ADSP-2186LBCA-160 ,16-bit, 40 MIPS, 3.3 v, 2 Serial Ports, Host Port, 40 KB RAMOVERVIEWthat is easy to program and debug. The Linker combines objectThe ADSP-2186L instruction set ..
ADSP-2186LBCA-160 ,16-bit, 40 MIPS, 3.3 v, 2 Serial Ports, Host Port, 40 KB RAMapplications.Programmable 16-Bit Interval Timer with PrescalerThe ADSP-2186L combines the ADSP-2100 ..
ADSP-2186LBST-115 ,DSP Microcomputerspecifications forProgrammable 16-Bit Interval Timer with Prescalerthe ADSP-2186L (3.3 V) processor ..
ADSP-2186LBST-133 ,DSP MicrocomputerFEATURESPERFORMANCEPOWER-DOWN25 ns Instruction Cycle Time 40 MIPS SustainedCONTROLFULL MEMORYPerfor ..
ADSP-2186LKST-115 ,DSP MicrocomputerGENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADSP-2186L is a single-chip microcomputer optimized forSYSTEM INTERFACEdigit ..
ADSP-2186LKST-115 ,DSP Microcomputerapplications.On-Chip Memory (Mode Selectable)4 MByte Byte Memory Interface for Storage of DataThe A ..
AM26C31CD ,Quadruple Differential Line DriverFeatures section and added the Applications section, the Device Information table, ESD Ratings tabl ..
AM26C31CDB , QUADRUPLE DIFFERENTIAL LINE DRIVERS
AM26C31CDBR ,Quadruple Differential Line DriverElectrical Characteristics: AM26C31Q and12 Device and Documentation Support........ 15AM26C31M. 612 ..
AM26C31CDBRG4 ,Quadruple Differential Line Driver 16-SSOP 0 to 70Features 3 DescriptionThe AM26C31 device is a differential line driver with1• Meets or Exceeds the ..
AM26C31CDG4 ,Quadruple Differential Line Driver 16-SOIC 0 to 70Block Diagrams. 103 Description....... 18.3 Feature Description.... 114 Revision History........ 28 ..
AM26C31CDR ,Quadruple Differential Line DriverMaximum Ratings . 49.2 Typical Application .... 126.2 ESD Ratings........ 410 Power Supply Recommen ..
ADSP-2186LBCA-160
16-bit, 40 MIPS, 3.3 v, 2 Serial Ports, Host Port, 40 KB RAM
REV.B
DSP Microcomputer
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
FEATURES
Performance
25 ns Instruction Cycle Time 40 MIPS Sustained
Performance
Single-Cycle Instruction Execution
Single-Cycle Context Switch
3-Bus Architecture Allows Dual Operand Fetches in
Every Instruction Cycle
Multifunction Instructions
Power-Down Mode Featuring Low CMOS Standby
Power Dissipation with 400 Cycle Recovery from
Power-Down Condition
Low Power Dissipation in Idle Mode
Integration
ADSP-2100 Family Code Compatible, with Instruction
Set Extensions
40K Bytes of On-Chip RAM, Configured as
8K Words On-Chip Program Memory RAM and
8K Words On-Chip Data Memory RAM
Dual Purpose Program Memory for Both Instruction
and Data Storage
Independent ALU, Multiplier/Accumulator and Barrel
Shifter Computational Units
Two Independent Data Address Generators
Powerful Program Sequencer Provides
Zero Overhead Looping Conditional Instruction
Execution
Programmable 16-Bit Interval Timer with Prescaler
100-Lead LQFP and 144-Ball Mini-BGA
System Interface
16-Bit Internal DMA Port for High Speed Access to
On-Chip Memory (Mode Selectable)
4 MByte Byte Memory Interface for Storage of Data
Tables and Program Overlays
8-Bit DMA to Byte Memory for Transparent Program
and Data Memory Transfers (Mode Selectable)
I/O Memory Interface with 2048 Locations Supports
Parallel Peripherals (Mode Selectable)
Programmable Memory Strobe and Separate I/O Memory
Space Permits “Glueless” System Design
(Mode Selectable)
Programmable Wait State Generation
Two Double-Buffered Serial Ports with Companding
Hardware and Automatic Data Buffering
Automatic Booting of On-Chip Program Memory from
Byte-Wide External Memory, e.g., EPROM, or
Through Internal DMA Port
Six External Interrupts
13 Programmable Flag Pins Provide Flexible System
Signaling
UART Emulation through Software SPORT Reconfiguration
ICE-Port™ Emulator Interface Supports Debugging
in Final Systems
GENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADSP-2186L is a single-chip microcomputer optimized for
digital signal processing (DSP) and other high speed numeric
processing applications.
