MAX4091ASA ,Single/Dual/Quad / Micropower / Single-Supply / Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsApplicationsMAX4091AUK-T -40°C to +125°C 5 SOT23-5Portable Equipment MAX4091ASA -40°C to +125°C 8 S ..
MAX4091AUK+T ,Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsApplicationsMAX4091AUK-T -40°C to +125°C 5 SOT23-5Portable Equipment MAX4091ASA -40°C to +125°C 8 S ..
MAX4092 ,Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsApplicationsMAX4091AUK-T -40°C to +125°C 5 SOT23-5Portable Equipment MAX4091ASA -40°C to +125°C 8 S ..
MAX4092ASA ,Single/Dual/Quad / Micropower / Single-Supply / Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V = 2.7V to 6V, V = GND, V = 0, V = V /2, T = +25°C.)CC EE C ..
MAX4092ASA+ ,Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsApplicationsMAX4091AUK-T -40°C to +125°C 5 SOT23-5Portable Equipment MAX4091ASA -40°C to +125°C 8 S ..
MAX4092ASA+T ,Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = 2.7V to 6V, V = GND, V = 0, V = V /2, T = +25°C.)CC EE CM OUT CC APA ..
MAX776CSA ,-5V/-12V/-15V or Adjustable, High-Efficiency, Low IQ Inverting DC-DC ControllersGeneral Description ________
MAX776CSA ,-5V/-12V/-15V or Adjustable, High-Efficiency, Low IQ Inverting DC-DC ControllersApplicationsData Communicators__________Typical Operating Circuit __________________Pin Configurati ..
MAX776EPA ,-5V/-12V/-15V or Adjustable, High-Efficiency, Low IQ Inverting DC-DC ControllersELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V+ = 5V, I = 0mA, C = 0.1m F, T = T to T , unless otherwise noted. Typic ..
MAX776ESA ,-5V/-12V/-15V or Adjustable, High-Efficiency, Low IQ Inverting DC-DC ControllersApplicationsMAX774ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SOMAX774MJA -55°C to +125°C 8 CERDIPLCD-Bias GeneratorsOrder ..
MAX777 ,(MAX778 / MAX779) Low Voltage Input Output / Setp up DC-DC ConvertersELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAX 777/MAX 7 78/MAX 7 79
(VIN = 2.5V, ILOAD = 0mA, LX Tr. 22pH, C ..
MAX777LCSA ,Low-Voltage Input, 3V/3.3V/5V/ Adjustable Output, Step-Up DC-DC Convertersapplications (where the input can be above or below the out-MAX777LCSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SOput), refer ..
MAX4091ASA-MAX4092ASA-MAX4092AUA-MAX4094AUD
Single/Dual/Quad / Micropower / Single-Supply / Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
General DescriptionThe single MAX4091, dual MAX4092, and quad
MAX4094 operational amplifiers combine excellent DC
accuracy with Rail-to-Rail®operation at the input and
output. Since the common-mode voltage extends from
VCCto VEE, the devices can operate from either a sin-
gle supply (2.7V to 6V) or split supplies (±1.35V to
±3V). Each op amp requires less than 130µA of supply
current. Even with this low current, the op amps are
capable of driving a 1kΩload, and the input-referred
voltage noise is only 12nV/√Hz. In addition, these op
amps can drive loads in excess of 2000pF.
The precision performance of the MAX4091/MAX4092/
MAX4094 combined with their wide input and output
dynamic range, low-voltage, single-supply operation,
and very low supply current, make them an ideal
choice for battery-operated equipment, industrial, and
data acquisition and control applications. In addition,
the MAX4091 is available in space-saving 5-pin SOT23,
8-pin µMAX, and 8-pin SO packages. The MAX4092 is
available in 8-pin µMAX and SO packages, and the
MAX4094 is available in 14-pin TSSOP and 14-pin SO
packages.
