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SSL1523AP
Non-dimmable LED driver IC
1. General descriptionThe SSL1523A is a Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) controller IC that operate
directly from the rectified universal AC mains. It is implemented in the high-voltage Easy
High Voltage Silicon-On-Insulator (EZ-HV SOI) process, combined with a low-voltage
Bipolar Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (BiCMOS) process. The device
includes a high-voltage power switch and a start-up circuit that operates directly from the
rectified mains voltage.
A dedicated circuit for valley switching is built in, which makes a very efficient slim-line
electronic concept for solid state lighting applications possible.
The SSL1523A can operate in applications with a power range of up to 15 W.
In the most basic applications, the SSL1523A act as a voltage source. Here, no additional
secondary electronics are required. A combined voltage and current source can be
realized with minimum costs for external components. Implementation of the SSL1523A
renders an efficient and low cost power supply system for mains LED drivers.
2. Features and benefits Designed for mains LED drivers up to 15W Integrated power switch: 6.5 Ω; 650V Operates from universal AC mains supplies (80 V to 276V) Adjustable frequency for flexible design RC oscillator for load insensitive regulation loop constant Valley switching for minimum switch-on loss Low standby power (< 100 mW) with frequency reduction at low power outputs Adjustable overcurrent protection Undervoltage protectionT emperature protection Simple application with both primary and secondary (opto) feedback Available in a DIP8 package
SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
Rev. 1 — 25 April 2012 Product data sheet
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
3. Applications Retro-fit LED lamps LED ballasts Contour lighting Channel letter lighting Commercial lighting, such as cabinet or freezer lights Other lighting applications
4. Quick reference data Ordering information
Table 1. Quick reference dataVDRAIN voltage on pin DRAIN DMOS power transistor; Tj >0°C −0.4 - +650 V
RDSon drain-source on-state
resistance
Isource= −0.50A =25 °C- 6.5 7.5 Ω =100°C - 9.0 10.0 Ω
VCC supply voltage continuous −0.4 - +40 V
fosc oscillator frequency 10 100 200 kHz
IDRAIN current on pin DRAIN VDRAIN >60V
no auxiliary supply - 1.5 2 mA
with auxiliary supply - 30 125 μA
Table 2. Ordering informationSSL1523AP DIP8 plastic dual in-line package; 8 leads (300 mil) SOT97-1
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
6. Block diagram
Pinning
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
7.2 Pin description
8. Functional description
The SSL1523A is the heart of a compact flyback converter, with the IC placed at the
primary side. The auxiliary winding of the transformer can be used for indirect feedback to
control the isolated output. This additional winding also powers the IC. A more accurate
control of the output voltage and/or current can be implemented with an additional
secondary sensing circuit and optocoupler feedback.
The SSL1523A uses voltage mode control. The switching frequency is determined by the
maximum transformer demagnetizing time and the frequency of the oscillator. In the first
case, the converter operates in the Self Oscillating Power Supply (SOPS) mode. In the
latter case, it operates at a constant frequency, which can be adjusted with external
components RRC and CRC. Furthermore, a primary stroke is started only in a valley of the
secondary ringing. This can use constant power or constant current mode to drive LEDs.
The valley switching principle minimizes capacitive switch-on losses.
8.1 Start-up and undervoltage lockout
Initially, the IC is self-supplying from the rectified mains voltage. The IC starts switching as
soon as the voltage on pin VCC passes the VCC(startup) level. The supply is taken over by
the auxiliary winding of the transformer as soon as VCC is high enough and the supply
from the line is stopped for high efficiency operation.
If the auxiliary supply is not sufficient, the high-voltage supply also supplies the IC. As
soon as the voltage on pin VCC drops below the VCC(stop) level, the IC stops switching and
restarts from the rectified mains voltage.
8.2 Oscillator
The frequency of the oscillator is set by the external resistor and capacitor on pin RC. The
external capacitor is charged rapidly to the VRC(max) level and, starting from a new primary
stroke, it discharges to the VRC(min) level. Because the discharge is exponential, the
relative sensitivity of the duty factor to the regulation voltage at low duty factor is almost
equal to the sensitivity at high duty factors. This results in a more constant gain over the
duty factor range compared to systems with a linear sawtooth oscillator. Stable operation
Table 3. Pin description
VCC 1 supply voltage
GND 2 ground 3 frequency setting
REG 4 regulation input
AUX 5 input for voltage from auxiliary winding for timing (demagnetization)
SOURCE 6 source of internal MOS switch
n.c. 7 not connected
DRAIN 8 drain of internal MOS switch; input for start-up current and valley
sensing
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
at low duty factors is easily realized. For high efficiency, the frequency is reduced as soon
as the duty factor drops below its low power threshold. This is accomplished by increasing
the oscillator charge time. o ensure that the capacitor can be charged within the charge time, the value of the
oscillator capacitor should be limited to approximately 1 nF.
8.3 Duty factor control
The duty factor is controlled by the internal regulation voltage and the oscillator signal on
pin RC. The internal regulation voltage is equal to the external regulation voltage (minus
2.5 V) multiplied by the gain of the error amplifier (typically 20 dB).
8.4 Valley switching
A new cycle is started when the primary switch is switched on (see Figure 3). After a
certain time (determined by the oscillator voltage RC and the internal regulation level), the
switch is turned off and the secondary stroke starts. The internal regulation level is
determined by the voltage on pin REG.