The ADSP-2186L combines the ADSP-2100 family base archi-
tecture (three computational units, data address generators
and a program sequencer) with two serial ports, a 16-bit inter-
nal DMA port, a byte DMA port, a programmable timer, Flag
I/O, extensive interrupt capabilities and on-chip program and
data memory.
The ADSP-2186L integrates 40K bytes of on-chip memory
configured as 8K words (24-bit) of program RAM and 8K
words (16-bit) of data RAM. Power-down circuitry is also pro-
vided to meet the low power needs of battery operated portable
equipment. The ADSP-2186L is available in a 100-lead LQFP
and 144-ball mini-BGA packages.
In addition, the ADSP-2186L supports new instructions, which
include bit manipulations—bit set, bit clear, bit toggle, bit test—
new ALU constants, new multiplication instruction (x squared),
biased rounding, result free ALU operations, I/O memory trans-
fers and global interrupt masking for increased flexibility.
Fabricated in a high speed, double metal, low power, CMOS
process, the ADSP-2186L operates with a 25 ns instruction cycle
time. Every instruction can execute in a single processor cycle.
The ADSP-21xx family DSPs contain a shadow bank register
that is useful for single cycle context switching of the processor.
ICE-Port is a trademark of Analog Devices, Inc.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
ADSP-2186LThe ADSP-2186L’s flexible architecture and comprehensive
instruction set allow the processor to perform multiple opera-
tions in parallel. In one processor cycle the ADSP-2186L can:Generate the next program addressFetch the next instructionPerform one or two data movesUpdate one or two data address pointersPerform a computational operation
This takes place while the processor continues to:Receive and transmit data through the two serial portsReceive and/or transmit data through the internal DMA portReceive and/or transmit data through the byte DMA portDecrement timer
Development SystemThe ADSP-2100 Family Development Software, a complete set
of tools for software and hardware system development, sup-
ports the ADSP-2186L. The Assembler has an algebraic syntax
that is easy to program and debug. The Linker combines object
files into an executable file. The Simulator provides an interactive
instruction- level simulation with a reconfigurable user interface
to display different portions of the hardware environment. A
PROM Splitter generates PROM programmer compatible
files. The C Compiler, based on the Free Software Foundation’s
GNU C Compiler, generates ADSP-2186L assembly source
code. The source code debugger allows programs to be cor-
rected in the C environment. The Runtime Library includes over
100 ANSI-standard mathematical and DSP-specific functions.
The EZ-KIT Lite is a hardware/software kit offering a complete
development environment for the ADSP-218x family: an ADSP-
218x-based evaluation board with PC monitor software plus
Assembler, Linker, Simulator, and PROM Splitter software.
The ADSP-218x EZ-KIT Lite is a low-cost, easy-to-use hard-
ware platform on which you can quickly get started with your
DSP software design. The EZ-KIT Lite includes the following
features:75MHz ADSP-2189MFull 16-bit Stereo Audio I/O with AD73322 CodecRS-232 InterfaceEZ-ICE Connector for Emulator ControlDSP Demo ProgramsEvaluation Suite of Visual DSP
The ADSP-218x EZ-ICE Emulator aids in the hardware debug-
ging of an ADSP-2186L system. The emulator consists of hard-
ware, host computer resident software, and the target board
connector. The ADSP-2186L integrates on-chip emulation
support with a 14-pin ICE-Port interface. This interface provides a
simpler target board connection that requires fewer mechanical
clearance considerations than other ADSP-2100 Family EZ-ICEs.
The ADSP-2186L device need not be removed from the target
system when using the EZ-ICE, nor are any adapters needed. Due
to the small footprint of the EZ-ICE connector, emulation can
be supported in final board designs.
