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MAX1758EAI+-MAX1758EAI+T
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V SwitchEVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE
General DescriptionThe MAX1758 is a switch-mode lithium-ion (Li+) battery
charger that charges one-to-four cells. It provides a reg-ulated charging current accurate to ±10% and a regu-
lated voltage with only a ±0.8% total voltage error at the
battery terminals. The internal high-side switch delivers
a programmable current of up to 1.5A to charge the bat-
tery. The built-in safety timer automatically terminates
charging once the adjustable time limit has been
reached.
The MAX1758 regulates the voltage set point and
charging current using two loops that work together to
transition smoothly between voltage and current regula-
tion. An additional control loop monitors the total cur-
rent drawn from the input source (charging + system),
and automatically reduces battery-charging current,
preventing overload of the input supply and allowing
the use of a low-cost wall adapter.
The per-cell battery regulation voltage is set between
4.0V and 4.4V using standard 1% resistors. The num-
ber of cells is set from 1-to-4 by pin strapping. Battery
temperature is monitored by an external thermistor to
prevent charging outside the acceptable temperature
range.
The MAX1758 is available in a space-saving 28-pin
SSOP package. Use the MAX1758EVKIT to help reduce
design time. For a stand-alone charger with a 14V
switch, refer to the MAX1757 data sheet. For a charger
controller capable of up to 4A charging current, refer to
the MAX1737 data sheet.
________________________Applications
FeaturesStand-Alone Charger for Up to 4 Li+ Batteries±0.8% Battery Regulation Voltage AccuracyLow-Dropout 98% Duty CycleSafely Precharges Near-Dead CellsContinuous Voltage and Temperature Monitoring 0.1µA Shutdown Battery CurrentInput Voltage Up to 28VUp to 1.5A Programmable Charge CurrentSafety Timer Prevents OverchargingInput Current LimitingSpace-Saving 28-Pin SSOP300kHz PWM Oscillator Reduces NoiseDCIN
CSSP
CSSN
CCV
CCI
CCS
FASTCHG
BST
PGND
SHDN
FULLCHG
FAULT
TIMER2
TIMER1
CELL
HSD
HSD
BATT
VADJ
GND
REF
THM
ISETOUT
ISETIN
TOP VIEW
MAX1758
Ordering Information28 SSOP
PIN-PACKAGETEMP. RANGE-40°C to +85°CMAX1758EAI
PARTLi+ Battery Packs
Notebook Computers
Hand-Held Instruments
Desktop Cradle Chargers
Pin ConfigurationGND
DCIN
VIN
6V TO 28V
CSSP
CSSN
BST
PGND
BATT
THM
THERM
FASTCHG
FULLCHG
FAULT
HSD
SYSTEM
LOAD
Li+ BATTERY
1 TO 4 CELLS
MAX1758
ISETOUT
ISETIN
VADJ
CCS
CCI
CCV
REF
TIMER1
TIMER2
SHDN
OFF
CELL
Typical Operating Circuit
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= VHSD= VCSSP= VCSSN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VBATT= VCS= 4.2V, VVADJ= VREF / 2,
VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, RTHM= 10kΩ, TA
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DCIN, CSSP, CSSN, HSD to GND..........................-0.3V to +30V
CSSP to CSSN.......................................................-0.6V to +0.6V
BST to GND............................................................-0.3V to +36V
BST to LX..................................................................-0.3V to +6V
LX to PGND..............................................-0.6V to (VHSD+ 0.3V)
VL, SHDN, ISETIN, ISETOUT, REF, VADJ, CELL, TIMER1,
TIMER2, CCI, CCS, CCV, THM to GND................-0.3V to +6V
FASTCHG, FULLCHG, FAULTto GND..................-0.3V to +30V
