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L9524CSTN/a561avaiGlow plug system control IC
L9524C-TR |L9524CTRSTN/a5000avaiGlow plug system control IC


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L9524C-L9524C-TR
Glow plug system control IC
September 2013 Rev 4 1/27
L9524C

Glow plug system control IC
Features
Quad gate driver for external N-channel Power
MOSFETs in high-side configuration: Gates driven by PWM output signal Adjustable gate charge/discharge currents Limited gate-to-source voltages Negative clamping for inductive loads Advanced run-off control Regulation of the power through the glow
plugs Control output for external relay driver Battery-voltage-compatible two-wire interface Supply voltage monitoring with shutdown Battery voltage monitoring with shutdown Junction temperature monitoring with
shutdown Monitoring of currents through the glow plugs
with shutdown at overcurrent (adjustable
threshold) Monitoring of external switches Charge pump voltage monitoring with
shutdown Active clamping during load dump
Description

The L9524C is a control IC for up to six glow
plugs of diesel engines. The glow plugs are
switched by up to four external PWM-controlled
N-channel Power MOSFETs or a single relay in
high-side configuration.
Supply voltage, battery voltage, junction
temperature, switches, currents through the glow
plugs, and charge pump voltage are monitored.
A two-wire interface is used to communicate with
the diesel engine management system.

Table 1. Device summary
Contents L9524C
2/27
Contents Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pins description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1 Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.2 Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3 Control input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.4 Diagnostic output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.5 Current monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.6 Switch monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.7 Thermal shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.8 Gate drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.9 Relay output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.10 Gate charge/discharge current variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.11 Overcurrent threshold variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.12 Advanced run-off control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.13 Output timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.14 Power regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Application diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
L9524C List of tables
3/27
List of tables

Table 1. Device summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Table 2. Pins description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 4. Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 5. Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table 6. Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table 7. Go / no-go protocol description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 8. Failure register description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 9. Sense input pin connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 10. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
List of figures L9524C
4/27
List of figures

Figure 1. Block diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2. Pin connection (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 3. Shunt sense versus transistor sense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 4. Control input signal in transistor mode (modes 3 to 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 5. Permanent switch on of glow plugs at first falling edge in transistor mode (modes 3 to 6) 14
Figure 6. Control input signal in mode 2 for permanent switch on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 7. Serial diagnostic interface protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 8. Timing diagram of advanced run-off control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 9. Output timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 10. Mode 1: relay mode, go/no-go diagnostic interface protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 11. Mode 2: relay mode, serial diagnostic interface protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 12. Mode 3: transistor mode, shunt sense, no power regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 13. Mode 4: transistor mode, shunt sense, power regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 14. Mode 5: transistor mode, transistor sense, no power regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 15. Mode 6: transistor mode, transistor sense, power regulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 16. SO24 mechanical data and package dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
L9524C Block diagram
5/27
1 Block diagram
Figure 1. Block diagram
Pins description L9524C
6/27
2 Pins description
Figure 2. Pin connection (top view)

Table 2. Pins description
L9524C Electrical specifications
7/27
3 Electrical specifications
3.1 Absolute maximum ratings


Warning: The device may become damaged if using externally applied
voltages or currents exceeding these limits!

All the pin of the IC are protected against ESD. the verification is performed according to:
AEC Q100-002 (HBM) and AEC Q100-011 (CDM).
3.2 Thermal data


Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings
Table 4. Thermal data
Electrical specifications L9524C
8/27
3.3 Electrical characteristics

5V  VVS;VBAT  18V, -40C TJ125C, unless otherwise specified. The voltages are
referred to GND and currents are assumed positive, when current flows into the pin.
Table 5. Electrical characteristics
L9524C Electrical specifications
9/27
Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued)
Electrical specifications L9524C
10/27
Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued)
L9524C Electrical specifications
11/27 not tested, guaranteed by design time constants created digitally, verified by scan path test
Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued)
Functional description L9524C
12/27
4 Functional description
4.1 Operating modes

The L9524C can operate in a total of 6 modes. The selection is done by short-circuiting the
appropriate pins and voltages as shown in the following table:

Modes 1 and 2 are for relay usage (referred to as “relay mode”) and modes 3 to 6 for
transistors usage (referred to as “transistor mode”).
In relay mode the protocol of the diagnostic interface (DO pin) can be selected from go/no-
go protocol and serial protocol (see section “Diagnostic output” for protocol description).
In transistor mode the protocol of the diagnostic interface is the serial protocol. It can be
distinguished between using shunts for monitoring the current through the glow plugs
(referred to as “shunt sense”) or using the RDS(on) of the power MOSFET’s themselves
(referred to as “transistor sense”). In shunt sense mode the resistance of the shunt is
assumed to be constant with respect to the temperature while in transistor sense mode the
RDS(on) of the power MOSFET’s is assumed to vary with respect to the temperature and
therefore overcurrent monitoring is adjusted appropriately.
In transistor mode there are two possibilities to control the output timing. In modes 3 and 5
the timing of the PWM control input signal determines the timing of the PWM signals applied
to the external power MOSFET’s (“no power regulation”). In modes 4 and 6 the timing of the
PWM control input signal determines the power through the glow plugs (“power regulation”)
and the timing of the PWM signals applied to the external power MOSFET’s is adjusted
depending on the battery voltage (see section “Power regulation”).
Table 6. Mode
L9524C Functional description
13/27
Figure 3. Shunt sense versus transistor sense
4.2 Supply

The main supply pin of the L9524C is the VS pin. The voltage applied to it (VVS ) is
monitored to switch off all glow plugs if it is less than V VS uv for at least t VS fil (“under voltage
failure”), to switch off all glow plugs if it is greater than V VS ov for at least t VS fil (“over voltage
failure”), to switch on all glow plugs if it is greater than V VS ld for at least t VS ld (“active clamping
during load dump”), to ignore open-load failures if it is less than V VS ol.
Note: The glow plugs are switched on again if the corresponding switch-on condition disappears,
except if the glow plugs are switched on because of load dump. Then they remain switched
on until VVS is less than VVSov for at least t VS fil.
In modes 2 to 6, the L9524C is additionally supplied by the BAT pin. This auxiliary supply
ensures that the external power MOSFET’s are switched off if no main supply voltage is
available at the VS pin.
The BAT pin is additionally used to sense the battery voltage V BAT for power regulation in
modes 4 and 6 (see section “Power regulation”) and for detecting “battery under voltage
failure” (fuse between battery and module is defect) if V BAT is less than V BAT uv for at least BAT fil in modes 2 to 6.
An additional supply voltage higher than the main supply voltage is generated by an internal
charge pump which charges an external storage capacitor connected to the CP pin. This
capacitor mainly supplies the gates of the external n-channel power MOSFET’s. The charge
pump voltage VCP is monitored and the glow plugs are switched off if it is less than V CP uv
for at least t CP fil (“charge pump under voltage”). Afterwards, the glow plugs remain switched
off even if the charge pump voltage becomes greater than V CP uv until they are explicitly
switched on again by the CI (control input) pin.
Functional description L9524C
14/27
4.3 Control input

The control input (CI) pin is resistively pulled up RCI to the supply voltage VVS such that
VCI=VCI off and the glow plugs are switched off by default. The L9524C is controlled by
transitions of VCI from VCI off to VCI on (falling edge) and vice versa (rising edge). Voltage
level changes of VCI which last shorter than tCI fil are ignored.
In transistor mode (modes 3 to 6) the L9524C expects a PWM signal at the CI pin. Each
falling edge starts measuring its on time tCI on (time until next rising edge, i.e. length of this
low pulse) and its period TCI (time until next falling edge). The end of a pulse group is
detected if no falling edge occurs for a time greater than tCI to and the glow plugs are
switched off. Therefore, it is not possible to switch on the glow plugs permanently with one
exception: if the low voltage level of the first falling edge is greater than VCI to the glow plugs
remain switched on as long as this low pulse lasts.
Figure 4. Control input signal in transistor mode (modes 3 to 6)
Figure 5. Permanent switch on of glow plugs at first falling edge in transistor mode
(modes 3 to 6)
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