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MAX1549ETL+ |MAX1549ETLMAXIMN/a85avaiDual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
MAX1549ETL+TMAXIMN/a13avaiDual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
MAX1549ETL+T |MAX1549ETLTMAXN/a803avaiDual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output


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MAX1549ETL+-MAX1549ETL+T
Dual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
General Description
The MAX1549 dual pulse-width modulation (PWM) step-
down controller provides the high efficiency, excellent
transient response, and high DC-output accuracy nec-
essary for generating low-voltage chipset and RAM
power supplies in notebook computers. The controller
employs a fixed-frequency, current-mode PWM archi-
tecture that does not require complex compensation.
The MAX1549 also interleaves the dual step-down regu-
lators, minimizing the input capacitor requirements.
The MAX1549 features differential current-sense inputs
for accurately sensing the inductor current across an
external current-sense resistor in series with the output
to ensure reliable overload protection. Alternatively, the
controller can provide overload protection using loss-
less inductor current-sensing methods, lowering power
dissipation and reducing system cost.
Single-stage buck conversion allows the MAX1549 to
directly step down high-voltage batteries for the highest
possible efficiency. Very low output-voltage applica-
tions require two-stage conversion—stepping down
from another system supply rail instead of the battery.
The MAX1549 powers chipsets and graphics processor
cores that require dynamically adjustable output voltages,
or generates the active termination bus that must track
the input reference. The main step-down controller
(OUT1) regulates the dedicated reference input (REFIN)
voltage generated by a resistive voltage-divider from the
MAX1549’s reference. The MAX1549 also includes inter-
nal open-drain pulldowns with logic-level control inputs to
dynamically adjust the REFIN resistive-divider ratio. When
a transition occurs on these control inputs, the controller
enters forced-PWM mode and blanks the power-good
(PGOOD1) output and output fault protection. OUT2 uses
a Dual-Mode™ feedback input to provide either fixed
2.5V/1.8V or adjustable output voltage regulation. The
MAX1549 is available in a 40-pin, 6mm x 6mm thin QFN
package.
Applications

Notebook Computers
Dynamically Adjustable Chipset Supplies
Video/GPU Core Supplies
DDR Memory Termination
CPU Core or VCCSupplies
Fixed Chipset/RAM Supplies
Active Termination Buses
Features
Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency, Current-Mode
Control Architecture
1% VOUTAccuracy Over Line and LoadMain Output (OUT1)
0.5V to 2.0V Adjustable Output
External Reference Input for Dynamically
Selectable Output Voltages
Four Digitally Selectable Output Voltages
Power-Good and Fault Blanking During
Transitions
Second Output (OUT2)
2.5V/1.8V Fixed or 0.5V to 2.7V Adjustable
Output
Accurate Differential Current-Sense Inputs100kHz/200kHz/300kHz/400kHz Selectable
Switching Frequency
Output Overvoltage/Undervoltage ProtectionSoft-Start and Soft-ShutdownDrives Large Synchronous-Rectifier FETs2V ±0.6% Reference OutputSeparate Enable Inputs with Accurate Threshold
Voltages
Separate Power-Good Window Comparators
MAX1549
Dual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down
Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
363738392016171213141532333435
FBLANK
ON1
REFIN
MAX1549
THIN QFN

TOP VIEW
OD3OD2OD1CSH1CSL1OUT1PGOOD1DH1N.C.
FSEL
CSH2
ON2FB2
CSL2
PGOOD2
OUT2
N.C.DH2
LX1
BST1
SKIP
DL1
VDD
N.C.
DL2
PGND
BST2
LX2
ILIM2
ILIM1
CC1
VCC
REF
N.C.
GND
Pin Configuration
Ordering Information

19-3165; Rev 1; 5/06
EVALUATION KIT
AVAILABLE
PARTTEMP RANGEPIN-PACKAGE

MAX1549ETL-40°C to +85°C40 Thin QFN 6mm x 6mm
MAX1549
Dual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down
Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(Circuit of Figure1, VCC= VDD= 5V, SKIP= GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCCto GND..............................................................-0.3V to +6V
VDDto PGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V
CSH_, CSL_, OUT_, PGOOD_,
OD_ to GND...........................................-0.3V to (VCC+ 0.3V)
G0, G1, ILIM_, REFIN to GND..................................-0.3V to +6V
FB2, SKIP, ON_ to GND...........................................-0.3V to +6V
REF, CC1, FBLANK, FSEL to GND.............-0.3V to (VCC+ 0.3V)
DL1, DL2 to PGND.....................................-0.3V to (VDD+ 0.3V)
BST1, BST2 to PGND.............................................-0.3V to +36V
LX1 to BST1..............................................................-6V to +0.3V
DH1 to LX1..............................................-0.3V to (VBST1 + 0.3V)
LX2 to BST2..............................................................-6V to +0.3V
DH2 to LX2..............................................-0.3V to (VBST2 + 0.3V)
GND to PGND.......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
REF Short Circuit to GND...........................................Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
40-Pin 6mm x 6mm Thin QFN (derated 26.3mW/°C
above +70°C).............................................................2105mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
INPUT SUPPLIES (Note 1)

