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CLP200M
OVERVOLTAGE AND OVERCURRENT PROTECTION FOR TELECOM LINE
CLP200MOVERVOLTAGE AND OVERCURRENT
PROTECTION FOR TELECOM LINE
Application Specific Discretes
A.S.D.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMAny telecom equipment submittedto transient
overvoltages and lightning strikes suchas: Analog and ISDN line cards PABX Main Distribution Frames Primary protection modules
MAIN APPLICATIONSThe CLP200Mis designedto protect telecommu-
nication equipment.It provides botha transient
overvoltage protection andan overcurrent protec-
tion.is housedina PowerSO-10TM package.
DESCRIPTION Dual bidirectional protection device. High peak pulse current:
ipp= 100a (10/1000μs surge) Max. voltageat switching-on: 290v Min. currentat switching-off: 150ma Failure status output pin
FEATURES Both primary and secondary protection levelsin
one device. Voltage and current controlled suppression. Surface Mounting with PowerSO-10TM pack-
age. Line card cost reduction thanksto the very low
power ratingof external components required:
balanced resistors, ring relay, low voltage SLIC
protection
BENEFITS
CLP200M
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CLP200M
Fig.1: Subscriber line protection topology
Fig.2: Line card protection
APPLICATION NOTE INTRODUCTIONThe aimof this sectionisto show the behaviorof
our new telecom line protection device. This de-
vice includesa primary protection level andis suit-
able for main distribution frames and line
cardsThis protection conceptis explained and,in
addition, the CLP200M performances are ana-
lysed when facing different surgesas describedin
the CCITT recommendations.
Figure1isa simplified block diagramofa sub-
scriber line protection thatis mainly usedso far.
This shows two different things: A “primary protection” locatedon the Main Distri-
bution Frame (MDF) eliminates coarsely the
high energy environmental disturbances (light-
ning transients and AC power mains
disturbances) A “secondary protection” locatedon the line card
includesa primary protection level (first stage) and residual protection (second stage) which elimi-
nates finely the remaining transients that have not
been totally suppressedby the first stage.
The CLP200M can be used bothin MDFs andin
line cards.In that case, any line card may be
swapped from one MDFto another one withoutre-
ducing the efficiencyof the whole system protec-
tion.
The CCITT requirements are different for these
two protection locations (MDFs and line cards).
Concerning the “primary protection”, the CCITTre-
quiresa 4kV, 10/700μs surge test whereas the
“secondary protection” hasto withstanda 1kV,
10/700μs surge test.
The explanations which follow are basically
covering the line card application.
STMicroelectronics CLP200M CONCEPT
2.1 Evolutionof the SLIC protectionOver the years, the silicon protection perfor-
mances have considerably changed.
The first generationof products like SMTHBTxx
and SMTHDTxx offered fixed overvoltage protec-
tion against surges on either TIPor RING linein
four packages.
The following generation like THBTxx and
THDTxx still offered fixed overvoltage protection
against surgeson both TIP and RING linesin two
packages.
The next step was the introduction of the
LCP1511D which brought the advantageof full
programmable voltage.
Today, the CLP200M combines the featuresofall
the previous generations.In additionto that,it of-
fers an overcurrent detection when operatingin
speech mode and alsoa Failure Status output sig-
nal.
The figure2 summarizes the performanceof the
CLP200M which basically holds the SLIC insideits
correct voltage and current values.
CLP200M
APPLICATION CIRCUIT: CLP200Min line card
Fig.3: CLP200Min line card
Figure3 above shows the topologyofa protected
analog subscriber lineat the exchange side. The
CLP200Mis connectedto the ring relay via two
balanced Rp resistors, andto the Subscriber Line
Interface Circuit.A second deviceis located near
the SLIC:it canbe eithera LCP1511Dora THDT
series.
These two devices are complementary and their
functions are explained below: The first stage based on CLP200M manages
the high power issued from the external
surges. When used in ringing mode, the
CLP200M operatesin voltage mode and pro-
vides a symmetrical and bidirectional
overvoltage protectionat +/-215Von both TIP
and RING lines. When usedin speech mode,
the CLP200M operatesin current mode and
the activation currentof the CLP200Mis ad-
justedby RSENSE. The second stageis the external voltage refer-
ence device which defines the firing threshold
voltage during the speech mode and also as-
sumes a residual power overvoltage
suppression. This protection stage canbe either fixedor programmable breakover device. The
THDTxx family actsasa fixed breakover device
while the LCP1511D operatesasa programma-
ble protection.