The EZ-ICE performs a full range of functions, including:In-target operationUp to 20 breakpointsPC upload and download functionsInstruction-level emulation of program booting and executionComplete assembly and disassembly of instructionsC source-level debugging
See Designing An EZ-ICE-Compatible Target System in the
ADSP-2100 Family EZ-Tools Manual (ADSP-2181 sections), as
well as the Target Board Connector for EZ-ICE Probe section
of this data sheet, for the exact specifications of the EZ-ICE
target board connector.
Additional InformationThis data sheet provides a general overview of ADSP-2186L
functionality. For additional information on the architecture and
instruction set of the processor, refer to the ADSP-218x DSP
Hardware Reference. For more information about the develop-
ment tools, refer to the ADSP-2100 Family Development Tools
Data Sheet.
ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEWThe ADSP-2186L instruction set provides flexible data moves
and multifunction (one or two data moves with a computation)
instructions. Every instruction can be executed in a single pro-
cessor cycle. The ADSP-2186L assembly language uses an alge-
braic syntax for ease of coding and readability. A comprehensive
set of development tools supports program development.
Figure 1.Block Diagram
Figure 1 is an overall block diagram of the ADSP-2186L. The
processor contains three independent computational units: the
ALU, the multiplier/accumulator (MAC) and the shifter. The
computational units process 16-bit data directly and have provi-
sions to support multiprecision computations. The ALU per-
forms a standard set of arithmetic and logic operations; division
primitives are also supported. The MAC performs single-cycle
multiply, multiply/add and multiply/subtract operations with
40 bits of accumulation. The shifter performs logical and arith-
metic shifts, normalization, denormalization and derive expo-
nent operations.
The shifter can be used to efficiently implement numeric
format control including multiword and block floating-point
representations.
The internal result (R) bus connects the computational units so
the output of any unit may be the input of any unit on the
A powerful program sequencer and two dedicated data address
generators ensure efficient delivery of operands to these compu-
tational units. The sequencer supports conditional jumps, sub-
routine calls and returns in a single cycle. With internal loop
counters and loop stacks, the ADSP-2186L executes looped code
with zero overhead; no explicit jump instructions are required to
maintain loops.
Two data address generators (DAGs) provide addresses for
simultaneous dual operand fetches from data memory and pro-
gram memory. Each DAG maintains and updates four address
pointers. Whenever the pointer is used to access data (indirect
addressing), it is post-modified by the value of one of four pos-
sible modify registers. A length value may be associated with
each pointer to implement automatic modulo addressing for
circular buffers.
Efficient data transfer is achieved with the use of five internal
buses:Program Memory Address (PMA) BusProgram Memory Data (PMD) BusData Memory Address (DMA) BusData Memory Data (DMD) BusResult (R) Bus
The two address buses (PMA and DMA) share a single external
address bus, allowing memory to be expanded off-chip, and the
two data buses (PMD and DMD) share a single external data
bus. Byte memory space and I/O memory space also share the
external buses.
Program memory can store both instructions and data, permit-
ting the ADSP-2186L to fetch two operands in a single cycle,
one from program memory and one from data memory. The
ADSP-2186L can fetch an operand from program memory and
the next instruction in the same cycle.
When configured in host mode, the ADSP-2186L has a 16-bit
Internal DMA port (IDMA port) for connection to external
systems. The IDMA port is made up of 16 data/address pins
and five control pins. The IDMA port provides transparent,
direct access to the DSPs on-chip program and data RAM.
An interface to low cost byte-wide memory is provided by the
Byte DMA port (BDMA port). The BDMA port is bidirectional
and can directly address up to four megabytes of external RAM
or ROM for off-chip storage of program overlays or data tables.
The byte memory and I/O memory space interface supports
slow memories and I/O memory-mapped peripherals with
programmable wait state generation. External devices can
gain control of external buses with bus request/grant signals
(BR, BGH and BG). One execution mode (Go Mode) allows
the ADSP-2186L to continue running from on-chip memory.
Normal execution mode requires the processor to halt while
buses are granted.
The ADSP-2186L can respond to 11 interrupts. There are up to
six external interrupts (one edge-sensitive, two level-sensitive and
three configurable) and seven internal interrupts generated by
the timer, the serial ports (SPORTs), the Byte DMA port and
the power-down circuitry. There is also a master RESET inter-
rupt. The two serial ports provide a complete synchronous serial
Each port can generate an internal programmable serial clock or
accept an external serial clock.
