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L9821
HIGH SIDE DRIVER
L9821February 1997
HIGH SIDE DRIVER. 25A PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT. RON= 100mΩ. DIAGNOSTICAND PROTECTION
FUNCTIONS.μP COMPATIBLE. GROUNDED CASE. INRUSH CURRENT LIMITING CIRCUIT
Pentawatt
DESCRIPTIONThe L9821 High Side Driver realized with Multipo-
wer- BCD mixed technology,drives resistiveorin-
ductiveloads with one side connectedto ground.
The input controlis TTLcompatibleanda diagnos-
tic output providesan indicationof load (open and
short) and device status (thermal and overvoltage
shutdown).Onchipthermalprotectionandshortcir-
cuit protection are provided.
BLOCK DIAGRAMThe deviceis assembledin the Pentawattpackage
with the tab connectedto the ground terminal.
ORDERING NUMBER: L9821
1/7
MULTIPOWER BCD TECHNOLOGY
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Parameter Value Max Forward Voltage
Positive Transient Peak Voltage (dump:τffall time constant= 100ms,
5ms≤ trise≤ 10ms, Rsource≥ 0.5Ω) Resistive Load Inductive Load
50Vdc
60V
50V(*)
Reverse Input Voltage – 0.3Vdc
Input Voltage Pin2(to GND)
Pin4 Voltage
Pin5 Voltage
(to GND)
(to GND) 0.3V/+Vs (Vs< 20V) 0.3V/+Vs (Vs< 20V)
–3V/+Vs(Vs< 20V)
Pin1 Current
Pin2 Current (forced)
Pin4 Current (sink)
Pin5 Current
Internally Limited
0.5mA
10mA
Internally Limited
PTOT Power Dissipation Internally Limited
TJ,TSTG Junction and Storage Temperature Range – 55°Cto+ 150°Cdue tothenegative voltageat theoutputduringtheswitchingoff.
THERMAL DATA
Symbol Parameter Value UnitRth j-case Thermal Resistance Junction-case Max 1.5 °C/W
PIN CONNECTION (top view)
L98212/7
PIN FUNCTIONS POWER SUPPLY
Supplyvoltage input. When the supply reachesthe
maximum operatingvoltage (32V) the deviceis tur-
ned off, protecting itself and the load.
Turningoff guaranteedforVS> 41V. INPUT
TTL compatible input. High levelon thispin means
outputcurrentON.Thelowlevel voltageswitchesoff
the chargepump, thepower stage and the diagno-
stic outputreducingto the minimum value the quie-
scent current. GROUND
This pin mustbe connectedto ground. DIAGNOSTIC FEEDBACK
The diagnosticcircuitis activein input high level
condition. This output detects with Tipically 45ms
delayat Tamb =25°C the following faults: Overvoltagecondition. Thermal shutdown. Shortcircuit.Thepowerstagecurrentis internally
limitedat 25A. Open load. The openload conditionis detected
withload current< 0.6A.
The diagnostic outputis active low. The diagnostic
delay time allowsto avoid spurious diagnosys(i.e:
turn ON overcurrent, overvoltagespikes etc.). POWER OUTPUT
The deviceis provided with short circuit protectionVs≤ 14.4V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VS= 14.4V; -40°C≤Tj≤ 125°C,unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. UnitVOP Operat. Voltage 6 32 V
RON On Resistance Input >2V:Tj =25°C
Input >2V:FullT range
ISC Short circuit current 25 A
IDL Over Current Detection Level 20 A
IOPD Open Load Detection Level Device ON 1.2 A
Vclamp Output Under Voltage Clamping Iload <6A Inductive -12 -4 V
IOff Off State Supply Current Tj= -40to 35°C =35to 85°C
ION ON State Supply Current Tj =25°C10 mA
VIL Input Low Level 0.8 V
VIH Input High Level 2.0 V Input Current Vi =Vthreshold 15 μA
ILEAKD Diagnostic Output Leakage
Voltage
VCC=5V
Diagnostic Output μA
VSATD Diagnostic Output Saturation
Voltage
Isink <1.6mA 0.4 V
TDd Diagnostic Delay Time Tj =25°C; 45 ms
tdON Output ON Delay Time Tj =25°C15 μs Output ON Rise Time Tj =25°C65 μs
tdOFF Output OFF Delay Time Tj =25°C50 μs Output OFF Fall Time Tj =25°C 100 μs
L98213/7
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONThe L9821isa highsidedrivemonolithicswitch, dri-
venby TTL,CMOS input logic, ableto supply resi-
stiveor inductive loads upto 6A DC allowinga
current peakof 25A witha RDS(ON)= 0.1. The elec-
tronicswitch,in additiontoits main function,protects
itself, the power networkand the load against load
dump (upto 60V)and overload andit detects short
circuit, open load and overtemperature conditions.
