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MAX8678ETE+-MAX8678ETE+T
White LED Charge Pump with 1.1W Audio Amplifier
General DescriptionThe MAX8678 integrates a charge pump for white light-
emitting diodes (LEDs) with an audio loudspeaker
amplifier. The high-efficiency, adaptive charge pump
drives up to four LEDs with constant current for uniform
brightness. The LED current is adjustable from
0.1mA/LED to 24mA/LED in 31 pseudo-logarithmic
steps through a single-wire serial-pulse interface. High
accuracy and LED-to-LED current matching are main-
tained throughout the adjustment range. Individual
adaptive mode switching for each LED provides high
efficiency with a wide range of LED forward voltages.
The mono class AB audio amplifier directly drives an 8Ω
loudspeaker with 1.1W RMS continuous power from a 5V
supply with less than 1% THD+N. The gain is adjustable
from -9dB to +18dB in ten 3dB steps through a single-
wire serial-pulse interface. Clicks and pops are sup-
pressed during on/off and all gain adjustments.
Differential inputs improve common-mode noise rejection.
The MAX8678 includes soft-start, thermal shutdown,
open-circuit and short-circuit protection, and is avail-
able in the 16-pin, 3mm x 3mm Thin QFN package
(0.8mm max height).
ApplicationsCell Phones and Smartphones
Camera Phones
PDAs, Digital Cameras, Camcorders
FeaturesHigh-Efficiency White LED Charge Pump
Individual Adaptive Supply for Each LED
4 Low-Dropout LED Current Regulators
24mA to 0.1mA Dimming Range
Single-Wire, Serial-Pulse Dimming Interface
1% (typ) Accuracy
Low 140µA Quiescent CurrentMono Class AB Audio Amplifier
1.1W RMS Mono BTL Output (8Ω, VIN= 5V)
Low 0.004% THD+N at 1kHz
High 90dB PSRR at 1kHz
Fully Differential Inputs
-9dB to +18dB Gain Settings in 3dB Steps
Integrated Click/Pop Suppression
Low Quiescent CurrentSoft-Start Limits Inrush CurrentThermal Shutdown, Open- and Short-Circuit
Protection16-Pin, 3mm x 3mm Thin QFN Package
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio AmplifierGND
LED3LED1LED4119
ENLED
BIAS
OUT-
OUT+
ENAMP
MAX8678
LED2
NEG
THIN QFN3mm × 3mmTOP VIEW
Pin ConfigurationMAX8678
INPUT
2.7V TO 5.5V
LED ON/OFF
AND DIMMING
AMP ON/OFF
AND GAIN
DIFFERENTIAL
AUDIO
INPUT
LED1
LED2
LED3BACKLIGHT
OR FLASH
0.1mA TO
24mA
LOUDSPEAKER
GND
ENLED
LED4
BIAS
OUT+
OUT-
NEGEP
0.1μF
1μF
1μF
4.7μF
ENAMP
Typical Operating Circuit19-0786; Rev 0; 4/07
EVALUATION KITAVAILABLE
Ordering Information
PARTPIN-PACKAGETOP MARKPKG CODEMAX8678ETE+16 Thin QFN
3mm x 3mmAFFT1633-5
+Denotes a lead-free package.
Note: The device is specified over the -40°C to +85°C extend-ed temperature range.
