M41ST84WMQ6F ,512 Bit (64 X8) Serial RTC with Supervisory FunctionsFEATURES SUMMARY■ 5.0 OR 3.0V OPERATING VOLTAGE Figure 1. 16-pin SOIC Package2■ SERIAL INTERFACE SU ..
M41ST84WMQ6TR ,512 Bit (64 X8) Serial RTC with Supervisory FunctionsBlock Diagram . . 5Figure 7. Hardware Hookup . . . . . . . 6OPERATING MODES . . ..
M41ST84YMQ6 ,512 Bit (64 X8) Serial RTC with Supervisory Functionsfeatures include aber is “M4TXX-BR12SH” (see TablePower-On Reset as well as an additional input20., ..
M41ST84YMQ6E ,512 Bit (64 X8) Serial RTC with Supervisory FunctionsAbsolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . 21DC AND AC PARAMETERS . 22Table 10. DC and AC Mea ..
M41ST85WMH6 ,512 Kbit (64 Bit x8) Serial Access RTC and NVRAM SupervisorLogic Diagram . . 5Table 1. Signal Names . . 5Figure 4. 28-pin SOIC Connections ..
M41ST85WMH6E ,512 Kbit (64 Bit x8) Serial Access RTC and NVRAM Supervisorfeatures include a Power-OnCaution: Do not place the SNAPHAT battery/crys-Reset as well as two addi ..
M5M54R08AJ-10 , 4194304-BIT (524288-WORD BY 8-BIT) CMOS STATIC RAM
M5M54R08AJ-10 , 4194304-BIT (524288-WORD BY 8-BIT) CMOS STATIC RAM
M5M54R08J-12 , 4194304-BIT (524288-WORD BY 8-BIT) CMOS STATIC RAM
M5M54R08J-15 , 4194304-BIT (524288-WORD BY 8-BIT) CMOS STATIC RAM
M5M54R16AJ-10 , 4194304-BIT (262144-WORD BY 16-BIT) CMOS STATIC RAM
M5M54R16AJ-12 , 4194304-BIT (262144-WORD BY 16-BIT) CMOS STATIC RAM
M41ST84WMQ6-M41ST84WMQ6E-M41ST84WMQ6F-M41ST84WMQ6TR-M41ST84YMQ6-M41ST84YMQ6E
512 Bit (64 X8) Serial RTC with Supervisory Functions
1/31October 2004
M41ST84Y
M41ST84W5.0 or 3.0V, 512 bit (64 x8) Serial RTC
with Supervisory Functions
* Contact Local Sales Office
FEATURES SUMMARY 5.0 OR 3.0V OPERATING VOLTAGE SERIAL INTERFACE SUPPORTS I2 C BUS
(400kHz) OPTIMIZED FOR MINIMAL
INTERCONNECT TO MCU 2.5 TO 5.5V OSCILLATOR OPERATING
VOLTAGE AUTOMATIC SWITCH-OVER AND
DESELECT CIRCUITRY CHOICE OF POWER-FAIL DESELECT
VOLTAGES: M41ST84Y: VCC = 4.5 to 5.5V;
4.20V ≤ VPFD ≤ 4.50V M41ST84W: VCC = 2.7 to 3.6V;
2.55V ≤ VPFD ≤ 2.70V 1.25V REFERENCE (for PFI/PFO) COUNTERS FOR TENTHS/HUNDREDTHS
OF SECONDS, SECONDS, MINUTES,
HOURS, DAY, DATE, MONTH, YEAR, AND
CENTURY 44 BYTES OF GENERAL PURPOSE RAM PROGRAMMABLE ALARM AND
INTERRUPT FUNCTION (VALID EVEN
DURING BATTERY BACK-UP MODE) WATCHDOG TIMER MICROPROCESSOR POWER-ON RESET BATTERY LOW FLAG POWER-DOWN TIME-STAMP (HT Bit) ULTRA-LOW BATTERY SUPPLY CURRENT
OF 500 nA (max) OPTIONAL PACKAGING INCLUDES A 28-
LEAD SOIC and SNAPHAT® TOP (to be
ordered separately) SNAPHAT PACKAGE PROVIDES DIRECT
CONNECTION FOR A SNAPHAT TOP,
WHICH CONTAINS THE BATTERY AND
CRYSTAL
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FEATURES SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Figure 1. 16-pin SOIC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Figure 2. 28-pin SOIC Package*. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Figure 3. Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Table 1. Signal Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Figure 4. 16-pin SOIC Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Figure 5. 28-pin SOIC Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Figure 6. Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Figure 7. Hardware Hookup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
OPERATING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
2-Wire Bus Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Bus not busy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Start data transfer.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Stop data transfer.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Data Valid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Acknowledge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Figure 8. Serial Bus Data Transfer Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 9. Acknowledgement Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 10.Bus Timing Requirements Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Table 2. AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
READ Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Figure 11.Slave Address Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Figure 12.READ Mode Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Figure 13.Alternate READ Mode Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
WRITE Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Data Retention Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Figure 14.WRITE Mode Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
CLOCK OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Power-down Time-Stamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
