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MAX1678EUA+T |MAX1678EUATMAXIMN/a1014avai1 Cell to 2 Cell, Low-Noise, High-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC Converter
MAX1678EUA+TMAXN/a5300avai1 Cell to 2 Cell, Low-Noise, High-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC Converter


MAX1678EUA+T ,1 Cell to 2 Cell, Low-Noise, High-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC ConverterELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = V = 1.3V, I = 0, FB = GND, T = 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. ..
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MAX4450EXK-T ,Ultra-Small / Low-Cost / 210MHz / Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail Outputs
MAX4452EUK+T ,Low-Cost, +3V/+5V, 620µA, 200MHz, Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail OutputsApplicationsM A X43 5 2 E X K-T - 40° C to + 85° C 5 SC 70- 5 ABJM AX 4352E U K-T - 40° C to + ..
MAX4452EUK+T ,Low-Cost, +3V/+5V, 620µA, 200MHz, Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail OutputsELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = +5V, V = V /2 - 0.75V, V = 0, R = ∞ to V /2, V = V /2, T = T to T , ..
MAX4452EXK+ ,Low-Cost, +3V/+5V, 620µA, 200MHz, Single-Supply Op Amps with Rail-to-Rail OutputsMAX4452/MAX4453/MAX4454/MAX4352/MAX4353/MAX435419-1824; Rev 1; 1/05Low-Cost, +3V/+5V, 620µA, 200MHz ..


MAX1678EUA+T
1 Cell to 2 Cell, Low-Noise, High-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC Converter
General Description
The MAX1678 is a high-efficiency, low-voltage, syn-
chronous-rectified, step-up DC-DC converter intended
for use in devices powered by 1 to 3-cell alkaline,
NiMH, or NiCd batteries or a 1-cell lithium battery. It
guarantees a 0.87V start-up voltage and features a low
37μA quiescent supply current.
The device includes a 1Ω, N-channel MOSFET power
switch, a synchronous rectifier that acts as the catch
diode, a reference, pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM)
control circuitry, and circuitry to reduce inductor ring-
ing—all in an ultra-small, 1.1mm-high μMAX package.
The output voltage is preset to 3.3V or can be adjusted
from +2V to +5.5V using only two resistors. Efficiencies
up to 90% are achieved for loads up to 50mA. The
device also features an independent undervoltage
comparator (PFI/PFO) and a logic-controlled 2μA shut-
down mode.
Applications

Pagers
Remote Controls
Pointing Devices
Personal Medical Monitors
Single-Cell Battery-Powered Devices
Features
0.87V Guaranteed Start-UpUp to 90% EfficiencyBuilt-In Synchronous Rectifier (no external diode)Ultra-Small μMAX Package, 1.1mm High37μA Quiescent Current (85μA from 1.5V battery)2μA Logic-Controlled ShutdownPower-Fail DetectorDual Mode™Output:Fixed 3.3V
Adjustable 2V to 5.5V
45mA Output Current at 3.3V for 1-Cell Input90mA Output Current at 3.3V for 2-Cell InputInductor-Damping Switch Suppresses EMI-Cell to 2-Cell, Low-Noise, igh-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC Converter
OUT
GNDSHDN
PFO
PFI
BATT
MAX1678MAX
TOP VIEW
OUT
OUTPUT
3.3V
INPUT
0.87V TO VOUT
LOW-BATTERY
DETECTOR INPUT
LOW-BATTERY
DETECTOR OUTPUT
OFF
PFO
BATT
MAX1678
SHDN
PFI
GNDFB
Typical Operating Circuit

19-1381; Rev 0; 7/98
PART

MAX1678EUA-40°C to +85°C
TEMP. RANGEPIN-PACKAGE

8 μMAX
EVALUATION KITAVAILABLE

Note: To order these devices shipped in tape-and-reel, add a -T
to the part number.
Pin Configuration
Ordering Information

