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L6219D
STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER
L6219
STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER
ABLE TO DRIVE BOTH WINDINGS OF BIPO-
LAR STEPPER MOTOR
OUTPUT CURRENT UP TO 750mA EACH
WINDING
WIDE VOLTAGERANGE 10V TO 46V
HALF-STEP, FULL-STEP AND MICROSTEPP-
ING MODE
BUILT-IN PROTECTION DIODES
INTERNAL PWM CURRENT CONTROL
LOW OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE
DESIGNED FOR UNSTABILIZED MOTOR
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
INTERNAL THERMAL SHUTDOWN
DESCRIPTION
The L6219isa bipolar monolithic integrated cir-
cuits intendedto control and drive both windingof bipolar stepper motoror bidirectionally control
two DC motors.
The L6219 witha few external components form complete control and drive circuitfor LS-TTLor
microprocessor controlled stepper motor system.
The power stageisa dual full bridge capableof
sustaining 46V and including four diodes for cur-
rent recirculation. cross conductionprotectionis providedto avoid
simultaneous cross conduction during switching
current direction. internal pulse-width-modulation (PWM) con-
trols the output currentto 750mA with peak start- currentupto 1A.
Wide rangeof current control from 750mA (each
bridge)is permittedby meansof two logic inputs
andan external voltage reference.A phase input each bridge determines the load current direc-
tion. thermal protection circuitry disables the outputs the chip temperature exceeds safe operating
limits.
December 1996
Powerdip 20+2+2 PLCC44 SO20+2+2
ORDERING NUMBERS:
L6219 L6219D L6219DS
BLOCK DIAGRAM
1/10
PIN FUNCTIONS
PLCC
(*)
PDIP& Name Function
1;2 1;2 OUTPUTA See pins 5;21
4;42 3;23 SENSE RESISTOR Connectionto Lower Emittersof Output Stagefor Insertionof Current Sense
Resistor
5;41 4;22 COMPARATOR
INPUT
Input connectedtothe comparators. The voltageacross the sense resistoris
feedbackto this input throught the low pass filter RC CC. The higher power
transistors are disabled when the sense voltage exceeds the reference
voltageofthe selected comparator. When this occurs the current decaysfor timesetbyRTCT(toff=1.1RT CT). Seefig.1.
8;38 5;21 OUTPUTB Output Connection. The output stageisa ”H” bridge formedby four
transistors and four diodes suitablefor switching applications.
6;7;17 6;19 GROUND See pins 7;18
29;39;
7;18 GROUND Ground Connection. With pins6 and19 also conducts heat fromdieto
printed circuit copper.
16;37 8;20 INPUT0 See INPUT1 (pins 9;17)
19;30 9;17 INPUT1 Thesepins and pins 8;20 (INPUT 0)are logicinputs which select the outputs the comparatorstoset the current level. Current also dependsonthe
sensing resistorand reference voltage. See Funcional Description.
20;27 10;16 PHASE ThisTTL-compatible logic inputs sets the directionof current flow through
the load.A high level causes currentto flow from OUTPUTA (source)to
OUTPUTB (sink).A schmitt triggeron this input provides good noise
immunity anda delay circuit prevents output stage short circuits during
switching.
21;26 11;15 REFERENCE
VOLTAGE voltage appliedto thispin setsthe reference voltageof the comparators,
this determiningthe output current (also thus dependingonRs andthe two
inputs INPUT0 and INPUT1).
22;25 12;14 RC A parallel RC network connectedto thispin setsthe OFF timeofthe higher
power transistors. The pulse generatorisa monostable triggeredbythe
outputofthe comparators (toff=1.1RT CT). 13 Vss- LOGIC SUPPLY Supply Voltage Inputfor Logic Circuitry 24 Vs- LOAD SUPPLY Supply Voltage Inputforthe Output Stages.
(*) Pins:3, 9,10,11,12,13,14,15,18,23,2 8,31,32,33,34,35,36,43 areNot Connected.
Note: ESDon GND, VS,VSS, OUT1Aand OUT2Ais guaranteedupto 1.5KV (Human Body Model, 1500Ω, 100pF).
PIN CONNECTIONS (Topview)
Powerdip and SO
PLCC44
L6219
2/10
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Parameter Value Unit Supply Voltage 50 V Output Current (peak) ±1A Output Current (continuous) ±0.75 A
VSS Logic Supply Voltage 7 V
VIN Logic Input VoltageRange -0.3to+7 V
Vsense Sense Output Voltage 1.5 V Junction Temperature +150 °C
Top Operating Temperature Range 0to70 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range -55to +150 °C
THERMAL DATA
Symbol Description PLCC PDIP SO Unit
Rthj-case
Rthj-amb
Thermal Resistance Junction-case Max.
Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient Max.(*)(*)(*)
°C/W
°C/W
(*) With minimized copper area.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Tj =25°C,VS= 46V, VSS= 4.75Vto 5.25V, VREF= 5V; unless oth-
erwise specified) See fig.3.
Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
OUTPUT DRIVERS (OUTAor OUTB) MotorSupply Range 10 46 V
ICEX Output Leakage Current VOUT =Vs
VOUT =0
<-1
VCE(sat) Output Saturation Voltage Sink Driver, IOUT= +500mA
Sink Driver, IOUT= +750mA
Source Driver, IOUT= -500mA
Source Driver, IOUT= -750mA
1.6 Clamp Diode Leakage Current VR= 50V - <1 50 μA Clamp Diode Forward Voltage Sink Diode
Source DiodeIF =750mA
IS(on) Driver Supply Current Both Bridges ON,No Load - 8 15 mA
IS(off) Driver Supply Current Both Bridges OFF - 6 10 mA
CONTROL LOGIC
VIN(H) Input Voltage All Inputs 2.4 - - V
VIN(L) Input Voltage All Inputs - - 0.8 V
IIN(H) Input Current VIN= 2.4V - <1 20 μA
IIN(L) Input Current VIN= 0.84V - -3 -200 μA
VREF Reference Voltage Operating 1.5 - 7.5 V
ISS(ON) Total Logic Supply Current Io=I1= 0.8V,No Load - 64 74 mA
ISS(OFF) Total Logic Supply Current Io =I1= 2.4V,No Load - 10 14 mA
COMPARATORS
VREF /Vsense Current Limit Threshold(attrip
point =I1= 0.8V 9.5 10 10.5 -= 2.4V,I1= 0.8V 13.5 15 16.5 -= 0.8V,I1= 2.4V 25.5 30 34.5 -
toff Cutoff Time Rt= 56KΩ Ct= 820pF - 50 s TurnOff Delay Fig.1 - 1 s
L6219
3/10
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The circuitis intendedto drive both windingsofa
bipolar stepper motor.
The peak current controlis generated through
switch mode regulation.
Thereisa choiceof three different current levels
with the two logic inputsI01 -I11 for winding1 and
I02 -I12 for winding2.
The current can alsobe switchedoff completely
Input Logic(I0 andI1)
The current levelin the motor windingis selected
with these inputs. (See fig.2) anyof the logic inputsis left open, the circuit will
treatit hasa high level input. I1 Current Level Current
Low Current1/3Io max
Medium Current 2/3Io max
Maximum CurrentIo max
Phase
This input determines the directionof current flow the windings, dependingon the motor connec-
tions. The signalis fed througha Schmidt-trigger
for noise immunity, and througha time delayin
orderto guarantee that no short-circuit occursin
the output stage during phase-shift.
High levelon the PHASE input causes the motor
current flow from OutA through the windingto
OutB
Current Sensor
This part containsa current sensing resistor (RS), low pass filter (RC,CC) and three comparators.
Only one comparatoris activeata time.Itis acti-
vatedby the input logic accordingto the current
level chosen with signalsIo andI1.
The motor current flows through the sensing re-
sistor RS.
When the current has increasedso that the volt-
age across RS becomes higher than the refer-
ence voltage on the other comparator input, the
comparator goes high, which triggers the pulse
generator.
The max peak current Imax canbe defined by:
Imax= VrefRs
Figure1
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
PROTECTION Thermal Shutdown Temperature - 170 - °C
L6219
4/10
Single-pulse Generator
The pulse generatorisa monostabletriggeredon
the positive going edgeof the comparatoroutput.
The monostable outputis high during the pulse
time,toff, whichis determinedby the time compo-
nentsRt andCt.
toff= 1.1• RtCt
The single pulse switches off the power feedto
the motor winding, causing the winding currentto
decrease during toff.a new trigger signal should occur during toff,itis
ignored.
Output Stage
The output stage contains four Darlington transis-
tors (source drivers) four saturated transistors
(sink drivers) and eight diodes, connectedin two bridge.
The source transistors are usedto switch the
power suppliedto the motor winding, thus driving constant current through the winding. shouldbe noted however, thatis not permitted short circuit the outputs.
Internal circuitryis addedin orderto increase the
accuracyof the motor current particularly with low
current levels.
Figure2: Principle Operating Sequence
L6219
5/10
VS,VSS,VRef
The circuit will stand any orderof turn-onor turn-
off the supply voltages VS and VSS. Normal dV/dt
values are then assumed.
Preferably, VRef should be tracking VSS during
power-on and power-offifVSis established.
APPLICATION INFORMATIONS (Note1)
Some stepper motors are not designedfor contin-
uous operationat maximum current.As the circuit
drivesa constant current through the motor,its
temperature might increase exceedingly bothat
low and high speed operation.
Also, some stepper motors have such high core
losses that they are not suited for switch mode
current regulation.
Unused inputs should be connectedto proper
voltage levelsin orderto get the highestnoise im-
munity. the circuit operates with switch mode current
regulation, interference generation problems
might arisein some applications.A good measure
might thenbeto decouple the circuit witha 100nF
capacitor, located near the package between
power line and ground.
The ground lead between Rs, and circuit GND
shouldbe keptas shortas possible. typical Application Circuitis shownin Fig.3.
Note thatCt mustbe NPO typeor similar else. sense the winding current, paralleled metal
film resistors are recommended(Rs)
Note1- Other informationis availableas ”Smart
Power Development System”:
Test board HWL6219 (Stepper driver)
Software SWL6219 (Floppydisc)
Figure3: Typical Application Circuit. (Pin out referredto DIP24 package)
L6219
6/10

Partno	Mfg	Dc	Qty	Available	Descript
L6219D	STMicroelectronics	N/a	11	avai	STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER
L6219D	STM	N/a	524	avai	STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER