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MAX1177ACUP+ |MAX1177ACUPMAXIMN/a4avai16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC with 0 to 10V Input Range
MAX1177AEUP+ |MAX1177AEUPMAXIMN/a100avai16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC with 0 to 10V Input Range


MAX1177AEUP+ ,16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC with 0 to 10V Input Rangefeatures a separate digital supply input for direct♦ ±3 LSB INL interface with +2.7V to +5.25V digi ..
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MAX1178AEUP ,16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADCs with Bipolar Analog Input RangeELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(AV = DV = +5V ±5%, external reference = +4.096V, C = 10µF, C = 0.1µF, V ..
MAX1178AEUP+ ,16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADCs with Bipolar Analog Input RangeELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(AV = DV = +5V ±5%, external reference = +4.096V, C = 10µF, C = 0.1µF, V ..
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MAX1177ACUP+-MAX1177AEUP+
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC with 0 to 10V Input Range
General Description
The MAX1177 is a 16-bit, low-power, successive-
approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC) featur-
ing automatic power-down, a factory-trimmed internal
clock, and a byte-wide parallel interface. The device
operates from a single +4.75V to +5.25V analog supply
and features a separate digital supply input for direct
interface with +2.7V to +5.25V digital logic.
The MAX1177 accepts an analog input voltage range
from 0 to +10V. It consumes no more than 26.5mW at a
sampling rate of 135ksps when using an external refer-
ence, and 31mW when using the internal +4.096V refer-
ence. AutoShutdown™ reduces supply current to
0.4mA at 10ksps.
The MAX1177 is ideal for high-performance, battery-
powered, data-acquisition applications. Excellent AC
performance (THD = -100dB) and DC accuracy (±3
LSB INL) make this device ideal for industrial process
control, instrumentation, and medical applications.
The MAX1177 is available in a 20-pin TSSOP package
and is fully specified over the -40°C to +85°C extended
temperature range and the 0°C to +70°C commercial
temperature range.
Applications

Temperature Sensing and Monitoring
Industrial Process Control
I/O Modules
Data-Acquisition Systems
Precision Instrumentation
Features
Byte-Wide Parallel InterfaceAnalog Input Voltage Range: 0 to +10VSingle +4.75V to +5.25V Analog Supply VoltageInterfaces with +2.7V to +5.25V Digital Logic±3 LSB INL ±1 LSB DNL Low Supply Current (max)
2.9mA (External Reference)
3.8mA (Internal Reference)
5µA AutoShutdown Mode
Small Footprint20-Pin TSSOP Package
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with 0 to 10V Input Range

D0–D7
D8–D15
μP DATA
BUS
AVDDDVDD
AGNDDGND
+5V ANALOG+5V DIGITAL
ANALOG INPUTAIN
HBEN
EOC
R/CREF
REFADJ
HIGH
BYTE
LOW
BYTE
10μF0.1μF
0.1μF0.1μF
MAX1177ypical Operating Circuit
19-2957; Rev 0; 8/03
AutoShutdown is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Ordering Information
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX1177ACUP 0°C to +70°C20 TSSOP
MAX1177BCUP 0°C to +70°C20 TSSOP
MAX1177CCUP 0°C to +70°C20 TSSOP
MAX1177AEUP-40°C to +85°C20 TSSOP
MAX1177BEUP-40°C to +85°C20 TSSOP
MAX1177CEUP-40°C to +85°C20 TSSOP
Pin Configuration and Functional Diagram appear at end of
data sheet.
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with to 10V Input Range
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
AVDDto AGND.........................................................-0.3V to +6V
DVDDto DGND.........................................................-0.3V to +6V
AGND to DGND.....................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
AIN to AGND.....................................................-16.5V to +16.5V
REF, REFADJ to AGND............................-0.3V to (AVDD+ 0.3V)
CS, R/C, HBEN to DGND.........................................-0.3V to +6V
D_, EOCto DGND...................................-0.3V to (DVDD+ 0.3V)
Maximum Continuous Current into Any Pin........................50mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
TSSOP (derate 10.9mW/°C above +70°C)..................879mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX1177_CUP...................................................0°C to +70°C
MAX1177_EUP................................................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(AVDD= DVDD= +5V ±5%, external reference = +4.096V, CREF= 10µF, CREFADJ= 0.1µF, VREFADJ= AVDD, TA= TMINto TMAX,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
DC ACCURACY

ResolutionRES16Bits
MAX1177A-1+1
MAX1177B-1.0+1.5Differential NonlinearityDNLNo missing codes
over temperature
MAX1177C-1+2
LSB
MAX1177A-3+3
MAX1177B-3+3Integral NonlinearityINL
MAX1177C-4+4
LSB
RMS noise, external reference0.6Transition NoiseInternal reference0.75LSBRMS
Offset Error-100+10mV
Gain Error0±0.2%FSR
Offset Drift16µV/°C
Gain Drift±1ppm/°C
AC ACCURACY (fIN = 1kHz, VAIN = full range, 135ksps)

Signal-to-Noise Plus DistortionSINAD8590dB
Signal-to-Noise RatioSNR8691dB
Total Harmonic DistortionTHD-100-92dB
Spurious-Free Dynamic RangeSFDR92103dB
ANALOG INPUT

Input RangeVAIN010V
Normal operation5.36.99.2Input ResistanceRAINShutdown mode5.3kΩ
Input CurrentIAIN0 ≤ VAIN ≤ +10V-0.1+2.0mA
Input CapacitanceCIN10pF
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with 0 to 10V Input Range
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(AVDD= DVDD= +5V ±5%, external reference = +4.096V, CREF= 10µF, CREFADJ= 0.1µF, VREFADJ= AVDD, TA= TMINto TMAX,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
INTERNAL REFERENCE

REF Output VoltageVREF4.0564.0964.136V
REF Output Tempco±35ppm/°C
REF Short-Circuit CurrentIREF-SC±10mA
EXTERNAL REFERENCE

REF and REFADJ Input-Voltage
Range3.84.2V
REFADJ Buffer-Disable ThresholdAVDD -
AVDD -
0.1V
Normal mode, fSAMPLE = 135ksps60100REF Input CurrentIREFShutdown mode (Note 1)±0.1±10µA
REFADJ Input CurrentIREFADJREFADJ = AVDD16µA
DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS

Output High VoltageVOHISOURCE = 0.5mA, DVDD = +2.7V to +5.25V,
AVDD = +5.25V
DVDD -
0.4V
Output Low VoltageVOLISINK = 1.6mA, DVDD = +2.7V to +5.25V,
AVDD = +5.25V0.4V
Input High VoltageVIH0.7 ×
DVDDV
Input Low VoltageVIL0.3 ×
DVDDV
Input Leakage CurrentDigital input = DVDD or 0V-1+1µA
Input HysteresisVHYST0.2V
Input CapacitanceCIN15pF
Tri-State Output LeakageIOZ±10µA
Tri-State Output CapacitanceCOZ15pF
POWER SUPPLIES

Analog Supply VoltageAVDD4.755.25V
Digital Supply VoltageDVDD2.705.25V
External reference, 135ksps2.9Analog Supply CurrentIAVDDInternal reference, 135ksps3.8mA
Shutdown mode (Note 1), digital input =
DVDD or 0V0.55µAShutdown Supply CurrentISHDN
Standby mode3.7mA
Digital Supply CurrentIDVDD0.75mA
Power-Supply RejectionAVDD = DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V3.5LSB
INL vs. CODE
MAX1177 toc01
CODE
INL (LSB)
57,34440,96024,5768192
DNL vs. CODE

MAX1177 toc02
DNL (LSB)20,00010,00040,00050,00060,00030,000
CODE
SUPPLY CURRENT (AVDD + DVDD)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1177 toc03
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
5.25V
4.75V
fSAMPLE = 135ksps
SHUTDOWN MODE
BETWEEN CONVERSIONS
5.0V
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with to 10V Input Range
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (Figures 1 and 2)

(AVDD= +4.75V to +5.25V, DVDD= +2.7V to AVDD, external reference = +4.096V, CREF= 10µF, CREFADJ= 0.1µF, VREFADJ= AVDD,
CLOAD= 20pF, TA= TMINto TMAX.)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Maximum Sampling RatefSAMPLE-MAX135ksps
Acquisition TimetACQ2µs
Conversion TimetCONV4.7µs
CS Pulse-Width HightCSH(Note 2)40ns
DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V40CS Pulse-Width Low (Note 2)tCSLDVDD = 2.7V to 5.25V60ns
R/C to CS Fall Setup TimetDS0ns
DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V40R/C to CS Fall Hold TimetDHDVDD = 2.7V to 5.25V60ns
DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V40CS to Output Data ValidtDODVDD = 2.7V to 5.25V80ns
EOC Fall to CS FalltDV0ns
DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V40CS Rise to EOC RisetEOCDVDD = 2.7V to 5.25V80ns
DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V40Bus Relinquish TimetBRDVDD = 2.7V to 5.25V80ns
DVDD = 4.75V to 5.25V40HBEN Transition to Output Data
ValidtDO1DVDD = 2.7V to 5.25V80ns
Note 1:
Maximum specification is limited by automated test equipment.
Note 2:
To ensure best performance, finish reading the data and wait tBRbefore starting a new acquisition.
Typical Operating Characteristics

(Typical Operating Circuit, AVDD= DVDD= +5V, external reference = +4.096V, CREF= 10µF, CREFADJ= 0.1µF, VREFADJ= AVDD,
CLOAD= 20pF. Typical values are at TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with 0 to 10V Input Range
SUPPLY CURRENT (AVDD + DVDD)
vs. SAMPLE RATE

MAX1177 toc04
SAMPLE RATE (ksps)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
STANDBY MODE
SHUTDOWN MODE
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (AVDD + DVDD)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1177 toc05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT (
NO CONVERSIONS
OFFSET ERROR vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1177 toc06
TEMPERATURE (°C)
OFFSET ERROR (mV)
GAIN ERROR vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1177 toc07
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GAIN ERROR (%FSR)
INTERNAL REFERENCE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1177 toc08
TEMPERATURE (°C)
INTERNAL REFERENCE (V)
FFT AT 1kHz
MAX1177 toc09
FREQUENCY (kHz)
MAGNITUDE (dB)
fSAMPLE = 131ksps
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Typical Operating Circuit, AVDD= DVDD= +5V, external reference = +4.096V, CREF= 10µF, CREFADJ= 0.1µF, VREFADJ= AVDD,
CLOAD= 20pF. Typical values are at TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SINAD vs. FREQUENCY

MAX1177 toc10
FREQUENCY (kHz)
SINAD (dB)
fSAMPLE = 131ksps
SFDR vs. FREQUENCY

MAX1177 toc11
FREQUENCY (kHz)
SFDR (dB)
fSAMPLE = 131ksps
THD vs. FREQUENCY

MAX1177 toc12
FREQUENCY (kHz)
THD (dB)
fSAMPLE = 131ksps
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with to 10V Input Range
Pin Description
PINNAMEFUNCTION
D4/D12Tri-State Digital-Data OutputD5/D13Tri-State Digital-Data OutputD6/D14Tri-State Digital-Data OutputD7/D15Tri-State Digital-Data Output. D15 is the MSB.
5R/C
Read/Convert Input. Power up and put the device in acquisition mode by holding R/C low during the
first falling edge of CS. During the second falling edge of CS, the level on R/C determines whether the
reference and reference buffer power down or remain on after conversion. Set R/C high during the
second falling edge of CS to power down the reference and buffer, or set R/C low to leave the
reference and buffer powered up. Set R/C high during the third falling edge of CS to put valid data on
the bus.EOCEnd of Conversion. EOC drives low when conversion is complete.
7AVDDAnalog Supply Input. Bypass with a 0.1µF capacitor to AGND.AGNDAnalog Ground. Primary analog ground (star ground).AINAnalog InputAGNDAnalog Ground. Connect pin 10 to pin 8.REFADJReference Buffer Output. Bypass REFADJ with a 0.1µF capacitor to AGND for internal reference
mode. Connect REFADJ to AVDD to select external reference mode.REFReference Input/Output. Bypass REF with a 10µF capacitor to AGND for internal reference mode.
External reference input when in external reference mode.HBEN
High-Byte Enable Input. Used to multiplex the 16-bit conversion result.
1: MSB available on the data bus.
0: LSB available on the data bus.CS
Convert Start. The first falling edge of CS powers up the device and enables acquire mode when R/C
is low. The second falling edge of CS starts the conversion. The third falling edge of CS loads the
result onto the bus when R/C is high.DGNDDigital GroundDVDDDigital Supply Voltage. Bypass with a 0.1µF capacitor to DGND.D0/D8Tri-State Digital-Data Output. D0 is the LSB.D1/D9Tri-State Digital-Data OutputD2/D10Tri-State Digital-Data OutputD3/D11Tri-State Digital-Data Output
Detailed Description
Converter Operation

The MAX1177 uses a successive-approximation (SAR)
conversion technique with an inherent track-and-hold
(T/H) stage to convert an analog input into a 16-bit digital
output. Parallel outputs provide a high-speed interface to
microprocessors (µPs). The Functional Diagramshows a
simplified internal architecture of the MAX1177. Figure 3
shows a typical operating circuit for the MAX1177.
Analog Input
Input Scaler

The MAX1177 has an input scaler, which allows conver-
sion of input voltages ranging from 0 to 10V, while oper-
ating from a single +5V analog supply. The input scaler
attenuates and shifts the analog input to match the input
range of the internal digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
Figure 4 shows the equivalent input circuit of the
MAX1177. This circuit limits the current going into AIN to
less than 2mA.
Track and Hold (T/H)

In track mode, the internal hold capacitor acquires the
analog signal (Figure 4). In hold mode, the T/H switches
open and the capacitive DAC samples the analog input.
During the acquisition, the analog input (AIN) charges
capacitor CHOLD. The acquisition ends on the second
falling edge of CS. At this instant, the T/H switches
open. The retained charge on CHOLDrepresents a sam-
ple of the input. In hold mode, the capacitive DAC
adjusts during the remainder of the conversion time to
restore node T/H OUT to zero within the limits of 16-bit
resolution. Force CSlow to put valid data on the bus
after conversion is complete.
MAX1177
16-Bit, 135ksps, Single-Supply ADC
with 0 to 10V Input Range

DGND
1mACLOAD = 20pF
DO–D15DO–D15
CLOAD = 20pF
1mA
DGND
DVDD
a) HIGH-Z TO VOH,
VOL TO VOH, AND
VOH TO HIGH-Z
b) HIGH-Z TO VOL,
VOH TO VOL, AND
VOL TO HIGH-Z
Figure 1. Load Circuits
R/CREF POWER-
DOWN CONTROL
EOC
tACQ
tCONV
tCSHtCSL
tDH
tDO
tEOCtDStDV
HBEN
D7/D15–D0/D8HIGH/LOW
BYTE VALID
HIGH/LOW
BYTE VALID
tDOtDO1
HIGH-Z
tBRHIGH-Z
Figure 2. MAX1177 Timing Diagram
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