BATT, CS to GND...................................................-0.3V to +20V
CS to BATT Current............................................................±3.5A
PGND to GND.......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
VL Source Current...............................................................50mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C above +70°C)...........762mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature.........................................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
VBATT= 18V, done state
Falling edge
CELL = REF, VBATT= 15V, any charging state
VSHDN= GND, VBATT= 19V
6V < VDCIN< 28V
Internal resistor between CS and BATT,
1.5A RMS operating
See PWM Controllersection
VBST= VLX+ 4.5V
VLX= VHSD= VDCIN=28V, VSHDN= GND
IREF= 0 to 1mA
VLX= PGND, VHSD= VDCIN= 28V,
VSHDN= GND
VCSSN= VCSSP= VDCIN= 28V, VSHDN= GND
6V < VDCIN< 28V
Rising edge
6V < VDCIN< 28V
IVL= 0 to 15mA
In-dropout, fOSC/ 4
6V < VDCIN< 28V
Nondropout fOSC
CONDITIONS150270
BATT, CS Input CurrentµA2805400.15110170RCSCS to BATT Current-Sensing
Resistance12LX to PGND On-Resistance260450HSD to LX On-Resistance0.110LX Off-State Leakage0.110HSD Off-State Leakage210CSSN/CSSP Off-State Leakage9798LX Maximum Duty Cycle
kHz270300330fOSCPWM Oscillator Frequency0.0750.1250.175DCIN to BATT Dropout
Threshold, DCIN Falling 57DCIN Quiescent Supply Current614REF Load Regulation26REF Line Regulation4.1794.204.2210.200.300.40DCIN to BATT Dropout
Threshold, DCIN Rising5.105.405.70VL Output Voltage4465
VREFREF Output Voltage
UNITSMINTYPMAXSYMBOLPARAMETER628DCIN Input Voltage Range
SUPPLY AND REFERENCE
SWITCHING REGULATORVL Output Load Regulation
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= VHSD= VCSSP= VCSSN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VBATT= VCS= 4.2V, VVADJ= VREF / 2,
VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, RTHM= 10kΩ, TA
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
VADJ= GND
Instantaneous peak current limit
With 1% VADJ resistors
Not including VADJ resistor tolerances
CELL = float, GND, VL, or REF
CONDITIONS3.9483.9794.010BATT Regulation Voltage
Adjustment Range1Absolute Voltage Accuracy%-0.80.8
V/cell4.1674.24.233VBATTRBattery Regulation Voltage019BATT, CS Input Voltage Range2.42.73.0CS to BATT Hard Current Limit
UNITSMINTYPMAXSYMBOLPARAMETERVADJ= REFV/cell4.3864.4214.453
VCCV= 2VmS ×
cells0.40.71.0CCV Amplifier
Transconductance
VCCV= 2VµA±50CCV Amplifier Maximum Output
Current1.351.51.65BATT Full-Scale Charge Current
VISETOUT= VREF / 10mA100150200BATT 1/10-Scale Charge
Current (Note 1)
VBATT< 2.4V per cellmA100150200BATT Charge Current in
Prequalification State
VCCI= 2VµA/A60130240CCI Battery Current Sense Gain
VCCI= 2VµA±100CCI Amplifier Maximum Output
Current90100115CSSP to CSSN Full-Scale
Current-Sense Voltage
VISETIN= VREF / 10mV51015CSSP to CSSN 1/10-Scale
Current-Sense Voltage
VCCS= 2VmS1.02.03.0CCS Amplifier Transconductance25200CCV Clamp Voltage with
Respect to CCI, CCS
THM low-temp or high-temp currentV1.3861.401.414VTRTTHM Trip Threshold Voltage
VTHM= 1.4VµA46.24951.5ITLTCTHM Low-Temp Current
VTHM= 1.4VµA344353362ITHTCTHM High-Temp Current
Combines THM low-temp current and THM
threshold, VTRT/ ITLTCkΩ26.9228.7030.59THM COLD Threshold
Resistance (Note 2)
Combines THM high-temp current and THM
threshold, VTRT/ ITHTCkΩ3.8193.9644.115THM HOT Threshold Resistance
(Note 2)
VOLTAGE LIMIT ACCURACY
ERROR AMPLIFIERS
