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MAX5901ACETT+T ,-100V, SOT23/TDFN, Simple Swapper Hot-Swap ControllersMAX5900/MAX590119-1988; Rev 3; 8/03-100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-SwapControllers
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MAX5900AAETT+T-MAX5900ABEUT+-MAX5900ACEUT+T-MAX5900LBETT+-MAX5900LBEUT+T-MAX5900NNEUT-MAX5900NNEUT+T-MAX5901AAETT+-MAX5901ABETT+-MAX5901ABETT+T-MAX5901ABEUT+T-MAX5901ACETT+T -MAX5901ACEUT+T
-100V, SOT23/TDFN, Simple Swapper Hot-Swap Controllers
General DescriptionThe MAX5900/MAX5901 are SOT23 hot-swap controllers
that allow a circuit card to be safely hot-plugged
into a live backplane without causing a glitch on
the power-supply rail. These devices operate from -9V to
-100V and provide the simplest hot-swap solution by
eliminating all external components except an external
N-channel MOSFET.
The MAX5900/MAX5901 limit the inrush current to the
load and provide a circuit-breaker function for overcurrent
protection. During startup, the circuit breaker function is
disabled and the MAX5900/MAX5901 limit the inrush cur-
rent by gradually turning on the external MOSFET. Once
the external MOSFET is fully enhanced, the circuit break-
er function is enabled and the MAX5900/MAX5901 pro-
vide overcurrent protection by monitoring the voltage
drop across the external MOSFET’s on-resistance.
The MAX5900/MAX5901 include an undervoltage lock-
out (UVLO) function, ON/OFFcontrol input, and a power-
good status output, PGOOD(MAX5900) or PGOOD
(MAX5901). A built-in thermal shutdown feature is also
included to protect the external MOSFET in case of over-
heating.
The MAX5900/MAX5901 offer latched or autoretry fault
management and are available with 200mV, 300mV, or
400mV circuit breaker thresholds. Both the MAX5900 and
MAX5901 are available in small SOT23 packages, and
are specified for the extended -40°C to +85°C tempera-
ture range. For specific ordering information see the
Selector Guideat the end of the data sheet.
_________________________Applications
FeaturesWide -9V to -100V Operation Requires No External Sense ResistorDrives External N-Channel MOSFET Limits Inrush CurrentCircuit Breaker FunctionLess than 1mA Quiescent CurrentON/OFFInput Permits Load Power-Supply
Control and SequencingAdjustable Undervoltage LockoutPower-Good Output with 100V RatingLatching or Automatic Retry Fault ManagementThermal Shutdown Helps Protect the External
MOSFETSpace-Saving 6-Pin SOT23 Package
MAX5900/MAX5901
-100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-Swap
Controllers
Pin Configuration19-1988; Rev 3; 8/03
Ordering Information*For specific part numbers, see Selector Guide at end of data
sheet.
Typical Operating Circuits continued at end of data sheet.Simple Swapper is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX5900/MAX5901
100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-Swap
Controllers
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(VEE= -9V to -100V, GND = 0, ON/OFFopen circuit, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VEE= -48V
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Terminal Voltage (with respect to GND, unless otherwise noted)
VEE, DRAIN, PGOOD, PGOOD............................-120V to +0.3V
ON/OFFto VEE.........................................................-0.3V to +4V
GATE to VEE.........................................................-0.3V to +12V
Current into Any Pin............................................................±3mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
6-Pin SOT23 (derate 9.1mW/°C above +70°C)...........727mW
Maximum Junction Temperature.....................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-60°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature...........................................................(Note 1)
Note 1:This device is constructed using a unique set of packaging techniques that impose a limit on the thermal profile the device
can be exposed to during board level solder attach and rework. This limit permits only the use of solder profiles recom-
mended in the industry standard specification, JEDEC 020A, paragraph 7.6, Table 3 for IR/VPR and convection reflow. Pre-
heating is required. Hand or wave soldering is not allowed.
MAX5900/MAX5901
-100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-Swap
Controllers
Note 2:All currents into device pins are positive, all currents out of device pins are negative, and all voltages are referenced to
GND, unless otherwise noted.
