MAX1999 ,High-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook ComputersApplicationsPGOOD 2 27 LX3ON3 3 26 DH3Notebook and Subnotebook ComputersON5 4 25 LDO3PDAs and Mobil ..
MAX19995AETX+T ,Dual, SiGe, High-Linearity, 1700MHz to 2200MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/SwitchApplications♦ External Current-Setting Resistors Provide OptionUMTS/WCDMA Base Stationsfor Operatin ..
MAX19997AETX+T ,Dual, SiGe, High-Linearity, High-Gain, 2300MHz to 2700MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/SwitchBlock Diagram appears atcdma2000 is a registered trademark of TelecommunicationsIndustry Associatio ..
MAX1999EEI ,High-Efficiency / Quad Output / Main Power- Supply Controllers for Notebook ComputersFeatures♦ No Current-Sense Resistor Needed (MAX1999)The MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999 dual step-down,swit ..
MAX1999EEI+ ,High-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook ComputersMAX1777/MAX1977/MAX199919-2187; Rev 1; 9/04High-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Pow er-Supply Control ..
MAX1999EEI+T ,High-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook ComputersELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and ..
MAX5033DASA+T ,500mA, 76V, High-Efficiency, MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC ConverterEVALUATION KIT AVAILABLEMAX5033 500mA, 76V, High-Efficiency, MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC Converter
MAX5033DUSA+ ,500mA, 76V, High-Efficiency, MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC ConverterFeaturesThe MAX5033 easy-to-use, high-efficiency, high-voltage, ● Wide 7.5V to 76V Input Voltage Ra ..
MAX5033DUSA+ ,500mA, 76V, High-Efficiency, MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC ConverterElectrical Characteristics (MAX5033_U_ _)(V = +12V, V = +12V, I = 0, T = 0°C to +85°C, unless other ..
MAX5033DUSA+T ,500mA, 76V, High-Efficiency, MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC ConverterApplicationsMAX5033BASA -40°C to +125°C 8 SO● Consumer ElectronicsMAX5033CUSA 0°C to +85°C 8 SO● In ..
MAX5033DUSA+T ,500mA, 76V, High-Efficiency, MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC ConverterElectrical Characteristics (MAX5033_U_ _) (continued)(V = +12V, V = +12V, I = 0, T = 0°C to +85°C, ..
MAX5035AASA ,1A, 76V, High-Efficiency MAXPower Step-Down DC-DC ConverterELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX5035_U_ _)(V = +12V, V = +12V, I = 0, T = 0°C to +85°C, unless other ..
MAX1999
High-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
neral DescriptionThe MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999 dual step-down,
switch-mode power-supply (SMPS) controllers generate
logic-supply voltages in battery-powered systems. The
MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999 include two pulse-width
modulation (PWM) controllers, adjustable from 2V to 5.5V
or fixed at 5V and 3.3V. These devices feature two linear
regulators providing 5V and 3.3V always-on outputs.
Each linear regulator provides up to 100mA output cur-
rent with automatic linear regulator bootstrapping to the
main SMPS outputs. The MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999
include on-board power-up sequencing, a power-good
(PGOOD) output, digital soft-start, and internal soft-stop
output discharge that prevents negative voltages on shut-
down.
Maxim’s proprietary Quick-PWM™ quick-response, con-
stant on-time PWM control scheme operates without
sense resistors and provides 100ns response to load
transients while maintaining a relatively constant switch-
ing frequency. The unique ultrasonic pulse-skipping
mode maintains the switching frequency above 25kHz,
which eliminates noise in audio applications. Other fea-
tures include pulse skipping, which maximizes efficiency
in light-load applications, and fixed-frequency PWM
mode, which reduces RF interference in sensitive appli-
cations.
The MAX1777 features a 200kHz/5V and 300kHz/3.3V
SMPS for highest efficiency, while the MAX1977 features
a 400kHz/5V and 500kHz/3.3V SMPS for “thin and light”
applications. The MAX1999 provides a pin-selectable
switching frequency, allowing either 200kHz/300kHz or
400kHz/500kHz operation of the 5V/3.3V SMPSs, respec-
tively. The MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999 are available in
28-pin QSOP packages and operate over the extended
temperature range (-40°C to +85°C). The MAX1777/
MAX1977/MAX1999 are available in lead-free packages.
