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MAX16823ATE+-MAX16823AUE+-MAX16823AUE+T
High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness LED Driver with Open LED Detection
General DescriptionThe MAX16823 three-channel LED driver operates from 5.5V to 40V input voltage range and delivers up to
100mA per channel to one or more strings of high-
brightness LEDs (HB LEDs). Each channel’s current is
programmable using an external current-sense resistor
in series with the LEDs. Three DIM inputs allow a wide
range of independent pulsed dimming in addition to
providing the on and off control of the outputs. Wave-
shaping circuitry reduces EMI while providing fast turn-on
and turn-off times.
The MAX16823 is well suited for automotive
applications requiring a high-voltage input and is able to
withstand load-dump events up to 45V. On-board pass
elements minimize external components while providing
±5% LED current accuracy. Additional features include an
active-high, open-drain LEDGOOD output for open LED
detection, a +3.4V (±5%) regulated output with 4mA
output current capability, short-circuit and thermal
protections.
The MAX16823 is available in thermally enhanced 5mm x
5mm, 16-pin TQFN-EP and 16–pin TSSOP-EP packages
and is specified over the -40°C to +125°C automotive
temperature range.
Applications●Automotive Exterior: Rear Combination Lights
(RCLs), CHMSL●Automotive Interior: RGB Ambient Lighting, Cluster
Lighting, and LCD Backlighting●Emergency Vehicle Warning Lights●Navigation and Marine Indicators●Architectural and Industrial Lighting
Features●5.5V to 40V Operating Range●Adjustable Constant Output Current
(5mA to 100mA and Up to 2A with External BJT)●±5% Output Current Accuracy●Open LED Detection●Three Independent High-Voltage DIM Inputs●Three Integrated Pass Elements with Low Dropout
Voltage (0.7V max)●Undervoltage Lockout●Output Short-Circuit Protection●3.4V Voltage Regulator with 4mA Capability●Accurate, Low 203mV Current Sense●Overtemperature Shutdown●-40°C to +125°C Operating Temperature Range
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
MAX16823High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness
LED Driver with Open LED Detection
Typical Operating CircuitCS1CS2CS3
OUT3
CS1
CS2
CS3
GND
LEDGOOD
DIM2
DIM1
VIN
CIN
RLEDGOOD
CLGC
REG
CREG
LGC
DIM3
REG
OUT2
OUT1
MAX16823
EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE
IN to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +45V
OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, DIM1, DIM2,
DIM3 to GND ..........................................-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V)
REG, LGC, LEDGOOD to GND ..............................-0.3V to +6V
CS1, CS2, CS3 to GND .......................................-0.3V to +0.5V
OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 Short Circuited
to GND Duration (VIN + 16V) ........................................60min
Maximum Current into Any Pin
(except IN, OUT1, OUT2, OUT3) .................................±20mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)16-Pin TQFN 5mm x 5mm
(derate 33.3mW/°C above +70°C) .........................2666mW16-Pin TSSOP (derate 26.1mW/°C above +70°C) .2088.8mW
Operating Temperature Range .........................-40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range ............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
(VIN = 12V, CREG = 0.1μF, IREG = 0, CLGC = 15nF, VDIM1 = VDIM2 = VDIM3 = 3.4V, RCS_ = 2.85Ω from CS_ to GND, TJ = TA = -40°C
to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1)
MAX16823High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness
LED Driver with Open LED Detection
Absolute Maximum RatingsStresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Electrical Characteristics
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSSupply Voltage RangeVIN5.540V
Undervoltage LockoutUVLO
VIN rising4.44.95.4
VIN falling4.04.65.2
Ground CurrentIGIOUT1 = IOUT2 = IOUT3 = 70mA1.53mA
Guaranteed Output CurrentIOUT100mA
LED Current-Sense Accuracy5mA ≤ IOUT_ ≤ 70mA5%
Dropout Voltage (Note 2)∆VDO
IOUT_ = 70mA, 6.5V ≤VIN ≤ 40V 0.30.7
IOUT_ = 70mA, 5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 6.5V0.30.8
Output Current Slew Rate8mA/µs
Short-Circuit CurrentVOUT_ = 0V180mA
LEDGOODLEDGOOD Output Logic LowVOLISINK = 2mA0.4V
LGC Pullup Resistor65100135kΩ
LGC Input Upper ThresholdVUTH2.53V
LGC Input Lower ThresholdVLTH0.8V
LGC Pulldown CurrentVLGC > VUTH20mA
LGC Clock PeriodCLGC = 15nF0.771.52.3ms
DIMMING INPUT (DIM1, DIM2, DIM3)DIM_ Logic-Input Bias CurrentIDIM_-0.1+0.1µA
DIM_ Input-Voltage High2.4VINV
DIM_ Input-Voltage Low0.6V
DIM_ Frequency03kHz
(VIN = 12V, CREG = 0.1μF, IREG = 0, CLGC = 15nF, VDIM1 = VDIM2 = VDIM3 = 3.4V, RCS_ = 2.85Ω from CS_ to GND, TJ = TA = -40°C
to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1)
Note 1: All devices 100% production tested at TJ = +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design.