Note 3:All specifications are 100% tested at TA= +25°C. Specifications over -40°C to +85°C are guaranteed by characterization.
Note 4:This is the delay time from a valid on condition until VGSbegins rising. Valid on conditions are: the device is not in undervolt-
age lockout; ON/OFFis not driven low; and the device is not in thermal shutdown.
Note 5:This is the delay from a valid low on ON/OFFuntil VGSfalls. Pulses on ON/OFFless than tOFFare ignored, offering glitch
immunity.
Note 6:Guaranteed by design, not production tested.
Note 7:For a detailed description, see the Power-Good Output section of the data sheet.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(VEE= -9V to -100V, GND = 0, ON/OFFopen circuit, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VEE= -48V
and TA= +25°C.) (Notes 2, 3)
Typical Operating Characteristics(VEE= -48V, GND = 0, and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. See Figure 6 for test circuits.)
MAX5900/MAX5901
-100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-Swap
ControllersGATE DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5900/1 toc04
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(V)
RESTART DELAY
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5900/01 toc05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
(ms)
5ms/div
STARTUP WAVEFORMS
RL = OPEN, CL = 10µFMAX5900/1 toc07
A: VGS, 10V/div C: VOUT, 50V/div
B: IIN, 200mA/div D: PGOOD, 50V/div
5ms/div
STARTUP WAVEFORMS
RL = 40Ω, CL = 10µFMAX5900/1 toc08
A: VGS, 10V/div C: VOUT, 50V/div
B: IIN, 1A/div D: PGOOD, 50V/div
5ms/div
STARTUP WAVEFORMS
RL = 40Ω, CL = 100µFMAX5900/1 toc09
A: VGS, 10V/div C: VOUT, 50V/div
B: IIN, 1A/div D: PGOOD, 50V/div
2µs/div
CIRCUIT BREAKER EVENT
(CGATE = 1000pF, VOVERDRIVE = 20mV)MAX5900/1 toc10
D: PGOOD, 50V/div C: VGS, 10V/div
B: VDS, 500mV/div
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VEE= -48V, GND = 0, and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. See Figure 6 for test circuits.)
MAX5900/MAX5901
-100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-Swap
Controllers
Detailed DescriptionThe MAX5900/MAX5901 are integrated hot-swap con-
troller ICs contained in 6-pin SOT23 packages. They
allow a board to be safely hot plugged into a live back-
plane without causing a glitch on the power-supply rail.
They are well suited for -48V telecom power systems,
allowing a cost-effective, simple, and compact design.
The MAX5900/MAX5901 operate from -9V to -100V to
cover the standard telecom voltage range, and to serve
more generalized applications. These devices require
only an external N-channel power MOSFET to provide
hot-swap control. Figure 1 shows a functional diagram
of the MAX5900/MAX5901.
The MAX5900/MAX5901 control an external N-channel
power MOSFET placed in the negative power-supply
pathway. When power is first applied, the MAX5900/
MAX5901 keep the MOSFET turned off. The
MAX5900/MAX5901 hold the MOSFET off indefinitely if
ON/OFFis held low, if the supply voltage is below the
undervoltage lockout level, or if the die temperature
exceeds +125°C. If none of these conditions exist for
300ms (typ), the MAX5900/MAX5901 begin to gradually
turn on the MOSFET. During this turn-on phase, the
MAX5900/MAX5901 slowly enhance the MOSFET,
allowing the voltage on the load, i.e. the drain of the
MOSFET, to fall no faster than 10V/ms (typ). The inrush
current to the load is thus limited to a level proportional
to the load capacitance, and the constant load voltage
slew rate. After the MOSFET is fully enhanced, and the
load voltage is settled to its final value, the MAX5900A/
MAX5901A and MAX5900L/MAX5901L monitor the volt-
age drop from the MOSFET’s drain-to-source (VDS). If
the voltage drop exceeds 75% of the circuit breaker
threshold the MAX5900A/MAX5901A or MAX5900L/
MAX5901L turn off the MOSFET, disconnecting the
load immediately. Because the circuit breaker function
is not activated until the MOSFET is fully enhanced, it
takes approximately 10ms for the MAX5900A/
MAX5901A or MAX5900L/MAX5901L to react to an out-
put short circuit at startup. If no circuit breaker fault
exists, the power-good output is asserted. Then, if any
of four conditions exist, the power-good output
deasserts and the MOSFET is turned off . The four con-
ditions are: the voltage across the MOSFET exceeds
the circuit breaker threshold; the supply voltage magni-
tude falls below the undervoltage lockout level; the die
temperature exceeds +125°C; or ON/OFFis forced low.