STATE MACHINEVCCS= 2VµA±100CCS Amplifier Maximum Output
Current25200CCI, CCS Clamp Voltage with
Respect to CCV
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= VHSD= VCSSP= VCSSN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VBATT= VCS= 4.2V, VVADJ= VREF / 2,
VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, RTHM= 10kΩ, TA
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
CONDITIONS% of
VBATTR
x cell9596BATT Recharge Voltage
Threshold (Note 6)250330400FULLCHGBATT Current
Termination Threshold (Note 5)
V/cell4.554.674.8BATT Overvoltage Threshold
(Note 4)
V/cell2.42.52.6BATT Undervoltage Threshold
(Note 3)
UNITSMINTYPMAXSYMBOLPARAMETERTIMER1 and TIMER2
Oscillation Frequency2.12.332.6kHz
Prequalification Timer6.257.58.75
Fast-Charge Timer8190100
Full-Charge Timer8190100
Top-Off Timer40.54549.8
Temperature Measurement
Frequency0.981.121.32Hz
SHDN Input Voltage High VIH1.4V
SHDNInput Voltage LowVIL0.6V
VADJ, ISETIN, ISETOUT Input
Voltage Range0VREFV
VVADJ, VISETIN, VISETOUT= 0 or 4.2VnA
SHDNInput Bias CurrentVSHDN= 0 or VVL-11µA
ISETOUT Shutdown Threshold
Voltage (Note 3)150220300mV
CELL Input Bias CurrentVCELL= 0 or VVL-55µA
VADJ, ISETIN, ISETOUT Input
Bias Current
CELL Input Voltage
For 1 cell00.5
For 3 cellsVREF- 0.3VREF+ 0.3
For 2 cells (floating)1.52.5
CONTROL INPUTS/OUTPUTS
min
min
min
min
VVL- 0.4VVLFor 4 cells
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= VHSD= VCSSP= VCSSN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VBATT= VCS= 4.2V, VVADJ= VREF / 2,
VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, RTHM= 10kΩ, TA
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= VHSD= VCSSP= VCSSN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VBATT= VCS= 4.2V, VVADJ= VREF / 2,
VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, RTHM= 10kΩ, TA
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 7)
CONDITIONSDCIN Input Voltage Range628V
UNITSMINTYPMAXSYMBOLPARAMETERVL Output Voltage5.15.7V
REF Output Voltage6V < VDCIN< 28V 4.1664.242V
REF Line Regulation6V < VDCIN< 28V 6mV
PWM Oscillator FrequencyfOSCNondropout fOSC260340kHz
HSD to LX On-ResistanceVBST= VLX+ 4.5V450mΩ
LX to PGND On-Resistance2Ω
CS to BATT Hard Current LimitInstantaneous peak current limit2.23.2A
BATT, CS Input Voltage Range019V
Absolute Voltage AccuracyNot including VADJ resistor tolerances-0.80.8%With 1% VADJ resistors-11
CSSP to CSSN 1/10-Scale
Current-Sense VoltageVSETIN= VREF / 10515mV
THM Trip Threshold VoltageVTRTTHM low-temp or high-temp current1.3861.414V
THM Low-Temp CurrentITLTCVTHM= 1.4V46.251.5µA
VFASTCHG, VFULLCHG, VFAULT= 28V,
VSHDN= GND
ISINK= 5mA
CONDITIONS1FASTCHG, FULLCHG, FAULT
Output High Leakage0.5VOLFASTCHG, FULLCHG, FAULT
Output Low Voltage
UNITSMINTYPMAXSYMBOLPARAMETER
SUPPLY AND REFERENCE
SWITCHING REGULATOR
ACCURACY AND ERROR AMPLIFIERS
STATE MACHINEBATT Regulation VoltageCELL = float, GND, VL, or REF4.1584.242V/cell
BATT Full-Scale Charge Current1.31.7A
BATT 1/10-Scale Charge
Current (Note 1)VSETOUT= VREF / 10100200mA
BATT Charge Current in
Prequalification StateVBATT< 2.4V per cell100200mA
CSSP to CSSN Full-Scale
Current-Sense Voltage85115mV
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= VHSD= VCSSP= VCSSN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VBATT= VCS= 4.2V, VVADJ= VREF / 2,
VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, RTHM= 10kΩ, TA
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 7)
Note 1:When VISETOUT= 0, battery charger turns off.
