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STF202-22.T1-STF202-22T1
EMI Filter with ESD Protection
AND8074/D
EMI Filtering, USB
Upstream Line T ermination
and ESD Protection Using
the STF202 Device
Prepared by
Alejandro LaraON Semiconductor Applications Engineering
What is a USB?The Universal Serial Bus was invented and standardized
by a group of computer and peripherals manufactures in
1995. The idea was to take the whole area of serial port and
serial bus and update it with the twenty–first century
technology. It is true that there were many standards of
communication between host computers and peripherals,
but the goal was to create a technology that combines low
speed and high speed bus activity. The technology enables
shared access for both speeds, a technology which provides
robust protocol, automatic configuring of devices and a
serial bus which is simplified and easy to plug into. All those
requirements were met with the USB standards.
The USB has become a very popular expansion to the
personal computer. The USB is not a serial port, it is a serial
bus, a fact that enables a single port on the computer to be
a link for a myriad of devices, (up to 127 devices in a USB
system). We can easily chain one device to another and use
one port as a connecting point of many devices by using a
hub. All these enables us to look at the USB system as a small
network of devices.
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) makes connecting
devices to your computer faster, easier and virtually
limitless. High–Speed USB devices are capable of
communicating at speeds up to 12 megabits without shutting
down and without having to open your computer.
The plug and play capability of the USB is one of its
advantages over other serial buses. This capability enables
automatic detection of a new device, which is attached into
the system, an automatic configuration of it by the host, and
an automatic detection of it’s detachment from the system.
The flexible attachment and detachment of devices to and
from the system allows mobility on the bus and adjustment
of the system to new devices without the need of restart the
whole system each time a new device is detected.
Another important aspect of the USB is it’s mid and high
speed flexibility. This feature refers to the ability of the USB
to support simultaneously medium–speed devices, (which
work in 1.5 Mbps), and high–speed devices, (which work in
12 Mbps).
asynchronous bandwidth allocation methods. Isochronous
means that the necessary bandwidth is guaranteed,
whenever the device requires it – it will be available.
Asynchronous on the other hand means that there is no
guarantee – the data will be sent whenever it will be possible
to send it. Devices, such as video and audio multimedia, that
use stream transfer, will use the isochronous method while
devices that use bulk transfer, such as printers and scanners
will use the asynchronous method.
The USB is robust. Through all the different
layers there is an error detection and recovery mechanism,
which guarantees low error rate. The USB provides
detection of faulty devices and flow control mechanism,
which is built in the protocol.
USB, or Universal Serial Bus, is a peripheral
connectivity standard which was conceived, developed and
is supported by a group of leading companies in the
computer and telecommunication industries – Compaq,
DEC, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, NEC and Northern Telecom.
The current standard published and implemented on most of
the USB devices is version 1.1, nevertheless, the good news
is, USB is getting even faster, USB 2.0 promises even higher
data transfer rates, up to 480 Mbps. The higher bandwidth
of USB 2.0 will allow high performance peripherals, such as
monitors, video conferencing cameras, next–generation
printers, and faster storage devices to be easily connected to
the computer via USB. The higher data rate of USB 2.0 will
also open up the possibilities of new and exciting
peripherals. USB 2.0 will be a
providing additional I/O bandwidth and broadening the
range of peripherals that may be attached to the PC.
USB 2.0 is expected to be both forward and backward
compatible with USB 1.1. Existing USB peripherals will
operate with no change in a USB 2.0 system. Devices such
as mice, keyboards and game pads, will not require the
additional performance that USB 2.0 offers and will operate
as USB 1.1 devices. All USB devices are expected to
co–exist in a USB 2.0 system. The higher speed of USB 2.0
will greatly broaden the range of peripherals that may be
attached to the PC. This increased performance will also
allow a greater number of USB devices to share the available