After a circuit breaker fault, the MAX5900L/MAX5901L
keep the MOSFET off until the power is cycled, or the
part is reset by toggling ON/OFFlow for at least 20ms
(typ). After a circuit breaker fault, the MAX5900A/
MAX5901A automatically restart in 300ms (typ). All ver-
sions automatically restart after a thermal fault, or an
undervoltage shutdown, if the fault condition goes away
for at least 300ms (typ).
ON/OFFoffers external control of the MAX5900/
MAX5901, facilitating power-supply sequencing, and
may also be used to change the UVLO level. UVLO
keeps the external MOSFET switched off as long as the
magnitude of the input voltage is less than a desired
level.
A power-good output, PGOOD(MAX5900) or PGOOD
(MAX5901), asserts when the external MOSFET is fully
enhanced and the drain-source voltage is at least 25%
below the circuit-breaker threshold. PGOOD and
PGOOD are open-drain outputs referenced to VEE, and
can withstand up to 100V above VEE.
A thermal shutdown feature protects the external MOS-
FET by turning it off if the die temperature of the
MAX5900/MAX5901 exceeds +125°C. The MAX5900/
MAX5901 must be in good thermal contact with the
external MOSFET. See Layout Guidelinesin the
ApplicationsInformationsection.
A circuit breaker function monitors the voltage across
the external MOSFET, VDS, and turns off the MOSFET if
VDSexceeds the circuit breaker threshold, VCB. The
circuit breaker function is enabled after the MOSFET is
fully enhanced. Three threshold voltage options are
available—200mV, 300mV, and 400mV. One version is
available with no circuit breaker function. Circuit break-
er fault management for the MAX5900/MAX5901 is
offered with two different configurations—latched and
automatic retry.
Latched Circuit BreakerAfter a circuit breaker trip event, the latched versions
(MAX5900L/MAX5901L) drive GATE to VEE, turning off
the external MOSFET, and PGOOD(PGOOD) is
deasserted. A latched-off condition needs to be reset
by toggling ON/OFFlow for at least 20ms, or by cycling
the power supply, VEE.
Automatic Retry Circuit BreakerAfter a circuit breaker trip event, the automatic retry
versions (MAX5900A/MAX5901A) drive GATE to VEE,
turning off the external MOSFET, and PGOOD
(PGOOD) is deasserted. If the start conditions are met
for a full 300ms (tRS) the start sequence is initiated. The
start conditions are: the device is not in UVLO; ON/OFF
is not driven low; and the device is not in thermal shut-
down.
No Circuit BreakerFor the versions without a circuit breaker MAX5900N
(MAX5901N), PGOOD(PGOOD) is asserted when the
MOSFET is fully enhanced. Once powered up, the
MAX5900N/MAX5901N ignore the MOSFET drain-to-
source voltage (VDS) for applications where a circuit-
breaker function is not desired.
Applications Information
ON/OFFControl InputThe ON/OFFcontrol input provides three hot-swap
functions: external ON/OFFcontrol; setting of the UVLO
level; and resetting after a circuit breaker event has
caused the MAX5900L/MAX5901L to turn off the exter-
nal MOSFET. Pulling ON/OFFto VEEfor at least 20ms
(tOFF) forces the MAX5900/MAX5901 to turn off the
external MOSFET (see Figure 2 for a circuit example).
To reset the MAX5900L/MAX5901L after a circuit-
breaker event, toggle ON/OFFto VEEfor at least 20ms
(tOFF).
ON/OFFcan be used to sequence power supplies.
Connecting a capacitor from ON/OFFto VEEwill delay
the rise of ON/OFFproportional to the capacitance and
input impedance of ON/OFF, typically 32kΩ(Figure 3).
MAX5900/MAX5901
100V SOT23 Simple Swapper Hot-Swap
Controllers
