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MAX1538ETI
4.75 to 28 V,power-source selector for dual-battery system
General DescriptionThe MAX1538 selector provides power-source control
for dual-battery systems. The device selects between
an AC adapter and dual batteries based on the pres-
ence of the three power sources and the state of
charge of each battery. The MAX1538 includes analog
comparators to detect AC/airline-adapter presence and
determine battery undervoltage. Fast analog circuitry
allows the device to switch between power sources to
implement a break-before-make time, which allows hot
swapping of battery packs. The MAX1538 indepen-
dently performs power-source monitoring and selec-
tion, freeing the system power-management µP for
other tasks. This simplifies the development of µP
power-management firmware and allows the µP to enter
standby, reducing system power consumption.
The MAX1538 supports “relearn mode,” which allows
the system to measure and fully utilize battery capacity.
In this state, the part allows the selected battery to be
discharged even when an AC adapter is present. The
MAX1538 can also be used to power the system in an
aircraft. On detecting an airline adapter, the MAX1538
automatically disables charging or discharging of bat-
tery packs and only allows the system to be powered
from the adapter.
The MAX1538 is available in a space-saving 28-pin thin
QFN package with a maximum footprint of 5mm x 5mm.
ApplicationsNotebook and Subnotebook Computers
Internet Tablets
Dual-Battery Portable Equipment
FeaturesAutomatically Detects and Responds to
Low-Battery Voltage Condition
Battery Insertion and Removal
AC-Adapter Presence
Airline-Adapter PresenceStep-Down and Step-Up Charger CompatibilityFast Break-Before-Make Selection
Allows Hot Swapping of Power Sources
No External Schottky Diodes Needed50µA Maximum Battery Quiescent CurrentImplements Battery Capacity RelearningAllows Usage of Aircraft SupplyDirect Drive of P-Channel MOSFETsSimplifies Power-Management µP Firmware4.75V to 28V AC-Adapter Input Voltage RangeSmall 28-Pin Thin QFN Package (5mm x 5mm)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems19-3169; Rev 0; 1/04
Ordering Information
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.ypical Operating Circuit
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(VBATA= VBATB= VCHGIN= 16.8V, CVDD= 1µF, VMINVA= VMINVB= 0.93V, VEXTLD= VADPIN= 28V, VCHRG= VBATSEL= VRELRN= 0,
CADPPWR= CREVBLK = CADPBLK = CDISBAT= CDISA= CDISB= CCHGA= CCHGB= 4.7nF, TA = 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VEXTLD, VBATSUP, VADPIN, VBATA, VBATB,
VCHGINto GND .................................................-0.3V to +30V
VADPPWRto GND...................................-0.3V to (VADPIN+ 0.3V)
VREVBLK, VADPBLKto GND...................-0.3V to (VEXTLD+ 0.3V)
VCHGA, VCHGB, VDISBATto GND..........-0.3V to (VCHGIN+ 0.3V)
VDISAto GND..........................................-0.3V to (VBATA+ 0.3V)
VDISBto GND..........................................-0.3V to (VBATB+ 0.3V)
VDD, VCHRG, VBATSEL, VRELRN, VOUT0, VOUT1, VOUT2,
VMINVA, VMINVB, VAIRDET, VACDETto GND..........-0.3V to +6V
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
28-Pin Thin QFN 5mm x 5mm
(derate 20.8mW/°C above +70°C)..........................1666.7mW
Operating Temperature Range
MAX1538ETI....................................................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(VBATA= VBATB= VCHGIN= 16.8V, CVDD= 1µF, VMINVA= VMINVB= 0.93V, VEXTLD= VADPIN= 28V, VCHRG= VBATSEL= VRELRN= 0,
CADPPWR= CREVBLK = CADPBLK = CDISBAT= CDISA= CDISB= CCHGA= CCHGB= 4.7nF, T
= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VBATA= VBATB= VCHGIN= 16.8V, CVDD= 1µF, VMINVA= VMINVB= 0.93V, VEXTLD= VADPIN= 28V, VCHRG= VBATSEL= VRELRN= 0,
CADPPWR= CREVBLK = CADPBLK = CDISBAT= CDISA= CDISB= CCHGA= CCHGB= 4.7nF, TA = 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VBATA= VBATB= VCHGIN= 16.8V, CVDD = 1µF, VMINVA= VMINVB= 0.93V, VEXTLD= VADPIN= 28V, VCHRG= VBATSEL= VRELRN= 0,
CADPPWR= CREVBLK = CADPBLK = CDISBAT= CDISA= CDISB= CCHGA= CCHGB= 4.7nF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.)
(Note 2)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
BLK, DISBAT, DISA, DISB, CHGA, and CHGB gate drivers correspond to sources at ADPIN, EXTLD, EXTLD, CHGIN, BATA,
BATB, CHGIN, and CHGIN, respectively.
Note 2:Guaranteed by design. Not production tested.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VBATA= VBATB= VCHGIN= 16.8V, CVDD = 1µF, VMINVA= VMINVB= 0.93V, VEXTLD= VADPIN= 28V, VCHRG= VBATSEL= VRELRN= 0,
CADPPWR= CREVBLK = CADPBLK = CDISBAT= CDISA= CDISB= CCHGA= CCHGB= 4.7nF, T
A = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Circuit of Figure 1. TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1. TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
BREAK-BEFORE-MAKE TIMING
MAX1538 toc11
1.00µs/div
14V
16V
MOSFET
DRIVERS
12V
10V
FIRST SOURCE INSERTION
MAX1538 toc12
200µs/div
VADPIN
VREVBLK
VEXTLD
OUT1
OUT2, OUT0
10V
20V
20V
10Vypical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Circuit of Figure 1. TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
Pin Description (continued)
MAX1538
Power-Source Selector for
Dual-Battery Systems
Figure1. Step-Down Typical Application Circuit