ApplicationsNotebook and Subnotebook Computers
PDAs and Mobile Communication Devices
3- and 4-Cell Li+ Battery-Powered Devices
atureNo Current-Sense Resistor Needed (MAX1999)Accurate Current Sense with Current-Sense
Resistor (MAX1777/MAX1977)1.5% Output Voltage Accuracy3.3V and 5V 100mA Bootstrapped Linear
RegulatorsInternal Soft-Start and Soft-Stop Output
DischargeQuick-PWM with 100ns Load Step Response3.3V and 5V Fixed or Adjustable Outputs
(Dual Mode™)4.5V to 24V Input Voltage RangeUltrasonic Pulse-Skipping Mode (25kHz min)Power-Good (PGOOD) SignalOvervoltage Protection Enable/Disableigh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Powe
Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Ordering Information19-2187; Rev 1; 9/04
PARTTEMP RANGEPIN-
PACKAGE
5V/3V
SWITCHING
FREQUENCY
MAX1777EEI-40°C to +85°C28 QSOP200kH z/300kH z
MAX1777EEI+-40°C to +85°C28 QSOP200kH z/300kH z
MAX1977EEI-40°C to +85°C28 QSOP400kH z/500kH z
MAX1977EEI+-40°C to +85°C28 QSOP400kH z/500kH z
MAX1999EEI-40°C to +85°C28 QSOP200kH z/300kH z or
400kH z/500kH z
MAX1999EEI+-40°C to +85°C28 QSOP200kH z/300kH z or
400kH z/500kH z
Quick-PWM and Dual Mode are trademarks of Maxim
Integrated Products, Inc.
BST3
LX3
DH3
LDO3
DL3
GND
LX5
OUT3
OUT5
DL5
LDO5
VCC
DH5
BST5
TON
ILIM5
FB5
REF
FB3
ILIM3
ON5
ON3
PGOOD
N.C.
QSOPTOP VIEW
MAX1999SHDN
PRO
SKIP
Pin Configurations
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.+Denotes lead-free package.
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
V+, SHDNto GND..................................................-0.3V to +25V
BST_ to GND..........................................................-0.3V to +30V
LX_ to BST_..............................................................-6V to +0.3V
CS_ to GND (MAX1777/MAX1977 only)......................-2V to +6V
VCC, LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, ON3, ON5, REF,
FB3, FB5, SKIP, PRO, PGOOD to GND...............-0.3V to +6V
DH3 to LX3..............................................-0.3V to (VBST3+ 0.3V)
DH5 to LX5..............................................-0.3V to (VBST5+ 0.3V)
ILIM3, ILIM5 to GND...................................-0.3V to (VCC+ 0.3V)
DL3, DL5 to GND....................................-0.3V to (VLDO5+ 0.3V)
TON to GND (MAX1999 only)...................................-0.3V to +6V
LDO3, LDO5, REF Short Circuit to GND....................Momentary
LDO3 Current (Internal Regulator) Continuous..............+100mA
LDO3 Current (Switched Over to OUT3) Continuous.....+200mA
LDO5 Current (Internal Regulator) Continuous..............+100mA
LDO5 Current (Switched Over to OUT5) Continuous.....+200mA
Continuous Power Dissipation
28-Pin QSOP (derate 10.8mW/°C above +70°C).........860mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
MAIN SMPS CONTROLLERSLDO5 in regulation624V+ Input Voltage RangeV+ = LDO5, VOUT5 < 4.43V4.55.5V
3.3V Output Voltage in
Fixed ModeV+ = 6V to 24V, FB3 = GND, V SKIP = 5V3.2853.3303.375V
V+ = 6V to 24V, FB5 = GND, V SKIP = 5V,
MAX1777/MAX1999 (TON = VCC)
5V Output Voltage in Fixed Mode
V+ = 7V to 24V, FB5 = GND, V SKIP = 5V,
MAX1977/MAX1999 (TON = GND)
4.9755.0505.125V
Output Voltage in
Adjustable ModeV+ = 6V to 24V, either SMPS1.9752.002.025V
Output Voltage Adjust RangeEither SMPS2.05.5V
FB3, FB5 Adjustable-Mode
Threshold VoltageDual-mode comparator0.10.2V
Either SMPS, V SKIP = 5V, 0 to 5A-0.1
Either SMPS, SKIP = GND, 0 to 5A-1.5DC Load Regulation
Either SMPS, V SKIP = 2V, 0 to 5A-1.7
Line RegulationEither SMPS, 6V < V+ < 24V0.005%/V
Current-Limit Threshold
(Positive, Default)
ILIM_ = VCC, GND - CS_ (MAX1777/MAX1977),
GND - LX_ (MAX1999)93100107mV
VILIM_ = 0.5V405060
VILIM_ = 1V93100107Current-Limit Threshold
(Positive, Adjustable)
GND - CS_
(MAX1777/MAX1977),