TIMEKEEPER® Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Table 3. TIMEKEEPER® Register Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Calibrating the Clock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Figure 15.Crystal Accuracy Across Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Figure 16.Clock Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Setting Alarm Clock Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Figure 17.Alarm Interrupt Reset Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Table 4. Alarm Repeat Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Figure 18.Back-Up Mode Alarm Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Watchdog Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
3/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
Square Wave Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18Table 5. Square Wave Output Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Power-on Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Reset Input (RSTIN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Figure 19.RSTIN Timing Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Table 6. Reset AC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Power-fail INPUT/OUTPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Century Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Output Driver Pin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Battery Low Warning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
tREC Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Initial Power-on Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Table 7. tREC Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Table 8. Default Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
MAXIMUM RATING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Table 9. Absolute Maximum Ratings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
DC AND AC PARAMETERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Table 10. DC and AC Measurement Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Figure 20.AC Testing Input/Output Waveforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Table 11. Capacitance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Table 12. DC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Table 13. Crystal Electrical Characteristics (Externally Supplied) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Figure 21.Power Down/Up Mode AC Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Table 14. Power Down/Up AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
PACKAGE MECHANICAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Figure 22.SO16 – 16-lead Plastic Small Outline, Package Outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Table 15. SO16 – 16-lead Plastic Small Outline, Package Mechanical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Figure 23.SOH28 – 28-lead Plastic Small Outline, Battery SNAPHAT, Package Outline. . . . . . . .26
Table 16. SOH28 – 28-lead Plastic Small Outline, battery SNAPHAT, Package Mechanical Data 26
Figure 24.SH – 4-pin SNAPHAT Housing for 48mAh Battery & Crystal, Package Outline . . . . . . .27
Table 17. SH – 4-pin SNAPHAT Housing for 48mAh Battery & Crystal, Package Mechanical Data27
Figure 25.SH – 4-pin SNAPHAT Housing for 120mAh Battery & Crystal, Package Outline . . . . . .28
Table 18. SH – 4-pin SNAPHAT Housing for 120mAh Battery & Crystal, Package Mech. Data. . .28
PART NUMBERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Table 19. Ordering Information Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Table 20. SNAPHAT Battery Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
REVISION HISTORY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Table 21. Document Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
SUMMARY DESCRIPTIONThe M41ST84Y/W Serial supervisory TIMEKEEP-® SRAM is a low power 512-bit static CMOS
SRAM organized as 64 words by 8 bits. A built-in
32.768kHz oscillator (external crystal controlled)
and 8 bytes of the SRAM (see Table 3., page 13)
are used for the clock/calendar function and are
configured in binary coded decimal (BCD) format.
An additional 12 bytes of RAM provide status/con-
trol of Alarm, Watchdog and Square Wave func-
tions. Addresses and data are transferred serially
via a two line, bi-directional I2C interface. The
built-in address register is incremented automati-
cally after each WRITE or READ data byte.
The M41ST84Y/W has a built-in power sense cir-
cuit which detects power failures and automatical-
ly switches to the battery supply when a power
failure occurs. The energy needed to sustain the
SRAM and clock operations can be supplied by a
small lithium button-cell supply when a power fail-
ure occurs. Functions available to the user include
a non-volatile, time-of-day clock/calendar, Alarm
interrupts, Watchdog Timer and programmable
Square Wave output. Other features include a
Power-On Reset as well as an additional input
(RSTIN) which can also generate an output Reset
(RST). The eight clock address locations contain
the century, year, month, date, day, hour, minute,
second and tenths/hundredths of a second in 24
hour BCD format. Corrections for 28, 29 (leap year
- valid until year 2100), 30 and 31 day months are
made automatically.