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio Amplifier
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(VIN= 3.6V, VGND= 0V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
IN to GND..............................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
IN to NEG..............................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
ENLED, ENAMP, LED_, C+, A+, A-, OUT+, OUT-,
BIAS to GND…….....................................-0.3V to (VIN+ 0.3V)
ENLED, ENAMP, LED_, C+, A+, A-, OUT+, OUT-,
BIAS, C- to NEG...................................…-0.3V to (VIN+ 0.3V)
GND to NEG......................................................…-0.3V to +6.0V
GND to C-..............................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
OUT+, OUT- Short Circuit to GND or IN....................Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
16-Pin Thin QFN 3mm x 3mm
(derate 17.5mW/°C above +70°C)............................1398mW
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSIN Operating Voltage2.75.5V
Undervoltage-Lockout (UVLO) ThresholdVIN rising2.252.452.65V
UVLO Hysteresis100mV
TA = +25°C0.11.5Shutdown Supply Current
(All Outputs Off)
ENLED = ENAMP =
GNDTA = +85°C0.1µA
Charge pump inactive, LED_ = 1.6mA
ENAMP = GND, TA = +25°C140200µA
Charge pump active, 1MHz switching, LEDs at
24mA setting, ENAMP = GND0.45No-Load Supply Current
ENAMP = IN, ENLED = GND3
Thermal Shutdown+160°C
Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis20°C
SERIAL-PULSE INTERFACE (EN_)VIN = 2.7V to 4.2V1.4Logic Input-High VoltageVIN = 4.2V to 5.5V1.5V
Logic Input-Low VoltageVIN = 2.7V to 5.5V0.4V
TA = +25°C0.011Logic Input CurrentVIL = 0V or
VIH = 5.5VTA = +85°C0.1µA
tSHDNSee Figures 2 and 33.2ms
tHOLDSee Figures 2 and 33.2ms
tLOSee Figures 2 and 30.5500µs
tHISee Figures 2 and 30.5500µs
CHARGE PUMPSwitching Frequency1MHz
Soft-Start Time0.1ms
Regulation Voltage (OVP) (VIN - VNEG)5V
Open-Loop NEG Output Resistance
((VNEG -VIN)/INEG)1023Ω
Guaranteed Output CurrentLED VF = 3.9V, VIN = 3.2V96mA
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio Amplifier
Note 1:Limits are 100% production tested at TA= +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design.
Note 2:Dropout voltage is defined as the LED_ to GND (charge pump inactive) or LED_ to NEG (charge pump active) voltage at
which current into LED_ drops 10% from the value at VLED_= 0.5V.
Note 3:Output power is specified by a combination of a functional output current test and characterization analysis.
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
LED DRIVERCurrent-Setting Range0.124.0mA
24mA setting, TA = +25°C-2±1+2
24mA setting, TA = -40°C to +85°C-5+5Current Accuracy
1.6mA setting, TA = +25°C±5
Charge pump inactive72120LED_ Dropout24mA setting (Note 2)Charge pump active132360mV
LED_ Voltage-Mode Transition Threshold
(1x to 2x)VLED_ falling125150175mV
LED_ Voltage-Mode Transition
Hysteresis100mV
TA = +25°C0.011LED_ Leakage in ShutdownAll LEDs offTA = +85°C0.1µA
AUDIO AMPLIFIERCommon-Mode Bias Voltage-5%VIN / 2+5%
Output Offset VoltageVA+ = VA- = VBIAS, gain ≤ 12dB-25±1+25mV
Common-Mode Input Voltage0.5(VIN -
1.2)V
Input Impedance (RIN)Table 21067140kΩ
VIN = 3.2V5060Common-Mode Rejection Ratiof = 1kHz, VIN = 3.2V70dB
f = 217Hz93Power-Supply Rejection RatioVA+ = VA- = VBIAS,
200mVP-P at INf = 1kHz90dB
RL = 8Ω, VIN = 3.2V0.360.5
RL = 4Ω, VIN = 3.2V0.65Output PowerTHD+N = 1%,
f = 1kHz (Note 3)
RL = 8Ω, VIN = 5V0.81.1
Output Current Limit0.611.6A
-9dB ≤ Gain ≤ 15dB±0.13Gain AccuracyGain = 18dB±0.17dB
Total Harmonic Distortion + NoiseRL = 8Ω, f = 1kHz, POUT = 0.25W, VIN = 3.2V0.004%
Signal-to-Noise RatioRL = 8Ω, f = 1kHz, POUT = 0.25W, VIN = 3.2V104dB