The ADSP-2186L provides up to 13 general-purpose flag pins.
The data input and output pins on SPORT1 can be alternatively
configured as an input flag and an output flag. In addition, eight
flags are programmable as inputs or outputs, and three flags are
always outputs.
A programmable interval timer generates periodic interrupts. A
16-bit count register (TCOUNT) decrements every n processor
cycles, where n is a scaling value stored in an 8-bit register
(TSCALE). When the value of the count register reaches zero,
an interrupt is generated and the count register is reloaded from
a 16-bit period register (TPERIOD).
Serial PortsThe ADSP-2186L incorporates two complete synchronous
serial ports (SPORT0 and SPORT1) for serial communications
and multiprocessor communication.
Here is a brief list of the capabilities of the ADSP-2186L SPORTs.
For additional information on Serial Ports, refer to the ADSP-218x
DSP Hardware Reference.SPORTs are bidirectional and have a separate, double-
buffered transmit and receive section.SPORTs can use an external serial clock or generate their own
serial clock internally.SPORTs have independent framing for the receive and trans-
mit sections. Sections run in a frameless mode or with frame
synchronization signals internally or externally generated.
Frame sync signals are active high or inverted, with either of
two pulsewidths and timings.SPORTs support serial data word lengths from 3 to 16 bits
and provide optional A-law and µ-law companding according
to CCITT recommendation G.711.SPORT receive and transmit sections can generate unique
interrupts on completing a data word transfer.SPORTs can receive and transmit an entire circular buffer of
data with only one overhead cycle per data word. An interrupt
is generated after a data buffer transfer.SPORT0 has a multichannel interface to selectively receive
and transmit a 24- or 32-word, time-division multiplexed,
serial bitstream.SPORT1 can be configured to have two external interrupts
(IRQ0 and IRQ1) and the Flag In and Flag Out signals. The
internally generated serial clock may still be used in this
configuration.
PIN DESCRIPTIONSThe ADSP-2186L is available in a 100-lead LQFP and a 144-ball
Mini-BGA package. In order to maintain maximum functionality
and reduce package size and pin count, some serial port, pro-
grammable flag, interrupt and external bus pins have dual,
multiplexed functionality. The external bus pins are config-
ured during RESET only, while serial port pins are software
configurable during program execution. Flag and interrupt
functionality is retained concurrently on multiplexed pins. In
cases where pin functionality is reconfigurable, the default state is
ADSP-2186L
Common-Mode Pins
PinMode B/
PF1
Mode A/
PF0
CLKIN, XTAL
CLKOUT
SPORT0
SPORT1
IRQ1:0
FI, FO
GND
VDD
GND
NOTESInterrupt/Flag pins retain both functions concurrently. If IMASK is set to
enable the corresponding interrupts, the DSP will vector to the appropriate
interrupt vector address when the pin is asserted, either by external devices or
Memory Interface PinsThe ADSP-2186L processor can be used in one of two modes:
Full Memory Mode, which allows BDMA operation with full
external overlay memory and I/O capability, or Host Mode, which
allows IDMA operation with limited external addressing capabili-
ties. The operating mode is determined by the state of the Mode C
pin during RESET and cannot be changed while the processor is
running. (See Table VI for complete mode operation descriptions.)
Full Memory Mode Pins (Mode C = 0)
Host Mode Pins (Mode C = 1)In Host Mode, external peripheral addresses can be decoded using the A0,
CMS, PMS, DMS and IOMS signals.
Terminating Unused PinThe following table shows the recommendations for terminating
unused pins.
Pin Terminations
Pin Terminations (Continued)DMS
BMS
IOMS
CMS
BGH
IRQ2/PF7
IRQL1/PF6
IRQL0/PF5
IRQE/PF4
SCLK0
RFS0
DR0
TFS0
DT0
SCLK1
RFS1/IRQ0
DR1/FI
TFS1/IRQ1
DT1/FO
EBR
EBG
ERESET
EMS
EINT
ECLK
ELIN
NOTES
*Hi-Z = High Impedance.1.If the CLKOUT pin is not used, turn it OFF, using CLKODIS in Sport0
autobuffer control register.
2.If the Interrupt/Programmable Flag pins are not used, there are two options:
Option 1: When these pins are configured as INPUTS at reset and function as
interrupts and input flag pins, pull the pins High (inactive).