The M41ST84Y/W is supplied in a 28-lead SOIC
SNAPHAT® package (which integrates both crys-
tal and battery in a single SNAPHAT top) or a 16-
pin SOIC. The 28-pin, 330mil SOIC provides sock-
ets with gold plated contacts at both ends for direct
connection to a separate SNAPHAT housing con-
taining the battery and crystal. The unique design
allows the SNAPHAT battery/crystal package to
be mounted on top of the SOIC package after the
completion of the surface mount process.
Insertion of the SNAPHAT housing after reflow
prevents potential battery and crystal damage due
to the high temperatures required for device sur-
face-mounting. The SNAPHAT housing is also
keyed to prevent reverse insertion.
The 28-pin SOIC and battery/crystal packages are
shipped separately in plastic anti-static tubes or in
Tape & Reel form. For the 28-lead SOIC, the bat-
tery/crystal package (e.g., SNAPHAT) part num-
ber is “M4TXX-BR12SH” (see Table
20., page 29).
Caution: Do not place the SNAPHAT battery/crys-tal top in conductive foam, as this will drain the lith-
ium button-cell battery.
Table 1. Signal NamesNote:1. For SO16 package only.
5/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
7/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
OPERATING MODESThe M41ST84Y/W clock operates as a slave de-
vice on the serial bus. Access is obtained by im-
plementing a start condition followed by the
correct slave address (D0h). The 64 bytes con-
tained in the device can then be accessed sequen-
tially in the following order: Tenths/Hundredths of a Second Register Seconds Register Minutes Register Century/Hours Register Day Register Date Register Month Register Year Register Control Register
10. Watchdog Register
11 - 16. Alarm Registers
17 - 19. Reserved
20. Square Wave Register
21 - 64. User RAM
The M41ST84Y/W clock continually monitors VCC
for an out-of tolerance condition. Should VCC fall
below VPFD, the device terminates an access in
progress and resets the device address counter.
Inputs to the device will not be recognized at this
time to prevent erroneous data from being written
to the device from a an out-of-tolerance system.
When VCC falls below VSO, the device automati-
cally switches over to the battery and powers
down into an ultra low current mode of operation to
conserve battery life. As system power returns and
VCC rises above VSO, the battery is disconnected,
and the power supply is switched to external VCC.
Write protection continues until VCC reaches
VPFD(min) plus tREC (min).
For more information on Battery Storage Life refer
to Application Note AN1012.
2-Wire Bus CharacteristicsThe bus is intended for communication between
different ICs. It consists of two lines: a bi-direction-
al data signal (SDA) and a clock signal (SCL).
Both the SDA and SCL lines must be connected to
a positive supply voltage via a pull-up resistor.
The following protocol has been defined: Data transfer may be initiated only when the
bus is not busy. During data transfer, the data line must remain
stable whenever the clock line is High. Changes in the data line, while the clock line is
High, will be interpreted as control signals.
Accordingly, the following bus conditions have
been defined:
Bus not busy. Both data and clock lines remain
High.
Start data transfer. A change in the state of the
data line, from High to Low, while the clock is High,
defines the START condition.
Stop data transfer. A change in the state of the
data line, from Low to High, while the clock is High,
defines the STOP condition.
Data Valid. The state of the data line represents
valid data when after a start condition, the data line
is stable for the duration of the high period of the
clock signal. The data on the line may be changed
during the Low period of the clock signal. There is
one clock pulse per bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a start condition
and terminated with a stop condition. The number
of data bytes transferred between the start and
stop conditions is not limited. The information is
transmitted byte-wide and each receiver acknowl-
edges with a ninth bit.
By definition a device that gives out a message is
called “transmitter”, the receiving device that gets
the message is called “receiver”. The device that
controls the message is called “master”. The de-
vices that are controlled by the master are called
“slaves”.
Acknowledge. Each byte of eight bits is followed
by one Acknowledge Bit. This Acknowledge Bit is
a low level put on the bus by the receiver whereas
the master generates an extra acknowledge relat-
ed clock pulse. A slave receiver which is ad-
dressed is obliged to generate an acknowledge
after the reception of each byte that has been
clocked out of the slave transmitter.