After the secondary stroke, the drain voltage shows an oscillation with a frequency
approximately equal to the value given by Equation1:
(1)
where:
Lp = primary self-inductance
Cp = parasitic capacitance on drain node
As soon as the oscillator voltage becomes high again and after the secondary stroke has
ended, the circuit waits for a low drain voltage before starting a new primary stroke.
Figure 3 shows the drain voltage together with the valley signal, the signal indicating the
secondary stroke and the RC voltage.
The primary stroke starts some time before the actual valley at low ringing frequencies,
and some time after the actual valley at high ringing frequencies.
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
Figure 4 shows a typical curve for a reflected output voltage N× Vo of 80 V. This voltage is
the output voltage Vo (see Figure 5) transferred to the primary side of the transformer with
the factor N (determined by the turns ratio of the transformer). Figure 4 shows that the
system switches at the minimum drain voltage for ringing frequencies of 480 kHz, thus
reducing the switch-on losses to a minimum. At 200 kHz, the next primary stroke is started
at 33 ° before the valley. The switch-on losses are still reduced significantly.
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
8.5 Demagnetization
The system operates in discontinuous conduction mode all the time. As long as the
secondary stroke has not ended, the oscillator will not start a new primary stroke. During
the first tsup(xfmr_ring) seconds, demagnetization recognition is suppressed. This
suppression may be necessary in applications where the transformer has a large leakage
inductance and at low output voltages.
8.6 Minimum and maximum duty factor
The minimum duty factor of the switched mode power supply is 0 %. The maximum duty
factor is set to 75 % (typical value at 100 kHz oscillation frequency).
8.7 OverCurrent Protection (OCP)
The cycle-by-cycle peak drain current limit circuit uses the external source resistor RI to
measure the current. The circuit is activated after the leading edge blanking time tleb. The
protection circuit limits the source voltage to VSOURCE(max) and thus limits the primary peak
current.
8.8 OverTemperature Protection (OTP)
An accurate temperature protection is provided in the device. When the junction
temperature exceeds the thermal shutdown temperature, the IC stops switching. During
thermal protection, the IC current is lowered to the start-up current. The IC continues
normal operation as soon as the overtemperature situation has disappeared.
8.9 OverVoltage Protection (OVP)
Overvoltage protection can be achieved in the application by pulling pin REG above its
normal operation level. The current primary stroke is terminated immediately. No new
primary stroke is started until the voltage on pin REG drops to its normal operation level.
Pin REG has an internal clamp. The current feed into this pin must be limited.
8.10 Characteristics of complete LED power supply
8.10.1 Input
The input voltage range comprises the universal AC mains from 80 V to 276 V.
8.10.2 Accuracy
The accuracy of the complete converter, functioning as a voltage source with primary
sensing, is approximately 8 % (mainly dependent on the transformer coupling). The
accuracy with secondary sensing is defined by the accuracy of the external components.
For safety requirements in case of optocoupler feedback loss, the primary sensing
remains active when an overvoltage circuit is connected.
8.10.3 Efficiency
An efficiency over 80 % at maximum output power can be achieved for a complete
converter designed for universal mains.
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
8.10.4 Ripple
A minimum ripple is obtained in a system designed for a maximum duty factor of 50%
under normal operating conditions and a minimized dead time. The magnitude of the
ripple in the output voltage is determined by the frequency and duty factor of the
converter, the output current level, and the value and Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of
the output capacitor.
8.10.5 Output
The SSL1523A can operate over a wide range of output power levels up to 15W.
NXP Semiconductors SSL1523A
SMPS ICs for mains LED drivers
9. Limiting values
[1] Human body model: equivalent to discharging a 100 pF capacitor through a 1.5 kΩ series resistor. All pins
are 2500 V maximum, except pin DRAIN, which is 1000 V maximum.
[2] Machine model: equivalent to discharging a 200 pF capacitor through a 0.75 μH coil and a 10 Ω series
resistor.
10. Thermal characteristics
[1] Thermal resistance Rth(j-a) can be lower when the GND pins are connected to sufficient copper area on the
printed-circuit board. See the SSL152x application notes for details.
Table 4. Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). All voltages are measured
with respect to ground; positive currents flow into the device; pins VCC and RC are not allowed to be
current driven and pins REG and AUX are not allowed to be voltage driven.
Voltage
VCC supply voltage continuous −0.4 +40 V
VRC voltage on pin RC oscillator input
voltage
−0.4 +3 V
VSOURCE voltage on pin SOURCE DMOS power
transistor
−0.4 +5 V
VDRAIN voltage on pin DRAIN DMOS power
transistor; Tj >0°C
−0.4 +650 V
Current
IREG current on pin REG - 6 mA
IAUX current on pin AUX −10 +5 mA
Isource source current −2+2 A
IDRAIN current on pin DRAIN −2+2 A
General
Ptot total power dissipation Tamb <45 °C- 1.0 W
Tstg storage temperature −55 +150 °C junction temperature −40 +145 °C
VESD electrostatic discharge voltage human body model [1]- ±2500 V
machine model [2]- ±200 V
Table 5. Thermal characteristics
Rth(j-a) thermal resistance from junction to ambient in free air [1] 100 K/W