Dual Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
-Cell to 2-Cell, Low-Noise, igh-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC ConverterABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VBATT= VSHDN= 1.3V, ILOAD= 0, FB = GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Note 1:
The reverse battery current is measured from the Typical Operating Circuit’sinput terminal to GND when the battery is con-
nected backward. A reverse current of 220mA will not exceed package dissipation limits but, if left for an extended time
(more than 10 minutes), may degrade performance.
BATT, OUT,LX, SHDNto GND..............................-0.3V to +6.0V
OUT, LX Current.......................................................................1A
FB, PFI, PFO to GND................................-0.3V to (VOUT + 0.3V)
Reverse Battery Current (TA= +25°C) (Note 1)...............220mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
μMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C).......................330mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +165°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°C
VPFI= 650mV, VPFO= 6V= 3kΩ, TA= +25°C
VPFI= 0, VOUT= 3.3V, ISINK= 1mA
VPFI= 650mV
Falling PFI hysteresis 2%
VFB= 1.3V
ILOAD= 20mA, VBATT= 2.5V (Figure 7)
VBATT= 1V
IDIODE= 100mA, P-channel switch off
VOUT= 3.5V
VOUT= 3.3V
VOUT= 3.3V
VFB< 0.1V
External feedback
VOUT= 3.5V
External feedback
0.9V < VBATT< 3.3V (tON= K / VBATT)
CONDITIONS
0.8 x VBATTVIHSHDNInput High Voltage0.2 x VBATTVILSHDNInput Low Voltage0.011PFO Leakage Current0.040.4VOLPFO Low Output Voltage0.110PFI Input Current590614632VIL,PFIPFI Trip Voltage0.110FB Input Current90hEfficiency23.5ISHDN,BATTShutdown Current into BATT0.11ISHDN,OUTShutdown Current into OUT48IQ,BATTQuiescent Current into BATT3765IQ,OUTQuiescent Current into OUT
V-μs5.60811.2KOn-Time Constant0.87Start-Up Voltage (Note 2)5.5VBATT(MAX)0.7VBATT(MIN)Minimum Operating Input
Voltage
Maximum Operating Input
Voltage550ILX(MAX)Maximum Peak LX Current0.8P-Channel Catch Diode Voltage1.52.2P-Channel On-Resistance11.5N-Channel On-Resistance
mV/°C-2Start-Up Voltage Tempco3.163.33.44VOUTOutput Voltage (Fixed Mode)2.05.5Output Voltage Range
(Adjustable Mode)1.191.231.26VFBFB Set Voltage
UNITSMINTYPMAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

SHDN= GND or BATTnA0.110SHDNInput Current
-Cell to 2-Cell, Low-Noiseigh-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC ConverterELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VBATT= VSHDN= 1.3V, ILOAD= 0, FB = GND, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3)
VPFI= 650mV, VPFO= 6V
VPFI= 0, VOUT= 3.3V, ISINK= 1mA
VPFI= 650mV
Falling PFI hysteresis 2%
VFB= 1.3V
VBATT= 1V
VOUT= 3.5V
VOUT= 3.3V
VOUT= 3.3V
VFB< 0.1V
External feedback
VOUT= 3.5V
External feedback
0.9V < VBATT< 3.3V (tON= K / VBATT)
CONDITIONS
0.8 x VBATTVIHSHDNInput High Voltage0.2 x VBATTVILSHDNInput Low Voltage1PFO Leakage Current0.4VOLPFO Low Output Voltage10PFI Input Current580642VIL,PFIPFI Trip Voltage10FB Input Current3.5ISHDN,BATTShutdown Current into BATT1ISHDN,OUTShutdown Current into OUT8IQ,BATTQuiescent Current into BATT65IQ,OUTQuiescent Current into OUT
V-μs5.6011.2KOn-Time Constant5.5VBATT(MAX)Maximum Operating Input
Voltage2.2P-Channel On-Resistance1.5N-Channel On-Resistance3.123.48VOUTOutput Voltage (Fixed Mode)2.05.5Output Voltage Range
(Adjustable Mode)1.171.28VFBFB Set Voltage
UNITSMINMAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

SHDN= GND or BATTnA10SHDNInput Current
Note 2:
Start-up is guaranteed by correlation to measurements of device parameters (i.e., switch on-resistance, on-time, off-time,
and output voltage trip point).
Note 3:
Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and not production tested.
-Cell to 2-Cell, Low-Noise, igh-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC ConverterTypical Operating Characteristics
(Circuit of Figure 7 (Fixed Mode, 3.3V) or Figure 8 (Adjustable Mode), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 2.4V, L1 = 22mH)
AX1678-01
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 2.0V
VIN = 1.5V
L1 = 22mH
SUMIDA CD43-220
R1 = 200kW, R2 = 200kW
VIN = 1.2VVIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 2.4V, L1 = SUMIDA 47mH)
MAX1678-02
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 2.0VVIN = 1.5V
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
R1 = 200kW, R2 = 200kW
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 2.4V, L1 = TDK 47mH)
AX1678-03
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 2.0VVIN = 1.5V
L1 = 47mH
TDK NLC453232T-470K
R1 = 200kW, R2 = 200kW
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 3.3V, L1 = 22mH)
MAX1678-04
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 2.5V
VIN = 2.0V
L1 = 22mH
SUMIDA CD43-220
FB = GND
VIN = 1.5V
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 5.0V, L1 = 22mH)
AX1678-07
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 4.5V
VIN = 2.0V
L1 = 22mH
SUMIDA CD43-220
R1 = 619kW, R2 = 200kW
VIN = 3.0V
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 3.3V, L1 = SUMIDA 47mH)
AX1678-05
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 2.5V
VIN = 2.0V
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
FB = GND
VIN = 1.5V
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 3.3V, L1 = TDK 47mH)
MAX1678-06
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 2.5VVIN = 2.0V
L1 = 47mH
TDK NLC453232T-470K
FB = GND
VIN = 1.5V
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 5.0V, L1 = SUMIDA 47mH)
MAX1678-08
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 4.5V
VIN = 3.0V
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
R1 = 619kW, R2 = 200kW
VIN = 2.0V
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
(VOUT = 5.0V, L1 = TDK 47mH)
AX1678-09
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
(%
VIN = 4.5V
VIN = 3.0V
L1 = 47mH
TDK NLC453232-470K
R1 = 619kW, R2 = 200kW
VIN = 2.0V
VIN = 1.2V
VIN = 0.85V
-Cell to 2-Cell, Low-Noiseigh-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC ConverterCOILCRAFT
EFFICIENCY WITH DIFFERENT INDUCTORS