The device that acknowledges has to pull down
the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse
in such a way that the SDA line is a stable Low dur-
ing the High period of the acknowledge related
clock pulse. Of course, setup and hold times must
be taken into account. A master receiver must sig-
nal an end of data to the slave transmitter by not
generating an acknowledge on the last byte that
has been clocked out of the slave. In this case the
transmitter must leave the data line High to enable
the master to generate the STOP condition.
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
9/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
READ ModeIn this mode the master reads the M41ST84Y/W
slave after setting the slave address (see Figure
11., page 10). Following the WRITE Mode Control
Bit (R/W=0) and the Acknowledge Bit, the word
address ‘An’ is written to the on-chip address
pointer. Next the START condition and slave ad-
dress are repeated followed by the READ Mode
Control Bit (R/W=1). At this point the master trans-
mitter becomes the master receiver. The data byte
which was addressed will be transmitted and the
master receiver will send an Acknowledge Bit to
the slave transmitter. The address pointer is only
incremented on reception of an Acknowledge
Clock. The M41ST84Y/W slave transmitter will
now place the data byte at address An+1 on the
bus, the master receiver reads and acknowledges
the new byte and the address pointer is
incrementedto “An+2.”
This cycle of reading consecutive addresses will
continue until the master receiver sends a STOP
condition to the slave transmitter (see Figure
12., page 10).
The system-to-user transfer of clock data will be
halted whenever the address being read is a clock
address (00h to 07h). The update will resume ei-
ther due to a Stop Condition or when the pointer
increments to a non-clock or RAM address.
Note: This is true both in READ Mode and WRITEMode.
An alternate READ Mode may also be implement-
ed whereby the master reads the M41ST84Y/W
slave without first writing to the (volatile) address
pointer. The first address that is read is the last
one stored in the pointer (see Figure
13., page 11).
11/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
WRITE ModeIn this mode the master transmitter transmits to
the M41ST84Y/W slave receiver. Bus protocol is
shown in Figure 14., page 11. Following the
START condition and slave address, a logic '0' (R/
W=0) is placed on the bus and indicates to the ad-
dressed device that word address An will follow
and is to be written to the on-chip address pointer.
The data word to be written to the memory is
strobed in next and the internal address pointer is
incremented to the next memory location within
the RAM on the reception of an acknowledge
clock. The M41ST84Y/W slave receiver will send
an acknowledge clock to the master transmitter af-
ter it has received the slave address (see Figure
11., page 10) and again after it has received the
word address and each data byte.
Data Retention ModeWith valid VCC applied, the M41ST84Y/W can be
accessed as described above with READ or
WRITE cycles. Should the supply voltage decay,
the M41ST84Y/W will automatically deselect,
write protecting itself when VCC falls between
VPFD(max) and VPFD(min). This is accomplished
by internally inhibiting access to the clock regis-
ters. At this time, the Reset pin (RST) is driven ac-
tive and will remain active until VCC returns to
nominal levels. When VCC falls below the Battery
Back-up Switchover Voltage (VSO), power input is
switched from the VCC pin to the SNAPHAT® (or
external) battery, and the clock registers and
SRAM are maintained from the attached battery
supply.
All outputs become high impedance. On power up,
when VCC returns to a nominal value, write protec-
tion continues for tREC. The RST signal also re-
mains active during this time (see Figure
21., page 24).
For a further more detailed review of lifetime calcu-
lations, please see Application Note AN1012.
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
CLOCK OPERATIONThe eight byte clock register (see Table
3., page 13) is used to both set the clock and to
read the date and time from the clock, in a binary
coded decimal format. Tenths/Hundredths of Sec-
onds, Seconds, Minutes, and Hours are contained
within the first four registers.
Note: A WRITE to any clock register will result inthe Tenths/Hundredths of Seconds being reset to
“00,” and Tenths/Hundredths of Seconds cannot
be written to any value other than “00.”