GND - LX_ (MAX1999)VILIM_ = 2V185200215
Zero-Current ThresholdSKIP = GND, ILIM_ = VCC, GND - CS_
(MAX1777/MAX1977), GND - LX_ (MAX1999)3mV
Current-Limit Threshold
(Negative, Default)
SKIP = ILIM_ = VCC, GND - CS_ (MAX1777/MAX1977),
GND - LX_ (MAX1999)-120mV
Soft-Start Ramp TimeZero to full limit1.7ms
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS5V SMPS200MAX1777 or MAX1999
(VTON = 5V), SKIP = VCC3.3V SMPS300
5V SMPS400MAX1977 or MAX1999
(VTON = 0), SKIP = VCC3.3V SMPS500
Operating Frequency
SKIP = REF2536
kHz
VOUT5 = 5.05V1.8952.1052.315MAX1777 or MAX1999
(VTON = 5V)VOUT3 = 3.33V0.8330.9251.017
VOUT5 = 5.05V0.8951.0521.209On-Time Pulse Width
MAX1977 or MAX1999
(VTON = 0)VOUT3 = 3.33V0.4750.5550.635
Minimum Off-Time250300350ns
VOUT5 = 5.05V94MAX1777 or MAX1999
(VTON = 5V)VOUT3 = 3.33V91
VOUT5 = 5.05V88Maximum Duty Cycle
MAX1977 or MAX1999
(VTON = 0)VOUT3 = 3.33V85
INTERNAL REGULATOR AND REFERENCELDO5 Output VoltageON3 = ON5 = GND, 6V < V+ < 24V, 0 < ILDO5 < 100mA4.905.005.10V
LDO5 Short-Circuit CurrentLDO5 = GND190mA
LDO5 Undervoltage Lockout
Fault ThresholdFalling edge of LDO5, hysteresis = 1%3.74.04.3V
LDO5 Bootstrap Switch ThresholdFalling edge of OUT5, rising edge at OUT5 regulation
point4.434.564.69V
LDO5 Bootstrap
Switch ResistanceLDO5 to OUT5, VOUT5 = 5V1.43.2Ω
LDO3 Output VoltageON3 = ON5 = GND, 6V < V+ < 24V, 0 < ILDO3 < 100mA3.283.353.42V
LDO3 Short-Circuit CurrentLDO3 = GND180mA
LDO3 Bootstrap Switch ThresholdFalling edge of OUT3, rising edge at OUT3 regulation
point2.802.913.02V
LDO3 Bootstrap Switch
ResistanceLDO3 to OUT3, VOUT3 = 3.2V1.53.5Ω
REF Output VoltageNo external load1.9802.0002.020V
REF Load Regulation0 < ILOAD < 50μA10mV
REF Sink CurrentREF in regulation10μA
V+ Operating Supply CurrentLDO5 switched over to OUT5, 5V SMPS2550μA
V+ Standby Supply CurrentV+ = 6V to 24V, both SMPSs off, includes ISHDN150250μA
V+ Shutdown Supply CurrentV+ = 4.5V to 24V615μA
Quiescent Power ConsumptionBoth SMPSs on, FB3 = FB5 = SKIP = GND, VOUT3 =
3.5V, VOUT5 = 5.3V34.5mW
FAULT DETECTIONOvervoltage Trip ThresholdFB3 or FB5 with respect to nominal regulation point+8+11+14%
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSOvervoltage Fault
Propagation DelayFB3 or FB5 delay with 50mV overdrive10μs
PGOOD ThresholdFB3 or FB5 with respect to nominal output, falling edge,
typical hysteresis = 1%-12-9.5-7%
PGOOD Propagation DelayFalling edge, 50mV overdrive10μs
PGOOD Output Low VoltageISINK = 4mA0.3V
PGOOD Leakage CurrentHigh state, forced to 5.5V1μA
Thermal Shutdown Threshold160oC
Output Undervoltage
Shutdown ThresholdFB3 or FB5 with respect to nominal output voltage657075%
Output Undervoltage
Shutdown Blanking TimeFrom ON_ signal102235ms
INPUTS AND OUTPUTSFeedback Input Leakage CurrentVFB3 = VFB5 = 2.2V-200+40+200nA
Low level0.6PRO Input VoltageHigh level1.5V
Low level0.8
Float level1.72.3SKIP Input Voltage
High level2.4
Low level0.8TON Input VoltageHigh level2.4V
Clear fault level/SMPS off level0.8
Delay start level1.72.3ON3, ON5 Input Voltage
SMPS on level2.4
V PRO or VTON = 0 or 5V-1+1
VON_ = 0 or 5V-2+2
V SKIP = 0 or 5V-1+1
V SHDN = 0 or 24V-1+1
VCS_ = 0 or 5V-2+2
Input Leakage Current
VILIM3, VILIM5 = 0 or 2V-0.2+0.2
Rising edge1.21.62.0SHDN Input Trip LevelFalling edge0.961.001.04V
DH_ Gate-Driver
Sink/Source CurrentDH3, DH5 forced to 2V2A
DL_ Gate-Driver Source CurrentDL3 (source), DL5 (source), forced to 2V1.7A
DL_ Gate-Driver Sink CurrentDL3 (sink), DL5 (sink), forced to 2V3.3A
DH_ Gate-Driver On-ResistanceBST - LX_ forced to 5V1.54.0Ω
DL_, high state (pullup)2.25.0DL_ Gate-Driver On-ResistanceDL_, low state (pulldown)0.61.5Ω
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSOUT3, OUT5 Discharge-Mode
On-Resistance1240Ω
OUT3, OUT5 Discharge-Mode
Synchronous Rectifier
Turn-On Level
