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MAX1736EUT42+TMAXIMN/a300avaiSOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger for Current-Limited Supply


MAX1736EUT42+T ,SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger for Current-Limited SupplyApplicationsMAX1736EUT42-T -40°C to +85°C 6 SOT23-6 AAHOWireless HandsetsMAX1736EUT41-T -40°C to +8 ..
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MAX1737EEI ,Stand-Alone Switch-Mode Lithium-Ion Battery-Charger ControllerFeaturesThe MAX1737 is a switch-mode lithium-ion (Li+) battery Stand-Alone Charger for Up to Four ..
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MAX4566CSE ,Quad/Dual / Low-Voltage / Bidirectional RF/Video SwitchesFeaturesThe MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are low-voltage ' High 50Ω Off Isolation: -83dB at 10MHzT-switc ..
MAX4566CSE ,Quad/Dual / Low-Voltage / Bidirectional RF/Video SwitchesMAX4565/MAX4566/MAX456719-1252; Rev 0; 7/97Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage,Bidirectional RF/Video Switches__ ..
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MAX4567CSE ,Quad/Dual / Low-Voltage / Bidirectional RF/Video SwitchesFeaturesThe MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are low-voltage ' High 50Ω Off Isolation: -83dB at 10MHzT-switc ..
MAX4567EEE+ ,Quad Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF Video SwitchesFeaturesThe MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are low-voltage ♦ High 50Ω Off Isolation: -83dB at 10MHzT-switc ..


MAX1736EUT42+T
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger for Current-Limited Supply
General Description
The MAX1736 is a simple, low-cost, single-cell lithium-
ion (Li+) battery charger for small hand-held applica-
tions. When accompanied by a current-limited voltage
source (such as a wall cube), the MAX1736 provides
simple, accurate charging and termination control for
single-cell Li+ batteries. The MAX1736EUT42 is preset
to a 4.2V battery regulation voltage, while the
MAX1736EUT41 is preset to 4.1V.
The MAX1736 initiates charging in one of four ways:
battery insertion, charger power-up, battery voltage
threshold, and by external manipulation of the EN pin.
The device features an internal precharge current
source that safely charges near-dead cells, as well as
input-supply detection that shuts down the MAX1736
when the supply is removed to minimize battery current
drain.
The MAX1736 accepts input voltages up to 22V, mak-
ing it compatible with a wide range of input supplies. It
has a single control input yet offers stand-alone and
microprocessor-controlled operation. The MAX1736 is
packaged in a small SOT23-6 package. An evaluation
kit (EV kit) is available to reduce design time.
________________________Applications

Single-Cell Li+ Portable Applications
Wireless Handsets
Personal Digital Assistants
Digital Cameras
Small Hand-Held Equipment
Self-Charging Battery Packs
Cradle Chargers
Features
Small 6-Pin SOT23 PackageStand-Alone or µP-Controlled Operation0.5% Voltage Set-Point AccuracyLowest Power DissipationLow 4.7V min Input VoltageTop-Off Charging to Achieve Full Battery CapacityNo Inductor RequiredSafely Precharges Near-Dead CellsAutomatic Power-Down when Input Power
Removed
Note:
Requires special solder temperature profile
described in the Absolute Maximum Ratings Section.
MAX1736
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery
Charger for Current-Limited Supply

GATEGNDBATTCT
MAX1736
SOT23

TOP VIEW
Pin Configuration

CURRENT-LIMITED
VOLTAGE SOURCE
GATE
BATT
BATTERY
GND
OFF
MAX1736
PFETypical Operating Circuit
19-1662; Rev 1; 10/00
EVALUATION KIT
AVAILABLE
Ordering Information
PARTTEMP.
RANGE
PIN-
PACKAGE
SOT
MARK

MAX1736EUT42-T-40°C to +85°C6 SOT23-6AAHO
MAX1736EUT41-T-40°C to +85°C6 SOT23-6AANC
MAX1736
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger
for Current-Limited Supply
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
IN, GATE to GND....................................................-0.3V to +26V
BATT, EN, CT to GND..............................................-0.3V to +6V
GATE to IN................................................................-6V to +0.3V
GATE Continuous Current.................................-10mA to +10mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C) (Note 1)
6-Pin SOT23 (derate 8.1mW/°C above +70°C).............0.65W
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range..............................-65°C to +150°C
Maximum Junction Temperature......................................+150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) (Note 2)...................+300°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN= 10V, VBATT= 4.2V for MAX1736EUT42 or 4.1V for MAX1736EUT41, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA= +25°C,
unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Input Voltage (Note 4)External P-MOSFET off4.722V
Fast-Charge BATT Qualification
ThresholdBATT rising, transition from precharge to fast charge2.42.52.65V
Fast-Charge BATT Qualification
Threshold Hysteresis70mV
MAX1736EUT424.1794.204.221BATT Regulation VoltageMAX1736EUT414.0794.104.121V
BATT Removal Detection
ThresholdBATT rising4.8755.05.1V
BATT Removal Detection
Threshold Hysteresis125mV
BATT Input Current, Input Power
RemovedVIN ≤ VBATT - 0.3V0.11μA
BATT Input Current, Charger
DisabledEN = GND, VBATT = 0 to 5V26μA
BATT Input Current, When
Charging0.40.75mA
Precharge Source CurrentVBATT = 2V3.568mA
IN Input Current0.251mA
IN Detection Interval (Note 5)CCT = 0.33µF20s
GATE Source/Sink Current75100125μA
GATE Drive Source Current at
Battery RemovalVBATT = 5.1V153060mA
Minimum BATT Bypass
Capacitance (Note 6)1.5μF/A
EN Logic High Threshold2V
EN Logic Low Threshold0.7V
CT Pulldown Current1.622.4μA
Note 1: Thermal properties are specified with product mounted on PC board with one square-inch of copper area and still air.
Note 2:
This device is constructed using a unique set of packaging techniques that impose a limit on the termal profile the device can be
exposed to during solder attach and rework. This limit permits only the use of the solder profiles recommended in the industry stan-
dard specification, IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020A, paragraph 7.6, Table 3 for the IR/VPR and Convention reflow. Pre-heating is required.
Hand or wave soldering is not allowed.
MAX1736
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger
for Current-Limited Supply
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= 10V, VBATT= 4.2V for MAX1736EUT42 or 4.1V for MAX1736EUT41, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA= +25°C,
unless otherwise noted.)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN= 10V, VBATT= 4.2V for MAX1736EUT42 or 4.1V for MAX1736EUT41, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

CT Pullup Current-12-10-8μA
Minimum On-TimeCCT = 0.33µF165ms
Minimum Off-TimeCCT = 0.33µF33ms
EN Pullup Resistance175350725kΩ
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINMAXUNITS

Input Voltage (Note 4)External P-MOSFET off4.722V
Fast-Charge BATT Qualification
ThresholdBATT rising, transition from precharge to fast charge2.42.65V
MAX1736EUT424.1584.242VBATT Regulation VoltageMAX1736EUT414.0584.142
BATT Removal Detection
ThresholdBATT rising4.855.125V
BATT Input Current, Input Power
RemovedVIN ≤ VBATT - 0.3V1μA
BATT Input Current, Charger
DisabledEN = GND, VBATT = 0 to 5V6μA
BATT Input Current, When
Charging0.75mA
Precharge Source CurrentVBATT = 2V38mA
IN Input Current1mA
GATE Source/Sink Current60140μA
GATE Drive Source Current at
Battery RemovalVBATT = 5.1V1090mA
EN Logic High Threshold2V
EN Logic Low Threshold0.7V
CT Pulldown Current1.52.5µA
CT Pullup Current-12-8µA
EN Pullup Resistance170725kΩ
Note 3:
All devices are 100% production tested at TA= +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by
design.
Note 4:
The input voltage range is specified with the external PFET off. When charging, the PFET turns on and the input voltage (the
output voltage of the constant-current power source) drops to very near the battery voltage. When the PFET is on, IN may be
as low as 2.5V.
Note 5:
Every 20s (for CT = 0.33µF) the MAX1736 turns off the external P-channel MOSFET and samples IN to determine if input
power is present. If input power is removed, the charger shuts down.
Note 6:
For design guidance, not tested.
MAX1736
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger
for Current-Limited Supply

MINIMUM ON/OFF-TIMES vs. CCT
MAX1736 toc01
CCT (μF)
MINIMUM ON/OFF-TIME (ms)
10,000
MINIMUM
OFF-TIME
MINIMUM
ON-TIME
BATT REGULATION VOLTAGE
DEVIATION vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1736-02
TEMPERATURE (°C)
BATT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (%)
PRECHARGE CURRENT vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX1736-03
VIN (V)
PRECHARGE CURRENT (mA)9141924
VBATT = 2V
VBATT = 1V
VBATT = 0
PRECHARGE CURRENT (mA)
INPUT DETECTION INTERVAL vs. CCT
MAX1736 toc04
CCT (µF)
INPUT DETECTION INTERVAL (s)
VBATT
200mV/div
IIN
1A/div
IIN
5V/div
VGATE
10V/div
TYPICAL OPERATING WAVEFORMS

MAX1736 toc05
10ms/div
AC-COUPLED
PFET OFF PFET ON ypical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1736
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger
for Current-Limited Supply
Pin Description
PINNAMEDESCRIPTION

1INInput Voltage from Current-Limited Voltage Source (22V max). Bypass to GND with a 0.1μF
capacitor. The charging current is set by the current limit of the external power supply.GATEGate Drive for External PMOS Pass Element. The PMOS device should have a VGS threshold
of 2.5V or less (see Selecting External Components).GNDGround. Connect the battery’s negative terminal to GND.
4ENLogic-Level Enable Input. Pull low to disable the MAX1736. EN is internally pulled up to VBATT +
100mV through 350kΩ, but draws no current from BATT.
5CT
Charge Time Control. Sets the minimum on-time, minimum off-time, and the IN detection interval.
Place a 0.33μF capacitor between CT and GND for most applications (see Selecting External
Components).BATT
Cell Voltage Monitor Input, Precharge Current Output, and MAX1736 Power Source. Connect BATT
to the positive terminal of a single Li+ cell. Bypass BATT with a capacitor to GND (1.5μF per amp of
charge current).
Detailed Description