________________________ApplicationsPortable Equipment
Battery-Powered Instruments
Data Acquisition and Control
Low-Voltage Signal Conditioning
FeaturesLow-Voltage, Single-Supply Operation (2.7V to 6V)Beyond-the-Rails™InputsNo Phase Reversal for Overdriven Inputs30µV Offset VoltageRail-to-Rail Output Swing with 1kΩLoadUnity-Gain Stable with 2000pF Load165µA (max) Quiescent Current Per Op Amp500kHz Gain-Bandwidth ProductHigh Voltage Gain (115dB)High Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (90dB) and
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio (100dB)Temperature Range (-40°C to +125°C)
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams19-2272; Rev 0; 1/02
Ordering InformationRail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
Beyond-the-Rails is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSStresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Supply Voltage (VCCto VEE)....................................................7V
Common-Mode Input Voltage..........(VCC+ 0.3V) to (VEE- 0.3V)
Differential Input Voltage.........................................±(VCC- VEE)
Input Current (IN+, IN-)....................................................±10mA
Output Short-Circuit Duration
OUT shorted to GND or VCC.................................Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
5-Pin SOT23 (derate 7.1mW/°C above +70°C)...........571mW
8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)...............471mW
8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C)............330mW
14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C).............667mW
14-Pin TSSOP (derate 9.1mW/°C above +70°C)........727mW
Operating Temperature Range.........................-40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(VCC= 2.7V to 6V, VEE= GND, VCM= 0, VOUT= VCC/2, TA= +25°C.)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(VCC= 2.7V to 6V, VEE= GND, VCM= 0, VOUT= VCC/2, TA= TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values specified at
Note 1:RLis connected to VEEfor AVOLsourcing and VOHtests. RLis connected to VCCfor AVOLsinking and VOLtests.
Note 2:All specifications are 100% tested at TA= +25°C. Specification limits over temperature (TA= TMINto TMAX) are guaranteed
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps0.011010,000
GAIN AND PHASE
vs. FREQUENCYMAX4091 toc01
FREQUENCY (kHz)
GAIN (dB)
PHASE (DEGREES)
0.011010,000
GAIN AND PHASE
vs. FREQUENCYMAX4091 toc02
FREQUENCY (kHz)
GAIN (dB)
PHASE (DEGREES)
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4091 toc03
FREQUENCY (kHz)
PSRR (dB)
0.011010,000
CHANNEL ISOLATION
vs. FREQUENCYMAX4901 toc04
FREQUENCY (kHz)
CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB)
OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4091 toc05
TEMPERATURE (C)
OFFSET VOLTAGE (100
OFFSET VOLTAGE vs.
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE
MAX4091 toc06
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V)
OFFSET VOLTAGE (534120
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4091 toc07
TEMPERATURE (C)
CMRR (dB)100
INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs.
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE
MAX4091 toc08
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)4321
INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs.
TEMPERATURE
MAX4091 toc09
TEMPERATURE (°C)
INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC= 5V, VEE= 0, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VCC= 5V, VEE= 0, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op AmpsMAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4091 toc19
TEMPERATURE (C)
- V
OUT
) (mV)
0.011010,000
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
vs. FREQUENCYMAX40912 toc20
FREQUENCY (kHz)
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (
0.111001,000
VOLTAGE-NOISE DENSITY
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4091 toc21
FREQUENCY (kHz)
VOLTAGE-NOISE DENSITY (nV/
Hz)
CURRENT-NOISE DENSITY
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4091 toc22
FREQUENCY (kHz)
CURRENT-NOISE DENSITY (pA/
Hz)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4091 toc23
FREQUENCY (Hz)
THD + N (%)
10010,000
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. PEAK-TO-PEAK SIGNAL AMPLITUDE
MAX4091 toc24
PEAK-TO-PEAK SIGNAL AMPLITUDE (V)
THD + N (%)
VIN
50mV/div
SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX4091 toc25
2µs/div
VOUT
50mV/div
VIN
50mV/div
SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX4091 toc26
2µs/div
VOUT
50mV/div
VIN
2V/div
LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX4091 toc27
20µs/div
VOUT
2V/div
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VCC= 5V, VEE= 0, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VCC= 5V, VEE= 0, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
Single/Dual/Quad, Micropower, Single-Supply,
Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Detailed DescriptionThe single MAX4091, dual MAX4092 and quad
MAX4094op amps combine excellent DC accuracy
with rail-to-rail operation at both input and output. With
their precision performance, wide dynamic range at low
supply voltages, and very low supply current, these op
amps are ideal for battery-operated equipment, indus-
trial, and data acquisition and control applications.
Applications Information
Rail-to-Rail Inputs and OutputsThe MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094’s input common-
mode range extends 50mV beyond the positive and
negative supply rails, with excellent common-mode
rejection. Beyond the specified common-mode range,
the outputs are guaranteed not to undergo phase
reversal or latchup. Therefore, the MAX4091/MAX4092/
MAX4094 can be used in applications with common-
mode signals, at or even beyond the supplies, without
the problems associated with typical op amps.
The MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094’s output voltage
swings to within 15mV of the supplies with a 100kΩ
load. This rail-to-rail swing at the input and the output
substantially increases the dynamic range, especially
in low-supply-voltage applications. Figure 1 shows the
input and output waveforms for the MAX4092, config-
ured as a unity-gain noninverting buffer operating from
a single 3V supply. The input signal is 3.0VP-P, a 1kHz
sinusoid centered at 1.5V. The output amplitude is
approximately 2.98VP-P.
Input Offset VoltageRail-to-rail common-mode swing at the input is obtained
by two complementary input stages in parallel, which
feed a folded cascaded stage. The PNP stage is active
for input voltages close to the negative rail, and the NPN
stage is active for input voltages close to the positive rail.
The offsets of the two pairs are trimmed. However,
there is some residual mismatch between them. This
mismatch results in a two-level input offset characteris-
tic, with a transition region between the levels occurring
at a common-mode voltage of approximately 1.3V
above VEE. Unlike other rail-to-rail op amps, the transi-
tion region has been widened to approximately 600mV
in order to minimize the slight degradation in CMRR
caused by this mismatch.
The input bias currents of the MAX4091/MAX4092/
MAX4094 are typically less than 20nA. The bias current
flows into the device when the NPN input stage is
active, and it flows out when the PNP input stage is
active. To reduce the offset error caused by input bias
current flowing through external source resistances,
match the effective resistance seen at each input.
Connect resistor R3 between the noninverting input and
ground when using the op amp in an inverting configu-
ration (Figure 2a); connect resistor R3 between the
noninverting input and the input signal when using the
op amp in a noninverting configuration (Figure 2b).
Select R3 to equal the parallel combination of R1 and
R2. High source resistances will degrade noise perfor-
mance, due to the the input current noise (which is mul-
tiplied by the source resistance).
Input Stage Protection CircuitryThe MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094 include internal pro-
tection circuitry that prevents damage to the precision
input stage from large differential input voltages. This
protection circuitry consists of back-to-back diodes
between IN+ and IN- with two 1.7kΩresistors in series
(Figure 3). The diodes limit the differential voltage
applied to the amplifiers’ internal circuitry to no more
than VF, where VFis the diodes’ forward-voltage drop
(about 0.7V at +25°C).
Input bias current for the ICs (±20nA) is specified for
small differential input voltages. For large differential
input voltages (exceeding VF), this protection circuitry
increases the input current at IN+ and IN-:
Output Loading and StabilityEven with their low quiescent current of less than
130µA per op amp, the MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094
are well suited for driving loads up to 1kΩwhile main-
taining DC accuracy. Stability while driving heavy
capacitive loads is another key advantage over compa-
rable CMOS rail-to-rail op amps.
In op amp circuits, driving large capacitive loads
increases the likelihood of oscillation. This is especially
true for circuits with high-loop gains, such as a unity-
gain voltage follower. The output impedance and a
capacitive load form an RC network that adds a pole to
the loop response and induces phase lag. If the pole
frequency is low enough—as when driving a large
capacitive load––the circuit phase margin is degraded,
leading to either an under-damped pulse response or
oscillation.
The MAX4091/MAX4092/MAX4094 can drive capacitive
loads in excess of 2000pF under certain conditions
(Figure 4). When driving capacitive loads, the greatest
potential for instability occurs when the op amp is
sourcing approximately 200µA. Even in this case, sta-
bility is maintained with up to 400pF of output capaci-
