MAX2037CCQ+ Fast Delivery |IC PHOENIX CO.,LIMITED

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MAX2037CCQ+
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
General Description
The MAX2037 8-channel variable-gain amplifier (VGA)
is designed for high linearity, high dynamic range, and
low-noise performance targeting ultrasound imaging
and Doppler applications. Each amplifier features dif-
ferential inputs and outputs and a total gain range of
typically 42dB. In addition, the VGAs offer very low out-
put-referred noise performance suitable for interfacing
with 12-bit ADCs.
The MAX2037 VGA is optimized for less than ±0.25dB
absolute gain error to ensure minimal channel-to-chan-
nel ultrasound beamforming focus error. The device’s
differential outputs are designed to directly drive ultra-
sound ADCs through an external passive anti-aliasing
filter. A switchable clamp is also provided at each ampli-
fier’s outputs to limit the output signals, thereby prevent-
ing ADC overdrive or saturation.
Dynamic performance of the device is optimized to
reduce distortion to support second-harmonic imaging.
The device achieves a second-harmonic distortion
specification of -70dBc at VOUT= 1.5VP-Pand fIN=
5MHz, and an ultrasound-specific* two-tone third-order
intermodulation distortion specification of -52dBc at
VOUT= 1.5VP-Pand fIN= 5MHz.
The MAX2037 operates from a +5.0V power supply,
consuming only 120mW/channel. The device is avail-
able in a 100-pin TQFP package with an exposed pad.
Electrical performance is guaranteed over a 0°C to
+70°C temperature range.
Applications
Ultrasound Imaging Sonar
Features8-Channel ConfigurationHigh Integration for Ultrasound Imaging
ApplicationsPin Compatible with the MAX2038 Ultrasound
VGA Plus CW Doppler BeamformerMaximum Gain, Gain Range, and Output-Referred
Noise Optimized for Interfacing with 12-Bit ADCs
Maximum Gain of 29.5dB
Total Gain Range of 42dB
22nV/√HzUltra-Low Output-Referred Noise at
5MHz
Pin-for-Pin 10-Bit Compatibility Supported By
MAX2035/MAX2036±0.25dB Absolute Gain ErrorSwitchable Output VGA Clamp Eliminating ADC
OverdriveFully Differential VGA Outputs for Direct ADC
DriveVariable Gain Range Achieves 42dB Dynamic
Range-70dBc HD2 at VOUT= 1.5VP-Pand fIN= 5MHzTwo-Tone Ultrasound-Specific* IMD3 of -52dBc at
VOUT= 1.5VP-Pand fIN= 5MHz120mW Consumption Per Channel
*See the Ultrasound-Specific IMD3 Specification in the
Applications Information section.
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
Ordering Information
19-0586; Rev 1; 2/09
†EP= Exposed pad.
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.= Tape and reel.
D = Dry packing.
PARTTEMP
RANGEPIN-PACKAGE
MAX2037CCQ+D0°C to +70°C100 TQFP-EP†AX 2037C C Q + TD 0°C to +70°C100 TQFP-EP†
Functional Diagram
MAX2037
BIAS
CIRCUITRY
GNDEXT_RES
VCCVREF
VG_CTL+
VG_CTL-VG_CLAMP_MODE
VGOUT1+
VGOUT1-
VGOUT8+
VGOUT8-
VGIN1+
VGIN1-
VGIN8+
VGIN8-
-12.5dB TO +29.5dB
VGA
50Ω
50Ω
VGA
50Ω
50Ω
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VCM= (3/5)VREF, TA= 0°C to +70°C, VGND= 0, PD = 0, no RF signals applied,capacitance
to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, RL= 1kΩ. Typical
values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCC, VREFto GND.................................................-0.3V to +5.5V
Any Other Pins to GND...............................-0.3V to (VCC+ 0.3V)
VGA Differential Input Voltage (VGIN_+ - VGIN_-)...........8.0VP-P
Analog Gain-Control Input Differential Voltage
(VG_CTL+ - VG_CTL-)...................................................8.0VP-P
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
100-Pin TQFP
(derated 45.5mW/°C above +70°C).........................3636.4mW
Operating Temperature Range...............................0°C to +70°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
θJC(Note 1).....................................................................+2°C/W
θJA(Note 1)...................................................................+22°C/W
Storage Temperature Range.............................-40°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDTIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
Supply Voltage RangeVCC4.7555.25V
VCC External Reference Voltage
RangeVREF(Note 3)4.7555.25V
PD = 0204231Total Power Supply CurrentRefers to VCC supply
current plus VREF currentPD = 12733mA
VCC Supply CurrentIVCC192216mA
VREF CurrentIREF1215mA
Current Consumption per
Amplifier ChannelRefers to VCC supply current2427mA
Minimum gain+2Differential Analog Control
Voltage RangeMaximum gain-2VP-P
Differential Analog Control
Common-Mode VoltageVCM2.853.03.15V
Analog Control Input Source/Sink
Current4.55mA
LOGIC INPUTS
CMOS Input High VoltageVIH2.0V
CMOS Input Low VoltageVIL0.8V
Note 1:Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-
layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to /thermal-tutorial.