Setting Memory ModeMemory Mode selection for the ADSP-2186L is made during
chip reset through the use of the Mode C pin. This pin is multi-
plexed with the DSP’s PF2 pin, so care must be taken in how
the mode selection is made. The two methods for selecting the
value of Mode C are passive and active.
Passive configuration involves the use of a pull-up or pull-down
resistor connected to the Mode C pin. To minimize power
consumption, or if the PF2 pin is to be used as an output in the
DSP application, a weak pull-up or pull-down, on the order of
100kΩ, can be used. This value should be sufficient to pull the
pin to the desired level and still allow the pin to operate as a
programmable flag output without undue strain on the processor’s
output driver. For minimum power consumption during
power-down, reconfigure PF2 to be an input, as the pull-up or
pull-down will hold the pin in a known state, and will not switch.
Active configuration involves the use of a three-stateable external
driver connected to the Mode C pin. A driver’s output enable
should be connected to the DSP’s RESET signal such that it
only drives the PF2 pin when RESET is active (low). After
RESET is deasserted, the driver should three-state, thus allow-
ing full use of the PF2 pin as either an input or output.
To minimize power consumption during power-down, configure
the programmable flag as an output when connected to a three-
stated buffer. This ensures that the pin will be held at a constant
level and not oscillate should the three-state driver’s level hover
around the logic switching point.
InterruptsThe interrupt controller allows the processor to respond to the
thirteen possible interrupts (eleven of which can be enabled
at any one time), and RESET with minimum overhead. The
ADSP-2186L provides four dedicated external interrupt input
pins, IRQ2, IRQL0, IRQL1 and IRQE (shared with the PF7:4
pins). In addition, SPORT1 may be reconfigured for IRQ0,
IRQ1, FI and FO, for a total of six external interrupts. The
ADSP-2186L also supports internal interrupts from the timer,
the byte DMA port, the two serial ports, software and the
power-down control circuit. The interrupt levels are internally
prioritized and individually maskable (except power-down and
RESET). The IRQ2, IRQ0 and IRQ1 input pins can be pro-
grammed to be either level- or edge-sensitive. IRQL0 and
IRQL1 are level-sensitive and IRQE is edge-sensitive. The priori-
ties and vector addresses of all interrupts are shown in Table I.
Table I.Interrupt Priority and Interrupt Vector Addresses
ADSP-2186LInterrupt routines can either be nested, with higher priority
interrupts taking precedence, or processed sequentially. Inter-
rupts can be masked or unmasked with the IMASK register.
Individual interrupt requests are logically ANDed with the bits
in IMASK; the highest priority unmasked interrupt is then
selected. The power-down interrupt is nonmaskable.
The ADSP-2186L masks all interrupts for one instruction cycle
following the execution of an instruction that modifies the
IMASK register. This does not affect serial port autobuffering
or DMA transfers.
The interrupt control register, ICNTL, controls interrupt nest-
ing and defines the IRQ0, IRQ1 and IRQ2 external interrupts to
be either edge- or level-sensitive. The IRQE pin is an external
edge-sensitive interrupt and can be forced and cleared. The
IRQL0 and IRQL1 pins are external level-sensitive interrupts.
The IFC register is a write-only register used to force and clear
interrupts.
On-chip stacks preserve the processor status and are automati-
cally maintained during interrupt handling. The stacks are twelve
levels deep to allow interrupt, loop and subroutine nesting.
The following instructions allow global enable or disable servic-
ing of the interrupts (including power-down), regardless of the
state of IMASK. Disabling the interrupts does not affect serial
port autobuffering or DMA.
ENA INTS;
DIS INTS;
When the processor is reset, interrupt servicing is enabled.
LOW POWER OPERATIONThe ADSP-2186L has three low power modes that significantly
reduce the power dissipation when the device operates under
standby conditions. These modes are:Power-Down
•IdleSlow Idle
The CLKOUT pin may also be disabled to reduce external
power dissipation.
Power-DownThe ADSP-2186L processor has a low power feature that lets
the processor enter a very low power dormant state through
hardware or software control. Following is a brief list of power-
down features. Refer to the ADSP-218x DSP Hardware Reference,
“System Interface” chapter, for detailed information about the
power-down feature.Quick recovery from power-down. The processor begins
executing instructions in as few as 400 CLKIN cycles.Support for an externally generated TTL or CMOS proces-
sor clock. The external clock can continue running during
power-down without affecting the lowest power rating and
400 CLKIN cycle recovery.Support for crystal operation includes disabling the oscillator
to save power (the processor automatically waits approxi-
mately 4096 CLKIN cycles for the crystal oscillator to start
or stabilize), and letting the oscillator run to allow 400CLKIN
cycle start-up.Power-down is initiated by either the power-down pin (PWD)
or the software power-down force bit.Interrupt support allows an unlimited number of instructions
to be executed before optionally powering down. The power-
down interrupt also can be used as a nonmaskable, edge-
sensitive interrupt.Context clear/save control allows the processor to continue
where it left off or start with a clean context when leaving the
power-down state.The RESET pin also can be used to terminate power-down.Power-down acknowledge (PWDACK) pin indicates when
the processor has entered power-down.
IdleWhen the ADSP-2186L is in the Idle Mode, the processor waits
indefinitely in a low power state until an interrupt occurs. When
an unmasked interrupt occurs, it is serviced; execution then con-
tinues with the instruction following the IDLE instruction. In Idle
mode IDMA, BDMA and autobuffer cycle steals still occur.
Slow IdleThe IDLE instruction is enhanced on the ADSP-2186L to let
the processor’s internal clock signal be slowed, further reducing
power consumption. The reduced clock frequency, a program-
mable fraction of the normal clock rate, is specified by a select-
able divisor given in the IDLE instruction. The format of the
instruction is:
IDLE (n)
where n = 16, 32, 64 or 128. This instruction keeps the proces-
sor fully functional, but operating at the slower clock rate. While
it is in this state, the processor’s other internal clock signals such
as SCLK, CLKOUT and timer clock, are reduced by the same
ratio. The default form of the instruction, when no clock divisor
is given, is the standard IDLE instruction.
When the IDLE (n) instruction is used, it effectively slows down
the processor’s internal clock and thus its response time to incom-
ing interrupts. The one-cycle response time of the standard idle
state is increased by n, the clock divisor. When an enabled inter-
rupt is received, the ADSP-2186L will remain in the idle state
for up to a maximum of n processor cycles (n = 16, 32, 64 or
128) before resuming normal operation.
When the IDLE (n) instruction is used in systems that have an
externally generated serial clock (SCLK), the serial clock rate
may be faster than the processor’s reduced internal clock rate.
Under these conditions, interrupts must not be generated at a
faster rate than can be serviced due to the additional time the
processor takes to come out of the idle state (a maximum of n
processor cycles).
SYSTEM INTERFACEFigure 2 shows typical basic system configurations with the
ADSP-2186L, two serial devices, a byte-wide EPROM and
optional external program and data overlay memories (mode
selectable). Programmable wait state generation allows the pro-
cessor to connect easily to slow peripheral devices. The ADSP-
2186L also provides four external interrupts and two serial ports
or six external interrupts and one serial port. Host Memory
Mode allows access to the full external data bus, but limits
addressing to a single address bit (A0). Additional system
peripherals can be added in this mode through the use of exter-
nal hardware to generate and latch address signals.
Figure 2.Basic System Configuration
Clock SignalsThe ADSP-2186L can be clocked by either a crystal or a
TTL-compatible clock signal.
The CLKIN input cannot be halted, changed during operation
or operated below the specified frequency during normal operation.
The only exception is while the processor is in the power-down
state. For additional information on the power-down feature,
refer to the ADSP-218x DSP Hardware Reference.
If an external clock is used, it should be a TTL-compatible
signal running at half the instruction rate. The signal is con-
nected to the processor’s CLKIN input. When an external clock
is used, the XTAL input must be left unconnected.
The ADSP-2186L uses an input clock with a frequency equal to
half the instruction rate; a 0.20 MHz input clock yields a 25 ns
processor cycle (which is equivalent to 40 MHz). Normally,
instructions are executed in a single processor cycle. All device
timing is relative to the internal instruction clock rate, which is
indicated by the CLKOUT signal when enabled.