Bits D6 and D7 of Clock Register 03h (Century/
Hours Register) contain the CENTURY ENABLE
Bit (CEB) and the CENTURY Bit (CB). Setting
CEB to a '1' will cause CB to toggle, either from '0'
to '1' or from '1' to '0' at the turn of the century (de-
pending upon its initial state). If CEB is set to a '0,'
CB will not toggle. Bits D0 through D2 of Register
04h contain the Day (day of week). Registers 05h,
06h, and 07h contain the Date (day of month),
Month and Years. The ninth clock register is the
Control Register (this is described in the Clock
Calibration section). Bit D7 of Register 01h con-
tains the STOP Bit (ST). Setting this bit to a '1' will
cause the oscillator to stop. If the device is expect-
ed to spend a significant amount of time on the
shelf, the oscillator may be stopped to reduce cur-
rent drain. When reset to a '0' the oscillator restarts
within one second.
The eight clock registers may be read one byte at
a time, or in a sequential block. The Control Reg-
ister (Address location 08h) may be accessed in-
dependently. Provision has been made to assure
that a clock update does not occur while any of the
eight clock addresses are being read. If a clock ad-
dress is being read, an update of the clock regis-
ters will be halted. This will prevent a transition of
data during the READ.
Power-down Time-StampWhen a power failure occurs, the Halt Update Bit
(HT) will automatically be set to a '1.' This will pre-
vent the clock from updating the TIMEKEEPER®
registers, and will allow the user to read the exact
time of the power-down event. Resetting the HT
Bit to a '0' will allow the clock to update the TIME-
KEEPER registers with the current time. For more
information, see Application Note AN1572.
TIMEKEEPER® RegistersThe M41ST84Y/W offers 12 additional internal
registers which contain the Alarm, Watchdog,
Flag, Square Wave and Control data. These reg-
isters are memory locations which contain external
(user accessible) and internal copies of the data
(usually referred to as BiPORT™ TIMEKEEPER
cells). The external copies are independent of in-
ternal functions except that they are updated peri-
odically by the simultaneous transfer of the
incremented internal copy. The internal divider (or
clock) chain will be reset upon the completion of a
WRITE to any clock address.
The system-to-user transfer of clock data will be
halted whenever the address being read is a clock
address (00h to 07h). The update will resume ei-
ther due to a Stop Condition or when the pointer
increments to a non-clock or RAM address.
TIMEKEEPER and Alarm Registers store data in
BCD. Control, Watchdog and Square Wave Reg-
isters store data in Binary Format.
13/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
Table 3. TIMEKEEPER® Register MapKeys: S = Sign Bit
FT = Frequency Test Bit
ST = Stop Bit
0 = Must be set to zero
BL = Battery Low Flag (Read only)
BMB0-BMB4 = Watchdog Multiplier Bits
CEB = Century Enable Bit
CB = Century Bit
OUT = Output level
AFE = Alarm Flag Enable Flag
RB0-RB1 = Watchdog Resolution Bits
WDS = Watchdog Steering Bit
ABE = Alarm in Battery Back-Up Mode Enable Bit
RPT1-RPT5 = Alarm Repeat Mode Bits
WDF = Watchdog flag (Read only)
AF = Alarm flag (Read only)
SQWE = Square Wave Enable
RS0-RS3 = SQW Frequency
HT = Halt Update Bit
TR = tREC Bit
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
Calibrating the Clock The M41ST84Y/W is driven by a quartz controlled
oscillator with a nominal frequency of 32,768Hz.
The devices are tested not exceed +/–35 ppm
(parts per million) oscillator frequency error ato C, which equates to about +/–1.53 minutes per
month. When the Calibration circuit is properly em-
ployed, accuracy improves to better than ±2 ppm
at 25°C.
The oscillation rate of crystals changes with tem-
perature (see Figure 15., page 15). Therefore, the
M41ST84Y/W design employs periodic counter
correction. The calibration circuit adds or subtracts
counts from the oscillator divider circuit at the di-
vide by 256 stage, as shown in Figure
16., page 15. The number of times pulses which
are blanked (subtracted, negative calibration) or
split (added, positive calibration) depends upon
the value loaded into the five Calibration bits found
in the Control Register. Adding counts speeds the
clock up, subtracting counts slows the clock down.
The Calibration bits occupy the five lower order
bits (D4-D0) in the Control Register (08h). These
bits can be set to represent any value between 0
and 31 in binary form. Bit D5 is a Sign Bit; '1' indi-
cates positive calibration, '0' indicates negative
calibration. Calibration occurs within a 64 minute
cycle. The first 62 minutes in the cycle may, once
per minute, have one second either shortened by
128 or lengthened by 256 oscillator cycles. If a bi-
nary '1' is loaded into the register, only the first 2
minutes in the 64 minute cycle will be modified; if
a binary 6 is loaded, the first 12 will be affected,
and so on.