All these functions (logic control and power actua-
tion)are possibleona singlechip thanks tothe new
mixed ST MultipowerBCD technologythat allowsto
integrateisolated DMOS power transistorsin com-
binationwithBipolarandCMOSsignal structureson
the same chip.
The high side drive connection (series switch bet-
weentheload andthepositive powersource)is par-
ticularlysuitedin automotiveenvironmentwherethe
electrochemicalcorrosion withstandinghasprimary
importance. For this connectionthe best solutionis PowerMOS N-channel which requiresfor driving
onlya capacitivecharge pump completely integra-
tedon the switch chip.
The L9821is basedona power DMOS series ele-
ment,a driving circuit witha charge pump,an input
logic interface andon some protectionand faultde-
tection circuits.
The power DMOS transistor hasa RDS(ON)= 0.1Ω
(typ. value@TJ =25°C, VGS= 10V). The low value RDS(ON)is important bothto increase the power
transferredto the load andto minimize the power
dissipatedin the device.
The chargepumpisa capacitivevoltage triplerstar-
ting from power supply (car battery), drivenbya
500kHz oscillator.
The input interfaceis basedona circuitry solution
ableto guarantee the stability over temperatureof
the TTL logic levels and very low quiescentcurrent OFFcondition.
When the supply reaches the maximum operating
voltage (32V) the deviceis turned OFF, protecting
itself andtheload; moreoverlocalzenerclampsare
providedin some critical pointsto avoid that VGSof
any MOS transistor could reach dangerous values
even during 60V load dump transient.
The inrush current limitingisa significantfeatureof
the L9821.This functionallowsto protectthepower
supplynetworkandmayextend thelifeof theloads.
Forexample,in thecaseof thelamps,the tungsten
wire resistance valuein cold conditionis about one
tenthof thenominalsteadystateandthentheinrush
current during the turnonis statistically oneof the
main causesof lamps failures.If the high current
condition persists (e.g. load short circuit) and the
junctiontemperaturerisesabove150°C,the thermal
protectioncircuitturnsoff thedevice preventingany
damage. The current limiting and the thermal shut-
downaresufficientto protectthe device againstany
overloadbecausethe powerDMOS has not the se-
cond breakdown.
When the L9821is driven and oneof the protec-
tions (overtemperature, overvoltage, overload)is
present,a fault detection open drain output turns
on. This outputis active also when Iloadis lower
than 0.6A detectingthe open load (disconnectedor
burned out). The diagnostic output detects fault
conditions with 25ms delayin orderto avoid spu-
rious diagnosys (i.e.: turnon overcurrent,overvol-
tage spikes etc.).In OFF conditions the fault
detection circuits are not activeto allowa minimum
quiescent current.
The device can drive unipolar DC motors and sole-
noidsaswellbecauseit can recirculatean inductive
current when the output voltage goes lower than
Vclamp value (typically- 6.5Vin respectto ground).
The possibilityto havea startup currentis useful
alsofor DC motors allowing the maximum starting
torque.
TYPICAL APPLICATION OF THE L9821The L9821 integrated high side driver canbe used replacean electromechanicalrelay.
Inductiveload(i.e. solenoids,motors) can bedriven the L9821. Noexternalcomponents arerequired
for the coilcurrent recirculation,because thedevice
provides this functioninternally.
L98214/7
Figure1.
L98215/7
L5Dia.
PENTAWATT PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. mm inch
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. 4.8 0.189 1.37 0.054 2.4 2.8 0.094 0.110 1.2 1.35 0.047 0.053 0.35 0.55 0.014 0.022 0.8 1.05 0.031 0.041 1 1.4 0.039 0.055 3.4 0.126 0.134 0.142 6.8 0.260 0.268 0.276 10.4 0.409 10.05 10.4 0.396 0.409 17.85 0.703 15.75 0.620 21.4 0.843 22.5 0.886 2.6 3 0.102 0.118 15.1 15.8 0.594 0.622 6 6.6 0.236 0.260 4.5 0.177 4 0.157
Dia 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152
L98216/7