Note 2:See Thermistorsection.
Note 3:Below this threshold, charger reverts to a prequalification mode with IBATTreduced to 10% of full scale.
Note 4:Above this threshold, charger is disabled.
Note 5:After full-charge state is complete and peak inductor current falls below this threshold, FULLCHGoutput switches high.
Battery charging continues until top-off timeout occurs. See Table 1.
Note 6:After charging is complete, when BATT voltage falls below this threshold, a new charging cycle is initiated.
Note 7:Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design, not production tested.
CONTROL INPUTS/OUTPUTS0.6VILSHDNInput Voltage Low1.4VIHSHDN Input Voltage High 0.931.37Temperature Measurement
Frequency
PARAMETERSYMBOLMINTYPMAXUNITSBATT Undervoltage Threshold
(Note 3)2.42.6V/cell
BATT Overvoltage Threshold
(Note 4)4.554.8V/cell
FULLCHGBATT Current
Termination Threshold (Note 5)mA
CONDITIONS
CONTROL INPUTS/OUTPUTS
TIMEOUT vs. TIMER1 CAPACITANCE
MAX1758 TOC08
CAPACITANCE (nF)
TIMEOUT (MINUTES)
PREQUALIFICATION MODE
TOP-OFF MODE
VOLTAGE MODE
FAST-CHARGE TIMEOUT
vs. TIMER2 CAPACITANCE
MAX1758 TOC09
CAPACITANCE (nF)
TIMEOUT (MINUTES)
EFFICIENCY vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX1758 TOC10
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
EFFICIENCY (%)
ICHG = 1.0A
2 CELLS
4 CELLS3 CELLS
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V SwitchBATTERY VOLTAGE
vs. CHARGING CURRENT
MAX1758 TOC01
CHARGING CURRENT (A)
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
CHARGING CURRENT
vs. ISETOUT VOLTAGE
MAX1758 TOC02
ISETOUT VOLTAGE (V)
CHARGING CURRENT (A)
INPUT CURRENT-SENSE REGULATION
VOLTAGE vs. ISETIN VOLTAGE
MAX1758 TOC03
ISETIN VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT CURRENT-SENSE VOLTAGE (mV)
VOLTAGE LIMIT
vs. VADJ VOLTAGE
MAX1758 TOC04
VADJ VOLTAGE (V)
VOLTAGE LIMIT (V)
REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1758 TOC05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
REFERENCE LOAD REGULATION
MAX1758 TOC07
REFERENCE LOAD (μA)
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
Typical Operating Characteristics(Circuit of Figure 1, VDCIN= 18V, VSHDN= VVL, VCELL= GND, VVADJ= VREF/2, VISETIN= VISETOUT= VREF, TA= +25°C, unless oth-
erwise noted.)
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
NAMEFUNCTIONVLChip Power Supply. Output of the 5.4V linear regulator from DCIN. Bypass VL to GND with 2.2µF or larger
ceramic capacitor.ISETINInput Current Limit Adjust. Use a voltage-divider to set the voltage between 0 and VREF. See Input Current
Regulator section.
PINISETOUTBattery Charging Current Adjust. Use a voltage-divider to set the voltage between 0 and VREF. See
Charging Current Regulator section.THMThermistor Input. Connect a thermistor from THM to GND to set qualification temperature range. If unused,
connect a 10kΩresistor from THM to GND. See Thermistorsection.BATTBattery Voltage-Sense Input and Current-Sense Negative InputVADJVoltage Adjustment. Use a voltage-divider to set the voltage between 0 and VREFto adjust the battery reg-
ulation voltage by ±5%. See Battery Regulation Voltage section.GNDAnalog GroundREF4.2V Reference Voltage Output. Bypass REF to GND with 1µF or larger ceramic capacitor.TIMER2Timer2 Adjustment. Connect a capacitor from TIMER2 to GND to set the fast-charge time. See Timers section.TIMER1Timer1 Adjustment. Connect a capacitor from TIMER1 to GND to set the prequalification, full-charge, and
top-off times. See Timers section.CELLCell-Count Programming Input. Connect CELL to GND, REF, or VL to set 1, 3, or 4 cells, or leave uncon-
nected to set 2 cells.
9, 10HSD High-Side Drain. This is the drain of the internal high-side FET. See Figure 3.
Pin DescriptionFAULTCharge Fault Indicator. Open-drain output pulls low when charging terminates abnormally. See Table 1. FASTCHGFast-Charge Indicator. Open-drain output pulls low when charging with constant current.FULLCHGFull-Charge Indicator. Open-drain output pulls low when charging with constant voltage in full-charge
state.SHDNShutdown Input. Drive SHDNlow to disable charging. Connect SHDNto VL for normal operation.PGNDPower Ground. Current from the low-side power MOSFET switch source flows through PGND.
19, 20LX Power Inductor Switching Node and High-Side Power MOSFET SourceCSBattery Current-Sense Positive Input. Connects to internal 0.1Ωresistor between BATT and CS.BSTHigh-Side MOSFET Gate Drive Bias. Connect a 0.1µF capacitor from BST to LX.CCSCharger Source Current Regulation Loop Compensation Point. See Compensationsection.CCIBattery Charge Current Regulation Loop Compensation Point. See Compensationsection.CCVVoltage Regulation Loop Compensation Point. See Compensationsection.CSSNSource Current-Sense Negative Input. See Input Current Regulator section.CSSPSource Current-Sense Positive Input. See Input Current Regulator section.DCINPower-Supply Input. DCIN is the input supply for the VL regulator. Bypass DCIN to GND with a 0.1µF or
greater capacitor. See Detailed Description.
MAX1758
Stand-Alone, Switch-Mode
Li+ Battery Charger with Internal 28V Switch
Detailed DescriptionThe MAX1758 includes all of the functions necessary to
charge 1, 2, 3, or 4 Li+ battery cells in series. It
includes a step-down DC-DC converter that controls
charging voltage and current. It also includes input
source current limiting, battery temperature monitoring,
battery undervoltage precharging, battery fault indica-
tion, and a state machine with timers for charge termi-
nation.
The DC-DC converter uses an internal power MOSFET
switch to convert the input voltage to the charging cur-
rent or voltage. Figure 1 shows the typical application
circuit. Figure 2 shows a typical charging sequence and
Figure 3 shows the functional diagram. The charging
current is set by the voltage at ISETOUT. The battery
voltage is measured at the BATT pin. The battery regu-
lation voltage limit is set to 4.2V per cell and can be
adjusted ±5% by changing the voltage at the VADJ pin.
By limiting the adjust range, the voltage limit accuracy is
better than 1% while using 1% setting resistors.CSSPDCIN
CSSN
BST
HSD
HSD
PGND
BATT
THM
REF
ISETIN
TO VLSHDN
ISETOUT
MBRS340
MBRS340
VADJ
CELL
GND
CCV
CCI
CCS
TIMER1
TIMER2
0.05Ω
22μH
FAULT
FULLCHG
FAST CHARGE
FULL CHARGE
FAULT
FASTCHG
0.1μF
1nF
1nF
0.1μF
1μF
C12
0.22μF
C10
22μF
SYSTEM
LOAD
INPUT
SUPPLYC7
0.1μFC8
0.1μF
0.1μF
10k
C1568μF
0.1μF
C13
4.7μF
C14
0.1μF
C16
0.1μF
MAX1758C11
22μF+
C17
1nF
THERM
Li+ BATTERY
1 TO 4 CELLS
C18
0.1μF
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit
