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VIPER22ADIP-E-VIPER22AS-E-VIPER22ASTR-E
Fixed frequency off line converter
November 2010 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 1/21
VIPer22A-E
VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-ELow power OFF-line SMPS primary switcher
Features Fixed 60 kHz switching frequency 9 V to 38 V wide range VDD voltage Current mode control Auxiliary undervoltage lockout with hysteresis High voltage start-up current source Overtemperature, overcurrent and overvoltage
protection with auto-restart
DescriptionThe VIPer22A-E combines a dedicated current
mode PWM controller with a high voltage power
MOSFET on the same silicon chip.
Typical applications cover off line power supplies
for battery charger adapters, standby power
supplies for TV or monitors, auxiliary supplies for
motor control, etc. The internal control circuit
offers the following benefits:
Large input voltage range on the VDD pin
accommodates changes in auxiliary supply
voltage. This feature is well adapted to battery
charger adapter configurations.
Automatic burst mode in low load condition.
Overvoltage protection in HICCUP mode.
Figure 1. Block diagram
Table 1. Typical power capability
Contents VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E 2/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2
Contents Electrical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pin connections and function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.1 Rectangular U-I output characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.2 Wide range of VDD voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.3 Feedback pin principle of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.4 Startup sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.5 Overvoltage threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Operation pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E Electrical data
Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 3/21
1 Electrical data
1.1 Maximum ratings
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the “absolute maximum ratings” table may
cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of
this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
1.2 Thermal data
Table 2. Absolute maximum rating This parameter applies when the start-up current source is OFF. This is the case when the VDD voltage
has reached VDDon and remains above VDDoff. This parameter applies when the start up current source is on. This is the case when the VDD voltage has
not yet reached VDDon or has fallen below VDDoff.
Table 3. Thermal data When mounted on a standard single-sided FR4 board with 200 mm2 of Cu (at least 35 µm thick) connected
to all DRAIN pins.
Electrical characteristics VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E
4/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2
2 Electrical characteristics
TJ = 25 °C, VDD = 18 V, unless otherwise specified
Table 4. Power section On clamped inductive load
Table 5. Supply section These test conditions obtained with a resistive load are leading to the maximum conduction time of the
device.
VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E Electrical characteristics
Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 5/21
Table 6. Oscillation section
Table 7. PWM comparator section
Table 8. Overtemperature section
Table 9. Typical power capability (1) Above power capabilities are given under adequate thermal conditions
Pin connections and function VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E
6/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 Pin connections and function
Figure 2. Pin connection
VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E Operations
Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 7/21
4 Operations
4.1 Rectangular U-I output characteristics
Figure 4. Rectangular U-I output characteristics for battery charger
A complete regulation scheme can achieve combined and accurate output characteristics.
Figure 4. presents a secondary feedback through an optocoupler driven by a TSM101. This
device offers two operational amplifiers and a voltage reference, thus allowing the regulation
of both output voltage and current. An integrated OR function performs the combination of
the two resulting error signals, leading to a dual voltage and current limitation, known as a
rectangular output characteristic. This type of power supply is especially useful for battery
chargers where the output is mainly used in current mode, in order to deliver a defined
charging rate. The accurate voltage regulation is also convenient for Li-ion batteries which
require both modes of operation.
Operations VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E
8/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2
4.2 Wide range of V DD voltage
The VDD pin voltage range extends from 9 V to 38 V. This feature offers a great flexibility in
design to achieve various behaviors. In Figure 4 on page 7 a forward configuration has been
chosen to supply the device with two benefits: As soon as the device starts switching, it immediately receives some energy from the
auxiliary winding. C5 can be therefore reduced and a small ceramic chip (100 nF) is
sufficient to insure the filtering function. The total start up time from the switch on of
input voltage to output voltage presence is dramatically decreased. The output current characteristic can be maintained even with very low or zero output
voltage. Since the TSM101 is also supplied in forward mode, it keeps the current
regulation up whatever the output voltage is.The VDD pin voltage may vary as much as
the input voltage, that is to say with a ratio of about 4 for a wide range application.
4.3 Feedback pin principle of operation
A feedback pin controls the operation of the device. Unlike conventional PWM control
circuits which use a voltage input (the inverted input of an operational amplifier), the FB pin
is sensitive to current. Figure 5. presents the internal current mode structure.
Figure 5. Internal current control structure
VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E Operations
Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 9/21
The Power MOSFET delivers a sense current Is which is proportional to the main current Id.
R2 receives this current and the current coming from the FB pin. The voltage across R2 is
then compared to a fixed reference voltage of about 0.23 V. The MOSFET is switched off
when the following equation is reached:
By extracting IS:
Using the current sense ratio of the MOSFET GID:
The current limitation is obtained with the FB pin shorted to ground (VFB = 0 V). This leads
to a negative current sourced by this pin, and expressed by:
By reporting this expression in the previous one, it is possible to obtain the drain current
limitation I Dlim:
In a real application, the FB pin is driven with an optocoupler as shown on Figure 5. which
acts as a pull up. So, it is not possible to really short this pin to ground and the above drain
current value is not achievable. Nevertheless, the capacitor C is averaging the voltage on
the FB pin, and when the optocoupler is off (start up or short circuit), it can be assumed that
the corresponding voltage is very close to 0 V.
For low drain currents, the formula (1) is valid as long as IFB satisfies IFB < IFBsd, where
IFBsd is an internal threshold of the VIPer22A. If IFB exceeds this threshold the device will
stop switching. This is represented on Figure 12 on page 14, and IFBsd value is specified in the
PWM COMP ARATOR SECTION. Actually, as soon as the drain current is about 12 % of
Idlim, that is to say 85 mA, the device will enter a burst mode operation by missing switching
cycles. This is especially important when the converter is lightly loaded.2ISIFB+ ()⋅ 0.23V= 0.23V2
---- ------------ IFB–=D GIDIS⋅ GID 0.23V2
--- -------------IFB– ⎝⎠⎛⎞⋅==FB 0.23V1 --------------–= Dlim GID 0.23V 12
------- 11
-------+ ⎝⎠⎛⎞⋅⋅=
Operations VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E
10/21 Doc ID 12050 Rev 2
Figure 6. IFB transfer function
It is then possible to build the total DC transfer function between ID and IFB as shown on
Figure 6 on page 10. This figure also takes into account the internal blanking time and its
associated minimum turn on time. This imposes a minimum drain current under which the
device is no more able to control it in a linear way. This drain current depends on the primary
inductance value of the transformer and the input voltage. Two cases may occur, depending
on the value of this current versus the fixed 85 mA value, as described above.
VIPer22A-E, VIPer22ADIP-E, VIPer22AS-E Operations
Doc ID 12050 Rev 2 11/21
4.4 Startup sequence
Figure 7. Startup sequence
This device includes a high voltage start up current source connected on the drain of the
device. As soon as a voltage is applied on the input of the converter, this start up current
source is activated as long as VDD is lower than VDDon. When reaching VDDon, the start up
current source is switched OFF and the device begins to operate by turning on and off its
main power MOSFET. As the FB pin does not receive any current from the optocoupler, the
device operates at full current capacity and the output voltage rises until reaching the
regulation point where the secondary loop begins to send a current in the optocoupler. At
this point, the converter enters a regulated operation where the FB pin receives the amount
of current needed to deliver the right power on secondary side.
This sequence is shown in Figure 7. Note that during the real starting phase tss, the device
consumes some energy from the VDD capacitor, waiting for the auxiliary winding to provide a
continuous supply. If the value of this capacitor is too low, the start up phase is terminated
before receiving any energy from the auxiliary winding and the converter never starts up.
This is illustrated also in the same figure in dashed lines.