Therefore, each calibration step has the effect of
adding 512 or subtracting 256 oscillator cycles for
every 125,829,120 actual oscillator cycles, that is
+4.068 or –2.034 ppm of adjustment per calibra-
tion step in the calibration register. Assuming that
the oscillator is running at exactly 32,768Hz, each
of the 31 increments in the Calibration byte would
represent +10.7 or –5.35 seconds per month
which corresponds to a total range of +5.5 or –2.75
minutes per month.
Two methods are available for ascertaining how
much calibration a given M41ST84Y/W may re-
quire.
The first involves setting the clock, letting it run for
a month and comparing it to a known accurate ref-
erence and recording deviation over a fixed period
of time. Calibration values, including the number of
seconds lost or gained in a given period, can be
found in Application Note AN934: TIMEKEEPER
CALIBRATION. This allows the designer to give
the end user the ability to calibrate the clock as the
environment requires, even if the final product is
packaged in a non-user serviceable enclosure.
The designer could provide a simple utility that ac-
cesses the Calibration byte.
The second approach is better suited to a manu-
facturing environment, and involves the use of the
IRQ/FT/OUT pin. The pin will toggle at 512Hz,
when the Stop Bit (ST, D7 of 01h) is '0,' the Fre-
quency Test Bit (FT, D6 of 08h) is '1,' the Alarm
Flag Enable Bit (AFE, D7 of 0Ah) is '0,' and the
Watchdog Steering Bit (WDS, D7 of 09h) is '1' or
the Watchdog Register (09h = 0) is reset.
Any deviation from 512Hz indicates the degree
and direction of oscillator frequency shift at the test
temperature. For example, a reading of
512.010124Hz would indicate a +20 ppm oscillator
frequency error, requiring a –10 (XX001010) to be
loaded into the Calibration Byte for correction.
Note that setting or changing the Calibration Byte
does not affect the Frequency test output frequen-
cy.
The IRQ/FT/OUT pin is an open drain output
which requires a pull-up resistor to VCC for proper
operation. A 500 to 10k resistor is recommended
in order to control the rise time. The FT Bit is
cleared on power-down.
15/31
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
M41ST84Y, M41ST84W
Setting Alarm Clock RegistersAddress locations 0Ah-0Eh contain the alarm set-
tings. The alarm can be configured to go off at a
prescribed time on a specific month, date, hour,
minute, or second, or repeat every year, month,
day, hour, minute, or second. It can also be pro-
grammed to go off while the M41ST84Y/W is in the
battery back-up to serve as a system wake-up call.
Bits RPT5-RPT1 put the alarm in the repeat mode
of operation. Table 4., page 16 shows the possible
configurations. Codes not listed in the table default
to the once per second mode to quickly alert the
user of an incorrect alarm setting.
When the clock information matches the alarm
clock settings based on the match criteria defined
by RPT5-RPT1, the AF (Alarm Flag) is set. If AFE
(Alarm Flag Enable) is also set, the alarm condi-
tion activates the IRQ/FT/OUT pin.
Note: If the address pointer is allowed to incre-ment to the Flag Register address, an alarm con-
dition will not cause the Interrupt/Flag to occur until
the address pointer is moved to a different ad-
dress. It should also be noted that if the last ad-
dress written is the “Alarm Seconds,” the address
pointer will increment to the Flag address, causing
this situation to occur.
The IRQ/FT/OUT output is cleared by a READ to
the Flags Register as shown in Figure 17. A sub-
sequent READ of the Flags Register is necessary
to see that the value of the Alarm Flag has been
reset to '0.'
The IRQ/FT/OUT pin can also be activated in the
battery back-up mode. The IRQ/FT/OUT will go
low if an alarm occurs and both ABE (Alarm in Bat-
tery Back-up Mode Enable) and AFE are set. The
ABE and AFE Bits are reset during power-up,
therefore an alarm generated during power-up will
only set AF. The user can read the Flag Register
at system boot-up to determine if an alarm was
generated while the M41ST84Y/W was in the de-
select mode during power-up. Figure 18., page17
illustrates the back-up mode alarm timing.