Note 2: Dropout is measured as follows: Connect a resistor from OUT_ to CS_. Connect RCS_ = 2.85Ω from CS_ to GND.
Set VIN = VOUT + 3V (record VOUT as VOUTA). Reduce VIN until VOUT = 0.97 x VOUTA (record as VINB and VOUTB).
VDO = VINB - VOUTB.
Note 3: Output current rise and fall times are measured with a 62Ω series resistor from OUT_ to CS_.
Note 4: Overtemperature protection does not function if the output of the 3.4V reference (REG) is shorted to ground.(VIN = 12V, CREG = 0.1μF, IREG = 0, VLGC = unconnected, connect RCS_ = 2.85Ω from CS_ to GND. Connect OUT_ to CS_ through a
resistor, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
MAX16823High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness
LED Driver with Open LED Detection
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
OUTPUTS (OUT1, OUT2, OUT3) (Note 3)Turn-On TimeDIM_ rising edge to 90% of OUT_ current1228µs
Turn-Off TimeDIM_ falling edge to 10% of OUT_ current818µs
Output Current Rise Time 10% to 90%718µs
Output Current Fall Time90% to 10%615µs
CURRENT SENSERegulated CS_ VoltageVCS_5mA ≤ IOUT_ ≤ 70mA193203213mV
Input Current (CS1, CS2, CS3) Current out of CS_+1.2µA
OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION (Note 4)Thermal Shutdown Temperature155°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis23°C
3.4V REGULATOR (REG)Output VoltageVREG
3.2753.413.5470 ≤ IREG ≤ 4mA3.2213.383.547
REG Short-Circuit Current VREG = 0V13mA
Typical Operating Characteristics
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. TEMPERATUREOUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
MAX16823 toc01
ILOAD = 5mA
ILOAD = 35mA
ILOAD = 70mA
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGEOUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
MAX16823 toc03510152025303540
IOUT = 70mA
IOUT = 5mA
VCS_ vs. OUTPUT CURRENTCS_
(V)
MAX16823 toc0210203040506070
0.210
(VIN = 12V, CREG = 0.1μF, IREG = 0, VLGC = unconnected, connect RCS_ = 2.85Ω from CS_ to GND. Connect OUT_ to CS_ through a
resistor, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
MAX16823High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness
LED Driver with Open LED Detection
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE (°C)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
MAX16823 toc04
ILOAD = 70mA
VCS_ vs. IREGIREG (mA)
CS_
(V)
MAX16823 toc0712345678910
ILOAD = 70mA
200Hz DIMMED OPERATION (EXPANDED)MAX16823 toc10
10µs/div
VDIM
2V/div
ILOAD
50mA/div
VIN = 12V, DIM
PULSED AT 200Hz
(50% DUTY CYCLE)
ILOAD = 70mA
VREG vs. TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE (°C)
REG
(V)
MAX16823 toc06
ILOAD = 4mAILOAD = 1mA
ILOAD = 0
330Hz DIMMED OPERATIONMAX16823 toc09
20µs/div
VDIM
2V/div
ILED
50mA/div
VIN = 12V, DIM
PULSED AT 33Hz
(1% DUTY CYCLE)
ILOAD = 70mA
LEDGOOD RESPONSE TIMESMAX16823 toc12
2ms/div
VDIM
VLEDGOOD
5V/div
5V/div
VLGC
5V/div
VIN = 12V
CLGC = 15nF
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
MAX16823 toc05
VIN = 5.5VVIN = 12V
VIN = 20VVIN = 40V
VDIM1 = VDIM2 = VDIM3 = 0V
VREG vs. VINVIN (V)
REG
(V)
MAX16823 toc08510152025303540
IREG = 0
IREG = 1mA
IREG = 4mA
200Hz DIMMED OPERATION (EXPANDED)MAX16823 toc11
10µs/div
VDIM
2V/div
ILOAD
50mA/div
VIN = 12V, DIM
PULSED AT 200Hz
(50% DUTY CYCLE)
ILOAD = 70mA
MAX16823High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness
LED Driver with Open LED Detection
Pin Description
PIN
NAMEFUNCTION
TQFNTSSOP3DIM1Dimming Input 1. DIM1 is a low-frequency dimming input for channel 1. A logic-low turns off
OUT1 and a logic-high turns on OUT1.4DIM2Dimming Input 2. DIM2 is a low-frequency dimming input for channel 2. A logic-low turns off
OUT2 and a logic-high turns on OUT2.5DIM3Dimming Input 3. DIM3 is a low-frequency dimming input for channel 3. A logic-low turns off
OUT3 and a logic-high turns on OUT3.6LEDGOOD
Open LED Output. LEDGOOD is an open-drain output. A logic-high indicates the LED
connection is good in all three channels. A logic-low indicates an open LED connection. See
the LEDGOOD section.