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VCM= (3/5)VREF, TA= 0°C to +70°C, VGND= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF=
5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF,= 1kΩ. Typical values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
Differential output
capacitance is 10pF,
capacitance to GND at
each single-ended
output is 60pF, RL = 1kΩ
Full-Scale Bandwidthf-1.3dB
VOUT = 1.5VP-P,
3dB bandwidth,
gain = 10dB
No capacitive load
RL = 1kΩ29
MHz
Small Signal Bandwidthf-1.3dBVOUT = 1.5mVP-P, 3dB bandwidth,
gain = 10dB30MHz
Differential Input ResistanceRIN170200230Ω
Input Effective CapacitanceCINfRF = 10MHz, each input to ground15pF
Differential Output ResistanceROUT100Ω
Maximum Gain+29.5dB
Minimum Gain-12.5dB
Gain Range42dB
Absolute Gain ErrorTA = +25°C, full gain range 0% to 100%,
VREF = 5V±0.25±1.5dB
VGA Gain Response Time40dB gain change to within 1dB final value1µs
Input-Referred NoiseVG_CTL set for maximum gain,
no input signal2nV/√Hz
No input signal22
Output-Referred NoiseVG_CTL set for
+10dB of gainVOUT = 1.5VP-P,
1kHz offset55nV/√Hz
VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1,
VG_CTL set for +10dB of gain,
fRF = 5MHz, VOUT = 1.5VP-P
Second HarmonicHD2
VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1,
VG_CTL set for +10dB of gain,
fRF = 10MHz, VOUT = 1.5VP-P
dBc
Third-Order Intermodulation
DistortionIMD3
VG_CLT set for +10dB of gain, fRF1 = 5MHz,
fRF2 = 5.01MHz, VOUT = 1.5VP-P, VREF = 5V
(Note 4)
-40-52dBc
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VGND= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF= 5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the
VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, RL= 1kΩ, TA= 0°C to +70°C. Typical
values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OVERDRIVE PHASE DELAY
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037toc01
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OVERDRIVE PHASE DELAY (ns)
VIN1 = 35mVP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VIN2 = 87.5mVP-P DIFFERENTIAL
GAIN = 20dB
POWER SUPPLY MODULATION RATIO
MAX2037 toc02
FREQUENCY (kHz)
PSMR (dBc)
VOUT = 1.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VMOD = 50mVP-P, fCARRIER = 5MHz,
GAIN = 10dB
TWO-TONE ULTRASOUND-SPECIFIC
IMD3 vs. GAIN
MAX2037toc03
GAIN (dB)
IMD3 (dBc)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 10MHz
f = 2MHz
f = 5MHz
Note 2:Specifications at TA= +25°C and TA= +70°C are guaranteed by production test. Specifications at TA= 0°C are guaranteed
by design and characterization.
Note 3:Noise performance of the device is dependent on the noise contribution from the supply to VREF. Use a low noise supply for
VREF. VCCand VREFcan be connected together to share the same supply voltage if the supply for VCCexhibits low noise.
Note 4:See the Ultrasound-Specific IMD3 Specificationin the Applications Informationsection.