Maximum Capacitive Drive500pF
Power-Up from Shutdown Time, tUPSee Figure 310ms
Shutdown Time, tPDSee Figure 33.5µs
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(VIN= 3.6V, VGND= 0V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics(VIN= 3.2V, RL= 8Ω, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION +
NOISE vs. FREQUENCYMAX8678 toc01
FREQUENCY (Hz)
THD+N (%)
10,0001000100
0.01100,000
OUTPUT POWER = 150mW
OUTPUT POWER = 50mW
OUTPUT POWER = 300mW
GAIN = 3dB
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION +
NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWERMAX8678 toc02
OUTPUT POWER (W)
THD+N (%)
fIN = 1kHz
fIN = 10kHz
fIN = 100kHzGAIN = 3dB
OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX8678 toc03
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT POWER (mW)
THD+N = 10%
THD+N = 1%
POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX8678 toc04
OUTPUT POWER (mW)
POWER DISSIPATION POWER (mW)
OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE
MAX8678 toc05
LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω)
OUTPUT POWER (W)
THD+N = 10%
THD+N = 1%
FREQUENCY (Hz)
AMPLIFIER GAIN AND PHASE
vs. FREQUENCY25dB
20dB
15dB
10dB
5dB
0dB0°
-30°
-60°
-90°
MAX8678 toc06
GAIN = 18dB1001k10k100k
AMPLIFIER GAIN AND PHASE
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY-25dB
-35dB
-45dB
-55dB
-65dB
-75dB
-85dB
-95dB
MAX8678 toc07
GAIN = 18dB
VRIPPLE 100mVP-P
1001k10k
REJECTION RATIO
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY-25dB
-35dB
-45dB
-55dB
-65dB
-75dB
-85dB
-95dB
-105dB
-125dB
MAX8678 toc08
GAIN = 18dB
VRIPPLE 18mVP-P
1001k10k
REJECTION RATIO
4ms/div
AMPLIFIER STARTUP
AND SHUTDOWNVOUT+
VOUT-
VOUT+ - VOUT-
MAX8678 toc09
VENAMP2V/div
100mV/div
1V/div
1V/div
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio AmplifierLED EFFICIENCY vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(MISMATCHED LEDs)
MAX8678 toc10
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
EFFICIENCY (%)
4 x 1.6mA
4 x 6.4mA
4 x 20.8mA
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(MISMATCHED LEDs)
MAX8678 toc11
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
4 x 16mA
4 x 20.8mA
4 x 6.4mA
4 x 1.6mA
LED EFFICIENCY vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(MATCHED LEDs)
MAX8678 toc12
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
EFFICIENCY (%)
20.4mA/LED
16.4mA/LED
6.4mA/LED1.6mA/LED
MAX8678 EFFICIENCY vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(MATCHED LEDs)
MAX8678 toc13
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, TIME WEIGHTED (V)
EFFICIENCY
1.6mA/LED
6.4mA/LED
16.4mA/LED
20.4mA/LED
LED CURRENT MATCHING
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX8678 toc14
LED CURRENT (mA)
4 OF 16mA/LED
1ms/div
LED STARTUP/
SHUTDOWN WAVEFORMSVENLED
VLED1
MAX8678 toc15
IIN
500mA/div
1V/div
2V/div
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VIN= 3.2V, RL= 8Ω, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio Amplifier
Pin Description
PINNAMEFUNCTION1INAnalog Supply-Voltage Input. The input voltage range is 2.7V to 5.5V. Connect a 4.7µF ceramic
capacitor from IN to GND as close as possible to the IC. IN is high impedance during shutdown.GNDGround. Connect GND to the system ground plane. Do not connect GND to the exposed paddle.A+Noninverting Differential Audio InputA-Inverting Differential Audio InputENAMPAmplifier Enable and Gain Control. ENAMP is a serial-pulse interface logic input to control on/off and
gain settings of the audio amplifier.OUT+Audio Amplifier Positive OutputOUT-Audio Amplifier Negative OutputBIASDC Bias Bypass. Connect a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor from BIAS to GND as close as possible to the IC.