Input Voltage RangeVBIASVCC, VDD4.55.5V
Quiescent Supply Current (VCC)ICCOUT1 and FB2 forced above their
regulation points1.01.8mA
Quiescent Supply Current (VDD)IDDOUT1 and FB2 forced above their
regulation points1.55µA
Shutdown Supply Current (VCC)ON1 = ON2 = GND, SKIP = VCC2.55µA
Shutdown Supply Current (VDD)ON1 = ON2 = GND<15µA
PWM CONTROLLERS

50% duty cycle-50+5
Main Output-Voltage Accuracy
(OUT1 Tracking)
VREFIN -
VOUT1
With respect to
REFIN, SKIP =
VCC or GND10% to 90% duty cycle-10+10
FB2 = GND2.4752.52.525Secondary Preset Output-Voltage
Accuracy (OUT2 Fixed)VOUT2SKIP = VCC, 50%
duty cycle (Note 1)FB2 = VCC1.7801.81.820V
50% duty cycle0.4900.500.510Secondary Feedback-Voltage
Accuracy (FB2 Adjustable)VFB2SKIP = VCC
(Note 1)10% to 90% duty cycle0.4850.515V
Load-Regulation ErrorILOAD = 0 to 3A, SKIP = VCC0.1%
VIN Line-Regulation ErrorVIN = 2V to 28V1%
OUT1 (tracks REFIN)0.52.0Output Adjust RangeOUT20.52.7V
OUT1 Input Bias CurrentIOUT1VOUT1 = 0.5V to 2.0V-1+1µA
FB2 Input Bias CurrentIFB2VFB2 = 0 to 2.7V-0.1+0.1µA
FB2 = GND or adjustable120250460OUT2 Input ResistanceROUT2FB2 = VCC85180335kΩ
MAX1549
Dual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down
Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(Circuit of Figure1, VCC= VDD= 5V, SKIP= GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

OUT_ Discharge-Mode
On-ResistanceRDISCHARGE1240Ω
OUT_ Synchronous-Rectifier
Discharge-Mode Turn-On Level0.20.30.4V
FSEL = GND70100130
FSEL = REF170200230
FSEL = open270300330Operating FrequencyfOSC(Note 2)
FSEL = VCC350400450
kHz
Minimum On-TimetON(MIN)(Note 3)200ns
Maximum Duty CycleDMAX9193%
Soft-Start Ramp TimetSSMeasured from the rising edge of ON_ to
full scale
512 /
fOSCs
REFERENCE (REF)

TA = +25°C1.9882.002.012Reference VoltageVREFVCC = 4.5V to
5.5V, IREF = 0TA = 0°C to +85°C1.9852.002.015V
Reference Load Regulation∆VREFIREF = -10µA to +100µA1.9802.020V
REF Lockout VoltageVREF(UVLO)Rising edge, hysteresis = 350mV1.95V
REFIN Voltage RangeVREFIN0.52.0V
REFIN Input Bias CurrentIREFIN-50+50nA
FAULT DETECTION

Output Overvoltage
Trip ThresholdWith respect to error-comparator threshold1214.517%
Output Overvoltage
Fault-Propagation DelaytOVPOUT1 and FB2 forced 2% above trip
threshold10µs
Output Undervoltage-Protection
Trip ThresholdWith respect to error-comparator threshold657075%
Output Undervoltage-Protection
Blanking TimetBLANKFrom rising edge of ON_4096 /
fOSCs
Output Undervoltage
Fault-Propagation DelaytUVP10µs
PGOOD_ Lower Trip ThresholdWith respect to error-comparator threshold,
hysteresis = 1%-12.5-10-7.5%
PGOOD_ Upper Trip ThresholdWith respect to error-comparator threshold,
hysteresis = 1%+7.5+10+12.5%
PGOOD_ Propagation DelaytPGOOD_OUT1 and FB2 forced 2% beyond PGOOD_
trip threshold10µs
PGOOD_ Output Low VoltageISINK = 4mA0.3V
PGOOD_ Leakage CurrentIPGOOD_OUT1 = REFIN and VFB2 = 0.5V (PGOOD_
high impedance), PGOOD_ forced to 5.5V1µA
MAX1549
Dual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down
Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(Circuit of Figure1, VCC= VDD= 5V, SKIP= GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

FBLANK = VCC110150190
FBLANK = open60100140Fault-Blanking TimetFBLANK
FBLANK = REF225075
Thermal-Shutdown ThresholdTSHDNHysteresis = 15°C+165°C
VCC Undervoltage-Lockout
ThresholdVCC(UVLO)Rising edge, PWM disabled below this
level, hysteresis = 50mV4.14.254.4V
CURRENT LIMIT

ILIM_ Adjustment Range0.25VREFV
Current-Limit Input RangeVCSH_, VCSL _02.7V
CSH_/CSL_ Input Bias CurrentVCSH_ = VCSL _ = 0 to 2.7V-0.15+0.15µA
Current-Limit Threshold (Fixed)VLIMITVCSH_ - VCSL _, ILIM_ = VCC657075mV
VILIM_ = 2.0V170200230
VILIM_ = 1.0V91100109Current-Limit Threshold
(Adjustable)VLIMITVCSH_ - VCSL _
VILIM_ = 0.5V425058
Current-Limit Threshold
(Zero Crossing)VZXVPGND - VLX_, SKIP = GND3mV
ILIM_ = VCC101520mV
Idle-Mode™ ThresholdVCSH_ - VCSL _With respect to
current-limit
threshold%
ILIM_ Leakage Current-0.1+0.1µA
GATE DRIVERS

DH_ Gate-Driver On-ResistanceRDHBST_ - LX_ forced to 5V1.56Ω
DL_, high state1.56DL_ Gate-Driver On-ResistanceRDLDL_, low state0.52.7Ω
DH_ Gate-Driver Source/Sink
CurrentIDHDH_ forced to 2.5V, BST_ - LX_ forced to 5V1A
DL_ Gate-Driver Source CurrentIDL (SOURCE)DL_ forced to 2.5V1A
DL_ Gate-Driver Sink CurrentIDL (SINK)DL_ forced to 2.5V3A
DL_ rising35Dead TimetDEADDH_ rising26ns
INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

OD_ On-ResistanceROD_10100Ω
OD_ Leakage CurrentIOD_OD_ high impedance, VOD_ = 5.5V100nA
ON_ Logic Input ThresholdRising edge, hysteresis = 600mV2.42.62.8V
High2.4Logic Input VoltageSKIP, G0, G1 hysteresis =
600mVLow0.8V
Idle Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX1549
Dual, Interleaved, Fixed-Frequency Step-Down
Controller with a Dynamically Adjustable Output
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(Circuit of Figure1, VCC= VDD= 5V, SKIP= GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Logic Input CurrentON_, SKIP, G0, G1-1+1µA
High1.92.02.1Dual-Mode Threshold VoltageFB2Low0.050.10.15V
HighVCC -
0.4V
Open3.153.85
REF1.652.35
Four-Level Input Logic LevelsFSEL, FBLANK
Low0.5
Four-Level Logic Input CurrentFSEL, FBLANK forced to GND or VCC-3+3µA
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(Circuit of Figure1, VCC= VDD= 5V, SKIP= GND, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 4)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINMAXUNITS
INPUT SUPPLIES (Note 1)

Input Voltage RangeVBIASVCC, VDD4.55.5V
Quiescent Supply Current (VCC)ICCOUT1 and FB2 forced above their
regulation points1.8mA
Quiescent Supply Current (VDD)IDDOUT1 and FB2 forced above their
regulation points5µA
Shutdown Supply Current (VCC)ON1 = ON2 = GND, SKIP = VCC5µA
Shutdown Supply Current (VDD)ON1 = ON2 = GND5µA
PWM CONTROLLERS

50% duty cycle-8+8Main Output-Voltage Accuracy
(OUT1 Tracking)
VREFIN -
VOUT1
With respect to
REFIN, SKIP = VCC
or GND10% to 90% duty cycle-10+10
FB2 = GND2.4702.530Secondary Preset Output-Voltage
Accuracy (OUT2 Fixed)VOUT2SKIP = VCC, 50%
duty cycle (Note 1)FB2 = VCC1.7751.825V
50% duty cycle0.4900.510Secondary Feedback-Voltage
Accuracy (FB2 Adjustable)VFB2SKIP = VCC
(Note 1)10% to 90% duty cycle0.4850.515V
OUT1 (tracks REFIN)0.52.0Output Adjust RangeOUT20.52.7V
FB2 = GND or adjustable120460OUT2 Input ResistanceROUT2FB2 = VCC85335kΩ
OUT_ Discharge-Mode
On-ResistanceRDISCHARGE40Ω
OUT_ Synchronous-Rectifier
Discharge-Mode Turn-On Level0.20.4V
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