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VCM= (3/5)VREF, TA= 0°C to +70°C, VGND= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF=
5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF,= 1kΩ. Typical values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
Channel-to-Channel CrosstalkVOUT = 1VP-P differential, fRF = 10MHz,
VG_CTL set for +10dB of gain-80dB
Maximum Output Voltage at
Clamp ON
VG_CLAMP_MODE = 0,
VG_CTL set for +20dB of gain,
350mVP-P differential input
2.4VP-Pi ffer enti al
Maximum Output Voltage at
Clamp OFF
VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1,
VG_CTL set for +20dB of gain,
350mVP-P differential input
2.8VP-Pi ffer enti al
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
OVERLOAD RECOVERY TIME
MAX2037toc07
DIFFERENTIAL
OUTPUT
2.0V/div
DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT
2.0V/div
400ns/div
f = 5MHz
OUTPUT 100mVP-P TO OVERLOAD
AND BACK TO 100mVP-P
CHANNEL-TO-CHANNEL CROSSTALK
vs. GAIN
MAX2037 toc08
CROSSTALK (dB)
VOUT = 1.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 10MHz, ADJACENT CHANNELS
CHANNEL-TO-CHANNEL CROSSTALK
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037toc09
CROSSTALK (dB)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
GAIN = 10dB, ADJACENT CHANNELS
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VGND= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF= 5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the
VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, RL= 1kΩ, TA= 0°C to +70°C. Typical
values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SECOND HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. GAIN
MAX2037 toc04
GAIN (dB)
HD2 (dBc)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 12MHz
f = 2MHz
f = 5MHz
THIRD HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. GAIN
MAX2037 toc05
GAIN (dB)
HD3 (dBc)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 12MHz
f = 2MHz
f = 5MHz
OVERLOAD RECOVERY TIME
MAX2037toc06
DIFFERENTIAL
OUTPUT
1.0V/div
DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT
1.0V/div
400ns/div
f = 5MHz
OUTPUT 1VP-P TO OVERLOAD AND BACK TO 1VP-P
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
LARGE-SIGNAL BANDWIDTH
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc13
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 1.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VG_CTL = -1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
LARGE-SIGNAL BANDWIDTH
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc14
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 1.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VG_CTL = +0.6VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
LARGE-SIGNAL BANDWIDTH
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc15
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 1.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VG_CTL = +1.5VP-P
LARGE-SIGNAL BANDWIDTH
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc16
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VG_CTL = +1.7VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
LARGE-SIGNAL BANDWIDTH
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc17
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 0.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VG_CTL = +2VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX2037 toc18
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VP-P)
HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc)
THIRD HARMONIC
SECOND HARMONIC
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 5MHz, GAIN = 10dB
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VGND= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF= 5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the
VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, RL= 1kΩ, TA= 0°C to +70°C. Typical
values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT-REFERRED NOISE VOLTAGE
vs. GAIN
MAX2037toc10
GAIN (dB)
f = 5MHz
OUTPUT-REFERRED NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/
Hz)
GAIN vs. DIFFERENTIAL ANALOG
CONTROL VOLTAGE (VG_CTL)
MAX2037toc11
VG_CTL (VP-P DIFFERENTIAL)
f = 5MHz
GAIN (dB)
LARGE-SIGNAL BANDWIDTH
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037toc12
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 1.5VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
VG_CTL = -2VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
MAX2037
Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier
TWO-TONE ULTRASOUND-SPECIFIC IMD3
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc22
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IMD3 (dBc)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
GAIN = 10dB
GAIN ERROR HISTOGRAM
MAX2037 toc23
GAIN ERROR (dB)
% OF UNITS
SAMPLE SIZE = 202 UNITS,
fIN_ = 5MHz, GAIN = 10dB
OUTPUT COMMON-MODE OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. GAIN
MAX2037 toc24
GAIN (dB)
OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
MAGNITUDE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc25
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUT
HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT LOAD RESISTANCE
MAX2037 toc19
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT LOAD (Ω)
HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc)
THIRD HARMONIC
SECOND HARMONIC
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 5MHz, GAIN = 10dB
HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT LOAD CAPACITANCE
MAX2037 toc20
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT LOAD (pF)
HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc)
THIRD HARMONIC
SECOND HARMONIC
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
f = 5MHz, GAIN = 10dB
HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2037 toc21
FREQUENCY (MHz)
HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc)
VOUT = 1VP-P DIFFERENTIAL
GAIN = 10dB
THIRD HARMONIC
SECOND HARMONIC
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Figure 2, VCC= VREF= 4.75V to 5.25V, VGND= 0, PD = 0, VG_CLAMP_MODE = 1, fRF= 5MHz, capacitance to GND at each of the
VGA differential outputs is 60pF, differential capacitance across the VGA outputs is 10pF, RL= 1kΩ, TA= 0°C to +70°C. Typical
values are at VCC= VREF= 5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

Partno	Mfg	Dc	Qty	Available	Descript
MAX2037CCQ+ \|MAX2037CCQ	MAXIM/DALLAS	N/a	2	avai	Ultrasound Variable-Gain Amplifier