inductor and Varactor Tuning Elements
Guaranteed 1145MHz to 1250MHz Tuning Range
to Support 1/2 LO Applications
Modulation Linearity Within ±4%Precise Modulation Gain (-500kHz/V)Low Phase Noise (-137dBc/Hz at 4MHz offset)+2.7V to +5.5V Single-Supply OperationLow-Current Shutdown ModeMiniature 8-Pin µMAX Package
MAX2754
1.2GHz VCO with Linear
Modulation Input
Pin Configuration
Ordering Information
Typical Operating Circuit

19-2102; Rev 1; 8/03
MAX2754
1.2GHz VCO with Linear
Modulation Input
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE= +0.4V to +2.4V, VSHDN≥+2.0V, VMOD= +1.4V, OUT is connected to a 50Ωload, TA= -40°C to
+85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCCto GND...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
VREG to GND........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
TUNE, SHDN, MOD to GND.......................-0.3V to (VCC+ 0.3V)
OUT to GND..........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
8-Pin µMAX (derate 5.7mW/°C above TA= +70°C) ....457mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(MAX2754 EV kit. VCC= +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE= +0.4V to +2.4V, VSHDN≥+2.0V, VMOD= +1.4V, OUT is connected to a 50Ωload,= +25°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
MAX2754
1.2GHz VCO with Linear
Modulation Input
Note 1:
Specifications are production tested at TA= +25°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 2:
Limits are guaranteed by production test at +25°C.
Note 3:
Center point is nominally +1.4V.
Note 4:
Maximum variation in the modulation sensitivity from its average value over the guaranteed frequency limits.
Note 5:
Bandwidth is defined as the point where the response to the modulation port is 0.707 times the low-frequency response.
Bandwidth limits on the modulation input for a 1Vp-p sine wave. Common-mode VMOD= +1.4V.
Note 6:
Refer to Output Buffersection for suggestions to improve the return loss to 12dB.
Note 7:
Turn-on time to within 3dB of final output power.
Note 8:
Turn-off time to output power of -10dBm.
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(MAX2754 EV kit. VCC= +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE= +0.4V to +2.4V, VSHDN≥+2.0V, VMOD= +1.4V, OUT is connected to a 50Ωload,= +25°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
MAX2754
1.2GHz VCO with Linear
Modulation Input

VCO TUNING CURVE
MAX2754 toc01
VTUNE (V)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
MODULATION SENSITIVITY vs.
CARRIER FREQUENCY
MAX2754 toc02
CARRIER FREQUENCY (MHz)
MODULATION SENSITIVITY (kHz/V)
TUNE INPUT CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX2754 toc03
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TUNING INPUT CURRENT (nA)
OUTPUT POWER vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2754 toc04
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
OUTPUT POWER
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2754 toc05
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
MAX2754 toc063ƒO
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
FREQUENCY
NORMALIZED HARMONIC
OUTPUT SPECTRUM

2ƒO
-60100100010,000
PHASE NOISE

MAX2754 toc07
OFFSET FREQUENCY (kHz)
PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz)
OSCILLATOR TURN-ON/
TURN-OFF TIME
MAX2754 toc08
TIME (µs)
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
OUTPUT S11
MAX2754 toc09
FREQUENCY (MHz)
(dB)
Typical Operating Characteristics

(MAX2754 EV kit, VCC= +3.0V, VSHDN≥+2.0V, VTUNE= VMOD= +1.4V, and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
The MAX2754 VCO is implemented as an LC oscillator
topology, integrating all of the tank components on-
chip. This fully monolithic approach provides an
extremely easy-to-use VCO, equivalent to a VCO mod-
ule. The frequency is controlled by a voltage applied to
the TUNE pin. The VCO core uses a differential topolo-
gy to provide a stable frequency versus supply voltage
and improve the immunity to load variations. In addi-
tion, there is a buffer amplifier following the oscillator
core to provide added isolation from load and supply
variations and to boost the output power.
Linear Modulation

The linear modulation input offers a means to directly
FM modulate the VCO with a controlled amount of fre-
quency deviation for a given input voltage deviation.
The unique technique maintains a consistent modula-
tion gain (df/dVMOD) across the entire frequency tuning
range of the part, enabling accurate FM modulation
derived solely from the filtered NRZ “data” stream (the
modulation voltage input).
The modulation input is single-ended and centered
about +1.4V. The linear modulation full-scale range is
±1V around this point, for a +0.4V to +2.4V input volt-
age range. A very important point to note is that the
sign of the modulation gain is negative. A positive
change in VMODresults in a negative change in oscilla-
ered when designing the analog voltage interface that
drives the linear modulation input. The easiest way to
handle this is to invert the logic polarity of the modula-
tion data three-state output buffer (TX data output).
Where it is impossible to invert the data-stream logic
polarity, an external inverter and three-state buffer
would be required. These devices are offered in small
single-logic gates in SC-79 style packages from various
manufacturers (e.g., Fairchild—Tiny Logic, On
Semiconductor, or Rohm).
Figure 1 illustrates the frequency versus VMODcharac-
teristic of the modulation input. Note the negative slope
of the curve, dfMOD/dVMOD< 0, where fMOD= fOUT-
fNOM.
Output Buffer

The oscillator signal from the core drives an output
buffer amplifier. The amplifier is internally matched to
50Ωincluding an on-chip DC-blocking capacitor. The
return loss can be improved to a minimum of 12dB over
1145MHz to 1250MHz by adding a 2.5nH series induc-
tor and a 3.0pF shunt capacitor. The output buffer has
a ground connection separate from the oscillator core
to minimize load-pulling effects. The amplifier boosts
the oscillator signal to a level suitable for driving most
RF mixers.
MAX2754
1.2GHz VCO with Linear
Modulation Input
Pin Description
MAX2754
Applications Information
Tune Input

The tuning input is typically connected to the output of
the PLL loop filter. The loop filter provides an appropri-
ately low-impedance source. Incorporate an extra RC
filter stage to reduce high-frequency noise and spuri-
ous signals. Any excess noise on the tuning input is
directly translated into FM noise, which can degrade
the phase-noise performance of the oscillator.
Therefore, it is important to minimize the noise intro-
duced on the tuning input. A simple RC filter with low
corner frequency is needed during testing to filter the
noise present on the voltage source driving the tuning
line.
Two-Level FSK Applications

The MAX2754 is designed for use in FSK applications
operating in the 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz ISM band. Specifically,
it is targeted for those systems which utilize a direct TX
modulation architecture in which the VCO is directly modu-
lated with the data signal duringthe transmit (TX) mode.
The VCO in these systems runs at half the RF output
frequency and is used in conjunction with a frequency
doubler to produce the final LO signal for both RX and
TX modes of operation.
Figure 2 shows a typical applications circuit. To com-
pute R1, R2, R3, and R4, determine the modulation
voltage center point (VMODB= +1.4V). Compute the
required modulation voltage deviation as follows:
1.2GHz VCO with Linear
Modulation Input
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