0.20.30.4V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Circuit of Figure 1and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
MAIN SMPS CONTROLLERSLDO5 in regulation624V+ Input Voltage RangeV+ = LDO5, VOUT5 < 4.41V4.55.5V
3.3V Output Voltage in
Fixed ModeV+ = 6V to 24V, FB3 = GND, V SKIP = 5V3.273.39V
V+ = 6V to 24V, FB5 = GND, V SKIP = 5V,
MAX1777/MAX1999 (TON = VCC)5V Output Voltage in Fixed Mode
V+ = 7V to 24V, FB5 = GND, V SKIP = 5V,
MAX1977/MAX1999 (TON = GND)
4.955.15V
Output Voltage in
Adjustable ModeV+ = 6V to 24V, either SMPS1.972.03V
Output Voltage Adjust RangeEither SMPS2.05.5V
FB3, FB5 Adjustable-Mode
Threshold VoltageDual-mode comparator0.10.2V
Current-Limit Threshold
(Positive, Default)
ILIM_ = VCC, GND - CS_ (MAX1777/MAX1977),
GND - LX_ (MAX1999)90110mV
VILIM_ = 0.5V4060
VILIM_ = 1V90110Current-Limit Threshold
(Positive, Adjustable)
GND - CS_
(MAX1777/MAX1977),
GND - LX_ (MAX1999)VILIM_ = 2V180220
VOUT5 = 5.05V1.8952.315MAX1777 or MAX1999
(VTON = 5V)VOUT3 = 3.33V0.8331.017
VOUT5 = 5.05V0.8951.209On-Time Pulse Width
MAX1977 or MAX1999
(VTON = 0)VOUT3 = 3.33V0.4750.635
Minimum Off-Time200400ns
INTERNAL REGULATOR AND REFERENCELDO5 Output VoltageON3 = ON5 = GND, 6V < V+ < 24V, 0 < ILDO5 < 100mA4.905.10V
LDO5 Undervoltage
Lockout Fault ThresholdFalling edge of LDO5, hysteresis = 1%3.74.3V
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12.0.V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSLDO5 Bootstrap Switch ThresholdFalling edge of OUT5, rising edge at OUT5 regulation
point4.434.69V
LDO5 Bootstrap
Switch ResistanceLDO5 to OUT5, VOUT5 = 5V3.2Ω
LDO3 Output VoltageON3 = ON5 = GND, 6V < V+ < 24V, 0 < ILDO3 < 100mA3.273.43V
LDO3 Bootstrap Switch ThresholdFalling edge of OUT3, rising edge at OUT3 regulation
point2.803.02V
LDO3 Bootstrap
Switch ResistanceLDO3 to OUT3, VOUT3 = 3.2V3.5Ω
REF Output VoltageNo external load1.9752.025V
REF Load Regulation0 < ILOAD < 50μA10mV
REF Sink CurrentREF in regulation10μA
V+ Operating Supply CurrentLDO5 switched over to OUT5, 5V SMPS50μA
V+ Standby Supply CurrentV+ = 6V to 24V, both SMPSs off, includes ISHDN300μA
V+ Shutdown Supply CurrentV+ = 4.5V to 24V15μA
Quiescent Power ConsumptionBoth SMPSs on, FB3 = FB5 = SKIP = GND, VOUT3 =
3.5V, VOUT5 = 5.3V4.5mW
FAULT DETECTIONOvervoltage Trip ThresholdFB3 or FB5 with respect to nominal regulation point+8+14%
PGOOD ThresholdFB3 or FB5 with respect to nominal output, falling edge,
typical hysteresis = 1%-12-7%
PGOOD Output Low VoltageISINK = 4mA0.3V
PGOOD Leakage CurrentHigh state, forced to 5.5V1μA
Output Undervoltage
Shutdown ThresholdFB3 or FB5 with respect to nominal output voltage6575%
Output Undervoltage
Shutdown Blanking TimeFrom ON_ signal1040ms
INPUTS AND OUTPUTSFeedback Input Leakage CurrentVFB3 = VFB5 = 2.2V-200+200nA
Low level0.6PRO Input VoltageHigh level1.5V
Low level0.8
Float level1.72.3SKIP Input Voltage
High level2.4
Low level0.8TON Input VoltageHigh level2.4V
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12.0.V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, VSHDN= 5V,
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSClear fault level/SMPS off level0.8
Delay start level1.72.3ON3, ON5 Input Voltage
SMPS on level2.4
V PRO or VTON = 0 or 5V-1+1
VON_ = 0 or 5V-1+1
V SKIP = 0 or 5V-2+2
V SHDN = 0 or 24V-1+1
VCS_ = 0 or 5V-2+2
Input Leakage Current
VILIM3, VILIM5 = 0 or 2V-0.2+0.2
Rising edge1.22.0SHDN Input Trip LevelFalling edge0.961.04V
DH_ Gate-Driver On-ResistanceBST - LX_ forced to 5V4.0Ω
DL_, high state (pullup)5.0DL_ Gate-Driver On-ResistanceDL_, low state (pulldown)1.5Ω
OUT3, OUT5 Discharge-Mode
On-Resistance40Ω
OUT3, OUT5 Discharge-Mode
Synchronous Rectifier
Turn-On Level
0.20.4V
Note 1:Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design, not production tested.
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Typical Operating Characteristics(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, SHDN= V+,
RCS= 7mΩ, VILIM_ = 0.5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
5V OUTPUT EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1777)
AX1777 toc01
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%
A: IDLE MODE, VIN = 7V
B: IDLE MODE, VIN = 12V
C: IDLE MODE, VIN = 24V
D: PWM MODE, VIN = 7V
E: PWM MODE, VIN = 12V
F: PWM MODE, VIN = 24V
5V OUTPUT EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1977)
AX1777 toc02
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%
A: IDLE MODE, VIN = 7V
B: IDLE MODE, VIN = 12V
C: IDLE MODE, VIN = 24V
D: PWM MODE, VIN = 7V
E: PWM MODE, VIN = 12V
F: PWM MODE, VIN = 24V
3.3V OUTPUT EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1777)
AX1777 toc03
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%
A: IDLE MODE, VIN = 7V
B: IDLE MODE, VIN = 12V
C: IDLE MODE, VIN = 24V
D: PWM MODE, VIN = 7V
E: PWM MODE, VIN = 12V
F: PWM MODE, VIN = 24V
3.3V OUTPUT EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1977)
1777 toc04
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%
A: IDLE MODE, VIN = 7V
B: IDLE MODE, VIN = 12V
C: IDLE MODE, VIN = 24V
D: PWM MODE, VIN = 7V
E: PWM MODE, VIN = 12V
F: PWM MODE, VIN = 24V101316192225
PWM NO-LOAD BATTERY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE1777 toc05
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m
MAX1977
MAX1777
IDLE-MODE NO-LOAD BATTERY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
1777 toc06
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
(m
MAX1977
MAX1777
STANDBY INPUT CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
X1777 toc07
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IN
(μ
MAX1777
MAX1977
SHUTDOWN INPUT CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
AX1777 toc08
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IN
(μ
MAX1977
MAX1777
5V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1777)
AX1777 toc09
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(k
PWM MODE
IDLE MODE
VIN = 7V
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, SHDN= V+,
RCS= 7mΩ, VILIM_ = 0.5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
3.3V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1777)
AX1777 toc10
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(kH
PWM MODE
PFM MODE
VIN = 7V
ULTRASONIC MODE
5V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1777)
AX1777 toc11
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(kH
PWM MODE
PFM MODE
VIN = 24V
ULTRASONIC MODE
3.3V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1777)
AX1777 toc12
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(kH
PWM MODE
PFM MODE
VIN = 24V
ULTRASONIC MODE
5V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1977)
AX1777 toc13
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(k
PWM MODE
IDLE MODE
VIN = 7V10
3.3V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1977)
X1777 toc14
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(k
PWM MODE
PFM MODE
VIN = 7V
ULTRASONIC MODE
5V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1977)
1777 toc15
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(k
PWM MODE
PFM MODE
VIN = 24V
ULTRASONIC MODE10
3.3V OUTPUT SWITCHING
FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (MAX1977)
1777 toc16
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(k
PWM MODE
IDLE MODE
VIN = 24V
ULTRASONIC MODE
OUT5 VOLTAGE REGULATION
vs. LOAD CURRENT
X1777 toc17
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(V
FORCED PWM
IDLE MODE
ULTRASONIC MODE10
OUT3 VOLTAGE REGULATION
vs. LOAD CURRENT
X1777 toc18
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(V
FORCED PWM
IDLE MODE
ULTRASONIC
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, SHDN= V+,
RCS= 7mΩ, VILIM_ = 0.5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
LDO5 REGULATOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
AX1777 toc19
LDO5 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
(V
LDO3 REGULATOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
AX1777 toc20
LDO3 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
(V
REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
AX1777 toc21
IREF (μA)
F (V
3.3V
12V
REF, LDO3, AND LDO5 POWER-UPMAX1777 toc22
4ms/div
5V/div
LDO3
2V/div
LDO5
5V/div
REF
2V/div
3.3V
DELAYED START WAVEFORMS
(ON3 = REF)MAX1777 toc23
200μs/div
ON5
2V/div
OUT3
2V/div
OUT5
2V/div
3.3V
DELAYED START WAVEFORMS
(ON5 = REF)MAX1777 toc24
200μs/div
ON3
2V/div
OUT3
2V/div
OUT5
2V/div
3.3V
SOFT-START WAVEFORMSMAX1777 toc25
200μs/div
IL5
5A/div
OUT3
5V/div
OUT5
5V/div
IL3
5A/div
3.3V
SHUTDOWN WAVEFORMSMAX1777 toc26
10ms/div
ON3
5V/div
OUT5
5V/div
DL3
5V/div
OUT3
5V/divSWITCHING
MAX1777/MAX1999 (TON = VCC)
5V PWM-MODE