9–12LED1–LED4
LED Current Regulators. Current flowing into LED_ is regulated to the current programmed by the
serial-pulse interface. Connect LED_ to the cathodes of the corresponding external LEDs. LED_ is high
impedance during shutdown. If unused, connect LED_ to IN to disable the regulator.NEGCharge-Pump Negative Output. Connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor from NEG to GND. In shutdown, an
internal 10kΩ resistor pulls NEG to GND.C-Transfer Capacitor Negative Connection. Connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor from C+ to C-.C+Transfer Capacitor Positive Connection. Connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor from C+ to C-.ENLEDLED Enable and Dimming Control. ENLED is a serial-pulse interface logic input to control on/off and
dimming of the LED regulators.EPExposed Paddle. Connect the exposed paddle to NEG directly under the IC.
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VIN= 3.2V, RL= 8Ω, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
200ms/div
LED SINGLE-WIRE PULSE DIMMINGVENLED
ILED
MAX8678 toc16
20mA/div
5V/div
200μs/div
LINE TRANSIENT WITH MODE
TRANSITIONVIN
ILED
(TOTAL)
MAX8678 toc17
IIN
200mA/div
100mA/div
1V/div3.8V
3.4V
3.8V
4 LEDs AT 24mA EACH
Detailed DescriptionThe MAX8678 integrates a charge pump for white LEDs
with an audio loudspeaker amplifier. The high-efficiency,
adaptive charge pump drives up to four LEDs with con-
stant current for uniform brightness for display back-
lighting or camera flash. The LED current is adjustable
from 0.1mA/LED to 24mA/LED in 31 pseudo-logarithmic
steps through a single-wire serial-pulse interface. High
accuracy and LED-to-LED current matching are main-
tained throughout the adjustment range. Figure1 is the
MAX8678 functional diagram.
The mono class AB audio amplifier directly drives an 8Ω
loudspeaker with 1.1W RMS continuous power from a 5V
supply with less than 1% THD+N. The gain is adjustable
from -9dB to +18dB in ten 3dB steps through a single-
wire serial-pulse interface. Clicks and pops are sup-
pressed during on/off and all gain adjustments.
Differential inputs improve common-mode noise rejection.
ShutdownTo reduce power consumption when not in use, the
charge-pump LED driver and the audio amplifier have
separate shutdown controls. To disable the LED driver,
drive ENLED low for at least 3.2ms. To disable the
audio amplifier, drive ENAMP low for at least 3.2ms.
When both ENLED and ENAMP are held low, the IC
supply current is reduced to about 0.1µA.
Thermal-Overload ProtectionThe thermal-overload protection circuitry monitors the
temperature of the IC. When the die temperature reach-
es +160°C, the IC is shut down. The IC turns on after it
has cooled by approximately 20°C. During continuous
overload conditions, this results in a pulsed output.
MAX8678
White LED Charge Pump with
1.1W Audio AmplifierMAX8678
LED ON/OFF
AND DIMMING
AMP ON/OFF
AND GAIN
DIFFERENTIAL
AUDIO INPUT
OPTIONAL FILTER
CAPACITORS
LED1
LED2
LED3
LED4
NEG
INVERTING
CHARGE
PUMP
EARPIECE/
LOUDSPEAKER
GND
ENLED
BIAS
OUT+
OUT-
0.1μF
1μF
4.7μF
2.7V TO 5.5V
INPUT SUPPLY
ENAMP
HALF
SUPPLY
BIAS
MONO
CLASS AB
AUDIO AMP
CONTROL
CIRCUITRY
LED CURRENT
REGULATORS
CONTROL
CIRCUITRY
1μF
Figure1. Functional Diagram