The MAX1736 provides a simple, safe, low-cost method
of charging a single-cell Li+ battery with nearly no heat
generation. Combined with a current-limited voltage
source, the MAX1736 provides precharge, fast-charge,
and top-off-charge capabilities. After constant-current
fast charge, top-off safely finishes charging the battery
by pulse-width modulating charge current. The top-off
on-time is kept below the electrochemical time constant
of the cell. The key advantage of this method is that the
charge circuit is small and generates minimal heat
while providing a safe method of charging to ensure
maximum cell life. Figure 1 shows the MAX1736 func-
tional diagram.
Precharge

To protect Li+ cells from damage that may occur if fast
charged from a dead state, the MAX1736 precharges the
Li+ cell with 6mA at the start of a charging cycle when the
cell voltage is below 2.5V. As soon as the cell voltage
reaches 2.5V, the MAX1736 begins fast charging.
Fast Charge

In fast-charge mode, the MAX1736 turns on the exter-
nal P-channel MOSFET. Charging current is set by the
current limit of the external supply; current is not regu-
lated by the MAX1736. The P-channel MOSFET is

used only as a switch, not as a linear regulator.
Therefore, the circuit’s power dissipation is minimized,
permitting rapid charge cycles with almost no heat
generation. The external power supply should have a
specified current limit that matches the desired fast-
charge current for the Li+ cell.
With the P-channel MOSFET on, VINwill be nearly
equal to VBATT. To detect that an input supply is con-
nected, the MAX1736 periodically turns the P-channel
MOSFET off and checks the voltage at IN. During fast
charge, this occurs once every input detection interval
(20s with CCT= 0.33µF). During pulsed top-off, input
detection occurs more frequently and is continuous
when the MOSFET is off (see Selecting External
Components).
Pulsed Top-Off

When the battery approaches full charge, its instanta-
neous voltage reaches the BATT regulation voltage and
pulsed top-off begins. The MAX1736 uses a hysteretic
algorithm with a minimum on- and off-time. Cell voltage
is sampled with no charging current to minimize errors
due to battery and cell protection resistance.
If the voltage is below the BATT regulation voltage, the
P-channel MOSFET switches on for a minimum on-time.
If, at the end of the minimum on-time, the cell voltage is
still below the BATT regulation voltage, the switch
remains on until the cell voltage reaches the BATT reg-
ulation voltage. At that point, the P-channel MOSFET
then switches off for at least the minimum off-time. The
minimum on-time is set by CT and should be set below
the electrochemical time constant of the cell. A CCT
value of 0.33µF sets a minimum on-time of 165ms,
which is adequate for most Li+ batteries.
Once the switch turns off, it remains off for at least the
minimum off-time. After the minimum off-time, the P-
channel MOSFET turns on if the cell voltage is lower
than the BATT regulation voltage. A CCTvalue of
0.33µF sets a minimum off-time of 33ms.
At the beginning of the pulsed top-off state, charge cur-
rent is modulated at approximately an 83% duty cycle.
Toward the end of top-off, charge current stays off for
long periods of time between single “on” pulses. During
these final pulses, the instantaneous cell voltage may
exceed the BATT regulation voltage by several hun-
dred millivolts, but these pulses are orders of magni-
tude shorter than the electrochemical time constant of
the Li+ cell and do no harm. Pulsed top-off charge
ends when the cell voltage no longer falls below the
BATT regulation voltage. Figure 2 shows the state
machine.
Selecting External Components
Input Power Supply

One reason the MAX1736 Li+ charger is so compact
and simple is that the charging current is set by the
external power source, not by the MAX1736. The P-
channel MOSFET in Figure 3’s application circuit is
either on or off, allowing the source to be directly con-
nected to the cell or disconnected. Therefore, it is
important to choose a power supply with the correct
current limit for the cell to be charged. In most applica-
tions, this will be a small wall cube with an open-circuit
output voltage of 5V to 12V, which is specified as “cur-
rent limited” or “constant current.”
Some low-cost wall cubes may have poor transient
characteristics. For these wall cubes, output current
may exceed the specified current limit by several times
when the load is quickly connected. The MAX1736 lim-
its this current peak by controlling the slew rate of the
P-channel MOSFET. See CCTand CGATEfor more
information.
PMOS Switch

The P-channel MOSFET switches the current-limited
source on and off. Because of the intentionally slow
switching times and limited slew rate, the MAX1736 is
not particular about the power FET it drives.Spec-
ifications to consider when choosing an appropriate
MAX1736
SOT23, Single-Cell Li+ Battery Charger
for Current-Limited Supply
IN
GATE
6mA
4.2V (4.1V)
REF
GND
0.4V
1.4V
10μA
2μA
350k
VBATT + 100mV
STATE
MACHINE
BATT
MAX1736EUT42
(MAX1736EUT41)
Figure 1. Functional Diagram
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