Thanksto this topology, the surge currentin the
lineis reduced after the CLP200M. Because the
remaining surge energyis low, the power ratingsof
Rp, the ring relay contacts and the external voltage
reference circuit maybe downsized. This resultsin significant cost reduction.
CLP200M
2.3 Ringing mode
Fig.4: Switchingby voltage during ringing mode.
Fig.5a: Methodto adjust the reference voltage. ringing mode (Ring relayin position 2), the only
protection device involvedis the CLP200M. normal conditions, the CLP200M operatesinre-
gion1of
A1 curve, andis idle.an overvoltage occuring between TIP (or RING)
and GND reaches the internal overvoltage
refe-rence (+/- 215V), the CLP200M acts and the
lineis short-circuitedto GND.At this time the oper-
ating point movesto region2 for positive surges
(region3for negative surges). Once the surge cur-
rent disappears, the device returnsto its initial
state (region1).
For surges occuring between TIP and RING, the
CLP200M actsin the same way. This means that
the CLP200M ensuresa tripolar protection.
When used alone, the CLP200M actsat the inter-
nal overvoltage reference level (+/- 215V). Fur-
thermore,it ispossibleto adjust this threshold levela lower voltageby using:. upto4 fixed external voltage reference (VZ1to
VZ4) (see fig.5a).
CLP200M external reference supplies, Vb1 and Vb2 (see fig.5b)..
Fig.5b: Methodto adjust the reference voltage.
2.4 Speech mode
Fig.6: Switchingby current during speech mode. speech mode (Ring relayin position 1), the pro-
tectionis provided by the combinationof both
CLP200M and the external voltage reference de-
vice. normal conditions, the working pointof this cir-
cuitis locatedin region4 of
A2 curve: the
CLP200Mis idle.
Whena surge occurson the line, the external volt-
age reference device clampsat GNDor -Vbat re-
spectivelyfor positive and negative surges.
This generatesa current whichis detected by
RSENSE and causes theprotectionto act: the lineis
short-circuitedto GND.
The operating point movesto region5 for positive
surgesor region6 for negative surges.
Once the surge current falls below the switch-
ing-off current ISWOFF, the CLP200M returnstoits
initial state (region4).
Furthermore, the CLP200M switches when an
overvoltage, either positiveor negative, occursei-
ther: simultaneouslyon both TIP and RING lines ver-
sus GND. between TIP and RING. on TIP(or RING) versus GND.
CLP200M
Fig. 7a and 7b: Switching-on current versus
RSENSE.
Fig.9: Operation limits and destruction zoneof
the CLP200M.
Fig.8: Failure Status circuit and diagnostic.
The choiceof the switching-on currentis function the RSENSE resistors. normal operating condition, only the negative
currentof the signalisof interest. This current (typ-
ically below -150 mA) should not activate the pro-
tection device CLP200M. Therefore the levelof
activationistobe chosen just above this limit (typi-
cally -200 mA). This levelis adjusted through
RSENSE.
Figures7a and7b enable the designersto choose
the right RSENSE value.
EXAMPLE:The choiceof RSENSE =4Ω ensuresa negative
triggeringof -220 mA min and -320 mA max.In this
case, the positive triggering willbe 180mA min and
280 mA max.
2.5. Failure StatusThe CLP200M hasan internal feature that allows
the userto geta Failure Status (FS) indication.
When the CLP200Mis short-circuiting the lineto
GND,a signal canbe managed through pin1. This
signal canbe usedto turna LEDonin orderto pro-
videa surge indication.It may alsobe used witha
logic circuitryto count the numberof disturbances
appearingon the lines.a surge exceeding the maximum ratingsof the
CLP200M occurs onthe line, thedevice will failina
short-circuit state.
The figure9 shows two different curves: The lower one indicates the maximum
guaranted working limitsof the CLP200M. The upper curve shows the limit above which the
CLP200Mis completely destructed.In this case,
the Fail Diagnostic pinis on.
CLP200M
Fig.10: Transversal and longitudinal test
topologies.
Fig.12: Power contact test circuit.
Fig.11: Power induction test circuit.
3. CLP200M TESTS RESULTS ACCORDING TO
CCITT K20 RECOMMENDATIONS
3.1 CCITT K20 Recommendations respect with the CCITT recommendations, the
CLP200M hasto withstand three kindsof distur-
bances.
3.1.1. Lightning simulation
(Test2, table 2/K20)This test shallbe donein transversal and longitudi-
nal modesas shownin figure 10.