5, 6, 77, 8, 9INPositive Input Supply. Bypass with a 0.1µF (min) capacitor to GND. Connect all IN
pins together.10LGCLED Detection-Timing Setting. Connect a capacitor from LGC to ground to set the delay
time for LEDGOOD. 11REG3.4V Voltage Regulator. Connect a 0.1µF capacitor from REG to GND. 12GNDGround13CS3Channel 3 Sense Ampliier Positive Input. Connect the current-sense resistor between CS3
and GND to program the output current level for channel 3. 14CS2Channel 2 Sense Ampliier Positive Input. Connect the current-sense resistor between CS2
and GND to program the output current level for channel 2. 15CS1Channel 1 Sense Ampliier Positive Input. Connect the current-sense resistor between CS1
and GND to program the output current level for channel 1.16OUT3Current Regulator Output 31OUT2Current Regulator Output 22OUT1Current Regulator Output 1
Pin ConigurationsDIM2
LEDGOOD
DIM1
CS3REGCS22
OUT3119
OUT2
OUT1
LGC*EP
MAX16823DIM3
GND
CS1
TQFNTOP VIEW
OUT3
CS1
CS2
CS3DIM2
DIM1
OUT1
OUT2
TOP VIEW
*EP = EXPOSED PAD.
MAX16823GND
REG
LGCIN
LEDGOOD8ININ
DIM3
TSSOP*EP
Detailed Description of HardwareThe MAX16823 three-channel current regulator operates
from a 5.5V to 40V input voltage range and delivers up to
100mA per channel to one or more strings of HB LEDs.
The output currents are programmable using external
current-sense resistors in series with the LEDs. Three
DIM inputs allow a wide range of independent pulsed
dimming in addition to providing the on and off control of
the outputs. The MAX16823 offers an LED-GOOD output
that indicates an open-circuit condition when one or more
LED channels are open.
Integrated pass elements minimize external components
while providing ±5% output current accuracy. Additional
features include a 3.4V (±5%) voltage regulator with
4mA output current capability, short-circuit and thermal
protection.
The MAX16823 uses a feedback loop to linearly control
the current from each output. The voltage across each
sense resistor is compared to a fixed reference voltage
and the error is amplified to drive the internal power
pass device for a particular channel. See the Block
Diagram. The regulation point is factory-set at 203mV. The
regulated current is adjusted by the value of RCS_.
The MAX16823 is a constant-current LED driver internally
optimized for driving the impedance range expected from
one or more HB LEDs.
3.4V Regulator (REG)The MAX16823 includes a fixed 3.4V voltage regulator
that delivers up to 4mA of load current for auxiliary appli-
cations throughout the 5.5V to 40V input voltage range. Connect a 0.1μF compensation capacitor from REG to
ground. Shorting REG to ground disables the thermal
shutdown.
Thermal ProtectionThe MAX16823 enters a thermal-shutdown mode in the
event of overheating. This typically occurs in overload
or output short-circuit conditions. When the junction
temperature exceeds TJ = +155°C, the internal thermal
protection circuitry turns off the series pass elements. The
MAX16823 recovers from thermal-shutdown mode once
the junction temperature drops by 23°C. The part will
therefore protect itself by low-frequency thermal cycling in
the event of a short-circuit or overload condition.
Applications Information
Programming the LED CurrentThe MAX16823 uses sense resistors to set the output
current for each channel. To set the LED current for a
particular channel, connect a sense resistor across the
corresponding current-sense input (CS_) and GND. For
optimal accuracy, connect the low-side of the current-
sense resistors to the IC’s ground pin with short traces.
The value needed for the sense resistor for a given
current can be calculated with the equation below:
CS_CS_
OUT_(V)R()I(A)Ω=
where VCS_ is 203mV and IOUT_ is the desired LED cur-
rent (ILED).
Input-Voltage ConsiderationsFor proper operation, the minimum input voltage must
always be:
VIN(MIN) ≥ VCS_(MAX) + VFT(MAX) + VDO(MAX)
where VFT(MAX) is the total forward voltage of all series-
connected LEDs. The minimum operating voltage of the
device is 5.5V.
LEDGOODThe MAX16823 features an active-low, open-drain
LEDGOOD output that goes low either when one or
more LED channels are open or when a signal at any
of the dimming inputs remains low for a period greater
than the programmed LEDGOOD delay time tDELAY.
Program tDELAY with a capacitor connected between LGC
and ground. The LEDGOOD output goes low after the
programmed delay period tDELAY has elapsed. Use the
following formula to set the delay period:
tCK = 112,000 x CLGC (F)
4 x tCK < tDELAY < 6 x tCK
where CLGC is the capacitor connected between LGC
and ground. The LEDGOOD output goes low during the
thermal shutdown. The minimum recommended value
of the capacitance that can be used on the LGC pin is
100pF.
MAX16823High-Voltage, 3-Channel Linear High-Brightness
LED Driver with Open LED Detection