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX1777 toc27
20μs/div
VOUT,
AC-
COUPLED
100mV/div
INDUCTOR
CURRENT
2A/div
DL5
5V/div
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
MAX1977/MAX1999 (TON = GND)
5V PWM-MODE
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX1777 toc28
10μs/div
VOUT,
AC-
COUPLED
100mV/div
INDUCTOR
CURRENT
2A/div
DL5
5V/div
3.3V
MAX1777/MAX1999 (TON = VCC)
3.3V PWM-MODE
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX1777 toc29
20μs/div
VOUT,
AC-
COUPLED
100mV/div
INDUCTOR
CURRENT
2A/div
DL3
5V/div
3.3V
MAX1977/MAX1999 (TON = GND)
3.3V PWM-MODE
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX1777 toc30
10μs/div
VOUT,
AC-
COUPLED
100mV/div
INDUCTOR
CURRENT
2A/div
DL3
5V/div
5V ULTRASONIC EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (TON = VCC)AX1777 toc31
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%0.10.01
VIN = 12V
VIN = 24V
5V ULTRASONIC EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (TON = GND)AX1777 toc32
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%0.10.01
VIN = 12V
VIN = 24V
3.3V ULTRASONIC EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (TON = VCC)AX1777 toc33
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%0.10.01
VIN = 7V
VIN = 12V
VIN = 24V
3.3V ULTRASONIC EFFICIENCY
vs. LOAD CURRENT (TON = GND)AX1777 toc34
LOAD CURRENT (A)
(%0.10.01
VIN = 7V
VIN = 12V
VIN = 24V
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(Circuit of Figure 1 and Figure 2, no load on LDO5, LDO3, OUT3, OUT5, and REF, V+ = 12V, ON3 = ON5 = VCC, SHDN= V+,
RCS= 7mΩ, VILIM_ = 0.5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Pin Description
PIN
MAX1777
MAX1977MAX1999NAMEFUNCTION—CS3
3.3V SMPS Current-Sense Input. Connect CS3 to a current-sensing resistor from the source of
the synchronous rectifier to GND. The voltage at ILIM3 determines the current-limit threshold
(see the Current-Limit (ILIM) Circuit section).1N.C.No Connection. Not internally connected.2PGOODPower-Good Output. PGOOD is an open-drain output that is pulled low if either output is
disabled or is more than 10% below its nominal value.3ON3
3.3V SMPS Enable Input. The 3.3V SMPS is enabled if ON3 is greater than the SMPS on level
and disabled if ON3 is less than the SMPS off level. If ON3 is connected to REF, the 3.3V
SMPS starts after the 5V SMPS reaches regulation (delay start). Drive ON3 below the clear
fault level to reset the fault latches.4ON5
5V SMPS Enable Input. The 5V SMPS is enabled if ON5 is greater than the SMPS on level and
disabled if ON5 is less than the SMPS off level. If ON5 is connected to REF, the 5V SMPS
starts after the 3.3V SMPS reaches regulation (delay start). Drive ON5 below the clear fault
level to reset the fault latches.5ILIM3
3.3V SMPS Current-Limit Adjustment. The GND-LX current-limit threshold defaults to 100mV if
ILIM3 is tied to VCC. In adjustable mode, the current-limit threshold is 1/10th the voltage seen
at ILIM3 over a 0.5V to 3V range. The logic threshold for switchover to the 100mV default value
is approximately VCC - 1V. Connect ILIM3 to REF for a fixed 200mV threshold.6SHDN
Shutdown Control Input. The device enters its 6μA supply current shutdown mode if
V SHDN is less than the SHDN input falling edge trip level and does not restart until V SHDN is
greater than the SHDN input rising edge trip level. Connect SHDN to V+ for automatic startup.
SHDN can be connected to V+ through a resistive voltage-divider to implement a
programmable undervoltage lockout.7FB33.3V SMPS Feedback Input. Connect FB3 to GND for fixed 3.3V operation. Connect FB3 to a
resistive voltage-divider from OUT3 to GND to adjust the output from 2V to 5.5V.8REF
2V Reference Output. Bypass to GND with a 0.22μF (min) capacitor. REF can source up to
100μA for external loads. Loading REF degrades FB_ and output accuracy according to the
REF load-regulation error.9FB55V SMPS Feedback Input. Connect FB5 to GND for fixed 5V operation. Connect FB5 to a
resistive voltage-divider from OUT5 to GND to adjust the output from 2V to 5.5V.10PRO
Overvoltage and Undervoltage Fault Protection Enable/Disable. Connect PRO to VCC to
disable undervoltage and overvoltage protection. Connect PRO to GND to enable
undervoltage and overvoltage protection (see the Fault Protection section).11ILIM5
5V SMPS Current-Limit Adjustment. The GND-LX current-limit threshold defaults to 100mV if
ILIM5 is tied to VCC. In adjustable mode, the current-limit threshold is 1/10th the voltage seen
at ILIM5 over a 0.5V to 3V range. The logic threshold for switchover to the 100mV default value
is approximately VCC - 1V. Connect ILIM5 to REF for a fixed 200mV threshold.12SKIP
Low-Noise Mode Control. Connect SKIP to GND for normal idle-mode (pulse-skipping)
operation or to VCC for PWM mode (fixed frequency). Connect to REF or leave floating for
ultrasonic mode (pulse skipping, 25kHz minimum).
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
MAX1777
MAX1977MAX1999NAMEFUNCTION—CS5
5V SMPS Current-Sense Input. Connect CS5 to a current-sensing resistor from the source of
the synchronous rectifier to GND. The voltage at ILIM5 determines the current-limit threshold
(see the Current-Limit Circuit section).13TONFrequency Select Input. Connect to VCC for 200kHz/300kHz operation and to GND for
400kHz/500kHz operation (5V/3.3V SMPS switching frequencies, respectively).14BST5
Boost Flying Capacitor Connection for 5V SMPS. Connect to an external capacitor and diode
according to the Typical Application Circuits (Figure 1 and Figure 2). See the MOSFET Gate
Drivers (DH_, DL_) section.15LX5Inductor Connection for 5V SMPS. LX5 is the internal lower supply rail for the DH5 high-side
gate driver. LX5 is the current-sense input for the 5V SMPS (MAX1999 only).16DH5High-Side MOSFET Floating Gate-Driver Output for 5V SMPS. DH5 swings from LX5 to BST5.17VCCAnalog Supply Voltage Input for PWM Core. Connect VCC to the system supply voltage with a
series 50Ω resistor. Bypass to GND with a 1μF ceramic capacitor.18LDO5
5V Linear-Regulator Output. LDO5 is the gate-driver supply for the external MOSFETs. LDO5
can provide a total of 100mA, including MOSFET gate-drive requirements and external loads.
The internal load depends on the choice of MOSFET and switching frequency (see the
Reference and Linear Regulators (REF, LDO5, and LDO3) section). If OUT5 is greater than the
LDO5 bootstrap switch threshold, the LDO5 regulator shuts down and the LDO5 pin connects
to OUT5 through a 1.4Ω switch. Bypass LDO5 with a minimum of 4.7μF. Use an additional 1μF
per 5mA of load.19DL55V SMPS Synchronous Rectifier Gate-Drive Output. DL5 swings between GND and LDO5.20V+
Power-Supply Input. V+ powers the LDO5/LDO3 linear regulators and is also used for the
Quick-PWM on-time one-shot circuits. Connect V+ to the battery input through a 4Ω resistor
and bypass with a 4.7μF capacitor.21OUT5
5V SMPS Output Voltage-Sense Input. Connect to the 5V SMPS output. OUT5 is an input to the
Quick-PWM on-time one-shot circuit. It also serves as the 5V feedback input in fixed-voltage
mode. If OUT5 is greater than the LDO5 bootstrap-switch threshold, the LDO5 linear regulator
shuts down and LDO5 connects to OUT5 through a 1.4Ω switch.22OUT3
3.3V SMPS Output Voltage-Sense Input. Connect to the 3.3V SMPS output. OUT3 is an input to
the Quick-PWM on-time one-shot circuit. It also serves as the 3V feedback input in fixed-
voltage mode. If OUT3 is greater than the LDO3 bootstrap-switch threshold, the LDO3 linear
regulator shuts down and LDO3 connects to OUT3 through a 1.5Ω switch.23GNDAnalog and Power Ground24DL33.3V SMPS Synchronous-Rectifier Gate-Drive Output. DL3 swings between GND and LDO5.25LDO3
3.3V Linear-Regulator Output. LDO3 can provide a total of 100mA to external loads. If OUT3 is
greater than the LDO3 bootstrap-switch threshold, the LDO3 regulator shuts down and the
LDO3 pin connects to OUT3 through a 1.5Ω switch. Bypass LDO3 with a minimum of 4.7μF.
Use an additional 1μF per 5mA of load.26DH3High-Side MOSFET Floating Gate-Driver Output for 3.3V SMPS. DH3 swings from LX3 to BST3.27LX3Inductor Connection for 3.3V SMPS. LX3 is the current-sense input for the 3.3V SMPS
(MAX1999 only).28BST3
Boost Flying Capacitor Connection for 3.3V SMPS. Connect to an external capacitor and diode
according to the Typical Application Circuits (Figure 1 and Figure 2). See the MOSFET Gate
Drivers (DH_, DL_) section.
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers
Typical Application CircuitThe typical application circuits (Figures 1 and 2) gener-
ate the 5V/5A and 3.3V/5A main supplies in a notebook
computer. The input supply range is 7V to 24V. Table 1
lists component suppliers.
Detailed DescriptionThe MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999 dual-buck, BiCMOS,
switch-mode power-supply controllers generate logic
supply voltages for notebook computers.The
MAX1777/MAX1977/MAX1999 are designed primarily
for battery-powered applications where high-efficiency
and low-quiescent supply current are critical.