The test generatoris the 10/700μs with 4kVof
peak voltage.
3.1.2. Power induction
(Test3a and 3b, table 2/K20)Two kindsof tests using the same circuit topology
(see fig.11) are definedin the CCITT K20.
Vac(max)= 300VRMS,R1=R2=600Ω operating and test duration= 200 ms. Test3b:
Vac(max)= 300VRMS (*), R1= R2= 200Ω operating and test duration not defined.
(*) Recommended value.
3.1.3. Power contact (Test3, table 1/K20)This test shallbe done with the test circuitof figure
Vac(max)= 220VRMS, with switchSin each posi-
tion and duration15 min.
3.1.4. Acceptance criteria and numberof testsFor the testsdescribed inchapter 3.1.1., 3.1.2. and
3.1.3. two criteria are defined: Equipment shall withstand the test without dam-
age and shall operate properly within the specified
limits.A fire hazard should not occurin the equipmenta resultof the tests.
The criteria are affectedto the different testsas
mentionedin the table1.
CLP200M
Table1: Acceptance criteria and numberof tests.
Fig.13: Lightning simulation test.
Fig.14: CLP200M responsetoa positive surge.
Fig.15: CLP200M responsetoa negative surge.
Fig.16: Power inductance test.
3.2. Ringing mode
3.2.1. Lightning simulation testLightning phenomena are the most common surge
causes. The purposeof this testisto check thero-
bustnessof the CLP200M against these lightning
strikes.
Figures 14 and 15 show that the remaining
overvoltage does not exceed +/- 260 V. The
CLP200M switches on within 0.7 μs and with-
stands the 100A givenby the CCITT K20 genera-
tor.
Consequently,the CLP200M totally fulfills this test.
3.2.2 Power induction
(Test3a and 3b table 2/K20)Surgesof long duration with medium voltage value
are mainly produced by the proximityofa sub-
scriber line with an AC mains lineor equipment.
The purposeof this testisto check the robustness the CLP200M against these capacitive coupling
disturbances.
CLP200M
Fig.17: CLP200M responseto the induction test
(Test 3a).
Fig.18: CLP200M reponseto the induction test
(Test 3b).
Fig.19: Power contact test.
Fig.20: Power contact test3 (With 10Ω series).
Fig. 21: Lightning testin speech mode.
Figures17 and18 show that the remaining voltage
does not exceed 270V.
Consequently, the CLP200M totally fulfills this test.
The test durationis not specifiedin test 3b.If the
duration exceeds5s we do suggestto follow the
soldering and mounting recommendations given page17of this document.
3.2.3 Power contact (Test3 table 1/K20)This long duration surgeis produced when con-
nectinga subscriber lineto an AC mains lineor
equipment. The purposeof this testisto check the
robustnessof the CLP200M against these distur-
bances.
The test3of CCITT K20 requiresa serial PTC (or
fuse) whichis insertedin the test circuitto limit the
current rate. This PTC acts likean open-circuitina
non-instantaneous way whena surge occurs on
the line. Meanwhile, the CLP200M hasto with-
stand the surge.
Figure 20 shows that the remaining overvoltage
does not exceed 250V and shows that the PTC
acts likean open-circuit after60 ms.
Consequently,the CLP200M totally fulfills this test.
3.3. Speech mode
3.3.1. Lightning simulation test
(Test2, table 2/K20)
CLP200M
Fig.22: CLP200M responsetoa positive surge.
Fig.23: CLP200M responsetoa negative surge.
Fig.24: Power induction test.
Fig.25: Induction test behavior (Test 3a).
Figures22 and23 give the voltage and current be-
havior during positive and negative 4kV, 10/700μs,
surge tests usinga LCP1511D as second stage
protection device. The firing threshold values are
now adjustedto GND andto -Vbat (-48V)by the
actionof thesecond stage protection whichactsas external voltage reference. shownon these figures, the maximum remain-
ing voltage does not exceed +2.5V for positive
surges and -60Vfor negative surges.
Consequently, the CLP200M totally fulfills this test.
3.3.2 Power induction test
(Test3a and 3b, table 2/K20)Figures25 and26 show that the maximum remain-
ing voltage does not exceed +2V for positive
surges and -55V for negative surges.
Consequently,the CLP200M totally fulfills this test.
The test durationis not specifiedin test 3b.If the
duration exceeds5s we do suggestto follow the
soldering and mounting recommendations given page17of this document.