T-4
T-2
AX1678-10
(%
VBATT = 1.2V
VOUT = 3.3V
ILOAD = 20mA
SUMIDAMURATATDK
NO-LOAD BATTERY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
AX1678-11
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m
VOUT = 5.0V
R1 = 3MW, R2 = 1MW
VOUT = 3.0V
FB = GND
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
VOUT = 2.4V
R1 = 1MW, R2 = 1MW
BATT AND OUT QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
AX1678-12
TEMPERATURE (°C)
(m-2080604020
VBATT = 1.3V
VOUT = 3.6V
FB = GNDIOUT
IBATT6
SHUTDOWN BATTERY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX1678-13
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m1543
3.3V FIXED MODE
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
MAXIMUM LOAD CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
(L1 = 22mH)
MAX1678-16
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m
L1 = 22mH
SUMIDA CD43-220
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 2.4V
ON-TIME CONSTANT (K)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1678-14
TEMPERATURE (°C)
(V-2080604020
VBATT = 1.3V
MINIMUM START-UP INPUT VOLTAGE
vs. LOAD CURRENT
AX1678-15
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
IN
(V530252015
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
3.3V FIXED MODE
WITH EXTERNAL
SCHOTTKY DIODE
(FIGURE 3)
WITHOUT
DIODE
MAXIMUM LOAD CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
(L1 = SUMIDA 47mH)
AX1678-17
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m
L1 = 47mH
SUMIDA CD43-470
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 2.4V
MAXIMUM LOAD CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
(L1 = TDK 47mH)
AX1678-18
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m
L1 = 47mH
TDK NLC453232T-470K
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 2.4V
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 7 (Fixed Mode, 3.3V) or Figure 8 (Adjustable Mode), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
-Cell to 2-Cell, Low-Noise, igh-Efficiency, Step-Up DC-DC ConverterSWITCHING WAVEFORM
AX1678-19
VOUT = 3.3V, VBATT = 1.2V, ILOAD = 10mA, COUT = 10mF,
L1 = SUMIDA CD43-470
A: LX, 2V/div B: VOUT, 50mV/div AC COUPLED
C: INDUCTOR CURRENT, 100mA/divs/div
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 7 (Fixed Mode, 3.3V) or Figure 8 (Adjustable Mode), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Pin Description
PIN

Battery-Power InputBATT1
FUNCTIONNAME

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

AX1678-20
VOUT = 3.3V, VBATT = 1.2V, COUT = 10mF,
L1 = SUMIDA CD43-470,
A: VOUT, 50mV/div, AC COUPLED B: INDUCTOR CURRENT,
C: LOAD, 2mA to 12mA 100mA/div
100ms/div
LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX1678-21
VOUT = 3.3V, VBATT = 1.2V, ILOAD = 10mA, COUT = 10mF,
L1 = SUMIDA CD43-470
A: VOUT, 50mV/div, AC COUPLED B: VIN, 1V/div, 1.2V to 2.2V
200ms/div
POWER-UP RESPONSE

MAX1678-22
VOUT = 3.3V, VBATT = 1.2V, ILOAD = 10mA, COUT = 10mF,
L1 = SUMIDA CD43-470
A: VOUT, 1V/div B: INDUCTOR CURRENT, 100mA/div
C: SHDN, 5V/div
100ms/div
Power-Fail Input. When the voltage at PFI is below 614mV, PFO sinks current.PFI2
Active-Low Shutdown. Connect SHDNto BATT for normal operation.SHDN4
Open-Drain Power-Fail Output. PFO sinks current when PFI is below 614mV.PFO3
GroundGND6
Power Output and IC Power Input (bootstrapped). OUT is the feedback input for 3.3V operation. Connect
the filter capacitor close to OUT.OUT8
N-Channel MOSFET Switch Drain and P-Channel Synchronous-Rectifier DrainLX7
Dual-Mode Feedback Input. Connect FB to GND for fixed-output operation (3.3V). Connect FB to a feed-
back-resistor network for adjustable output voltage operation (2V to 5.5V). FB regulates to 1.23V.FB5
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