The MAX1777 is optimized for highest efficiency with a
5V/200kHz SMPS and a 3.3V/300kHz SMPS, while the
MAX1777/
MAX1977
VIN 7V TO 24V
10μF
4.7μF
1/2
0.1μF
0.1μF
FDS6612A5V
EP10QY03
IRF7811AV
OFF
VCC
REF
0.22μF4.7μF
3.3V ALWAYS ON
1MΩ
100kΩ
VCC
50Ω
1μF
5V ALWAYS ON
4.7μF
10μF
1μF
10μF
1/2
CMPSH-3A
0.1μF
FDS6612A3.3V
EP10QY03N4
IRF7811AV
LDO5ILIM3VCC
BST5
DH5
LX5
CS5
DL5
OUT5
FB5
PGOOD
FB3
OUT3
DL3
LX3
DH3
BST3
ILIM5
ON5
ON3
GND
SHDN
REFLDO3
PRO
SKIP
400kHz/500kHz
MAX1977
200kHz/300kHz
MAX1777
5V/3.3V SMPS
SWITCHING FREQUENCY
4.7μH
7.6μH
470μF
330μF
3.0μH
5.6μH
220μF
150μF
FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT COMPONENTS
10Ω
RCS5
20mΩRCS3
20mΩ
10Ω
CS3
Figure 1. MAX1777/MAX1977 Typical Application Circuit
MANUFACTURERPHONEFACTORY FAXCentral Semiconductor516-435-1110516-435-1824
Dale-Vishay402-564-3131402-563-6418
Fairchild408-721-2181408-721-1635
International Rectifier310-322-3331310-322-3332
NIEC (Nihon)805-843-7500847-843-2798
Sanyo619-661-6835619-661-1055
Sprague603-224-1961603-224-1430
Sumida847-956-0666847-956-0702
Taiyo Yuden408-573-4150408-573-4159
TDK847-390-4461847-390-4405
Table 1. Component Suppliers
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers*OPTIONAL CAPACITANCE BETWEEN
LX AND PGND (CLOSE TO THE IC) ONLY
REQUIRED FOR ULTRASONIC MODE
MAX1999
VIN 7V TO 24V
10μF
4.7μF
1/2
0.1μF
0.1μF
FDS6612A5V
EP10QY03
IRF7811AV
OFF
VCC
REF
0.22μF4.7μF
3.3V ALWAYS ON
1MΩ
100kΩ
VCC
50Ω
1μF
5V ALWAYS ON
4.7μF
10μF
1μF
10μF
1/2
CMPSH-3A
0.1μF
FDS6612A3.3V
EP10QY03N4
IRF7811AV
LDO5ILIM3VCC
BST5
DH5
LX5
DL5
OUT5
FB5
PGOOD
FB3
OUT3
DL3
TON
LX3
DH3
BST3
ILIM5
ON5
ON3
GND
SHDN
REFLDO3
PRO
SKIP
400kHz/500kHz
TON = GND
200kHz/300kHz
TON = VCC
5V/3.3V SMPS
SWITCHING FREQUENCY
4.7μH
7.6μH
470μF
330μF
3.0μH
5.6μH
220μF
150μF
FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT COMPONENTS
SEE
TABLE
10Ω
470pF*
10Ω
470pF*
Figure 2. MAX1999 Typical Application Circuit
igh-Efficiency, Quad Output, Main Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook ComputersMAX1977 is optimized for “thin and light” applications with a
5V/400kHz SMPS and a 3.3V/500kHz SMPS. The MAX1999
provides a pin-selectable switching frequency, allowing
either 200kHz/300kHz or 400kHz/500kHz operation of the
5V/3.3V SMPSs, respectively.
Light-load efficiency is enhanced by automatic Idle
Mode™ operation, a variable-frequency pulse-skipping
mode that reduces transition and gate-charge losses.
Each step-down, power-switching circuit consists of two
N-channel MOSFETs, a rectifier, and an LC output filter.
The output voltage is the average AC voltage at the
switching node, which is regulated by changing the duty
cycle of the MOSFET switches. The gate-drive signal to
the N-channel high-side MOSFET must exceed the
battery voltage, and is provided by a flying-capacitor
boost circuit that uses a 100nF capacitor connected to
BST_.
MAX1777/
MAX1977/
MAX1999
LDO5
DL3
CS3
(MAX1777/
MAX1977)
ILIM3
FB3
OUT3
LDO3
ON3
ON5
SHDN
PRO
2.91V
LINEAR
REG
POWER-ON SEQUENCE/
CLEAR FAULT LATCH
EN3
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
LINEAR
REG
REFERENCE
3.3V
SMPS PWM
CONTROLLER
SMPS PWM
CONTROLLER
4.56V
PGOOD3
PGOOD5
PGOOD
LDO5
BST5
DH5
LX5
EN5
DL5
CS5
(MAX1777/
MAX1977)
ILIM5
FB5
OUT5
LDO5
VCC
REF
GND
TON
(MAX1999 ONLY)
BST3
DH3
LX3
Figure 3. Detailed Functional Diagram
Idle Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