Because the ADSP-2186L includes an on-chip oscillator circuit,
an external crystal may be used. The crystal should be connected
across the CLKIN and XTAL pins, with two capacitors con-
nected as shown in Figure 3. Capacitor values are dependent on
crystal type and should be specified by the crystal manufacturer.
A parallel-resonant, fundamental frequency, microprocessor-
grade crystal should be used.
A clock output (CLKOUT) signal is generated by the proces-
sor at the processor’s cycle rate. This can be enabled and
disabled by the CLKODIS bit in the SPORT0 Autobuffer
Control Register.
Figure 3.External Crystal Connections
ResetThe RESET signal initiates a master reset of the ADSP-2186L.
The RESET signal must be asserted during the power-up
sequence to assure proper initialization. RESET during initial
power-up must be held long enough to allow the internal clock
to stabilize. If RESET is activated any time after power-up, the
clock continues to run and does not require stabilization time.
The power-up sequence is defined as the total time required for
the crystal oscillator circuit to stabilize after a valid VDD is
applied to the processor, and for the internal phase-locked loop
(PLL) to lock onto the specific crystal frequency. A minimum of
2000 CLKIN cycles ensures that the PLL has locked, but does
not include the crystal oscillator start-up time. During this
power-up sequence the RESET signal should be held low. On
any subsequent resets, the RESET signal must meet the mini-
mum pulsewidth specification, tRSP.
The RESET input contains some hysteresis; however, if an RC
ADSP-2186LThe master RESET sets all internal stack pointers to the empty
stack condition, masks all interrupts and clears the MSTAT
register. When RESET is released, if there is no pending bus
request and the chip is configured for booting, the boot-loading
sequence is performed. The first instruction is fetched from
on-chip program memory location 0x0000 once boot loading
completes. In an EZ-ICE-compatible system RESET and
ERESET have the same functionality. For complete information,
see Designing an EZ-ICE-Compatible System section.
MEMORY ARCHITECTUREThe ADSP-2186L provides a variety of memory and peripheral
interface options. The key functional groups are Program Memory,
Data Memory, Byte Memory and I/O.
Program Memory (Full Memory Mode) is a 24-bit-wide spacefor storing both instruction opcodes and data. The ADSP-2186L
has 8K words of Program Memory RAM on chip, and the capabil-
ity of accessing up to two 8K external memory overlay spaces using
the external data bus. Both an instruction opcode and a data value
can be read from on-chip program memory in a single cycle.
Data Memory (Full Memory Mode) is a 16-bit-wide spaceused for the storage of data variables and for memory-mapped
control registers. The ADSP-2186L has 8K words on Data
Memory RAM on chip, consisting of 8160 user-accessible
locations and 32 memory-mapped registers. Support also exists
for up to two 8K external memory overlay spaces through the
external data bus.
Byte Memory (Full Memory Mode) provides access to an8-bit wide memory space through the Byte DMA (BDMA) port.
The Byte Memory interface provides access to 4 MBytes of
memory by utilizing eight data lines as additional address lines.
This gives the BDMA Port an effective 22-bit address range. On
power-up, the DSP can automatically load bootstrap code from
byte memory.
I/O Space (Full Memory Mode) allows access to 2048 loca-tions of 16-bit-wide data. It is intended to be used to communi-
cate with parallel peripheral devices such as data converters and
external registers or latches.
Program MemoryThe ADSP-2186L contains an 8K × 24 on-chip program RAM.
The on-chip program memory is designed to allow up to two
accesses each cycle so that all operations can complete in a
single cycle. In addition, the ADSP-2186L allows the use of 8K
external memory overlays.
The program memory space organization is controlled by the
Mode B pin and the PMOVLAY register. Normally, the ADSP-
2186L is configured with Mode B = 0 and program memory
organized as shown in Figure 4.
There are 8K words of memory accessible internally when the
PMOVLAY register is set to 0. When PMOVLAY is set to some-
thing other than 0, external accesses occur at addresses 0x2000
through 0x3FFF. The external address is generated as shown
in Table II.
Table II.PMOVLAY AddressingNOTE: Addresses 0x2000 through 0x3FFF should not be accessed when
PMOVLAY = 0.
This organization provides for two external 8K overlay segments
using only the normal 14 address bits, which allows for simple
program overlays using one of the two external segments in place
of the on-chip memory. Care must be taken in using this overlay
space in that the processor core (i.e., the sequencer) does not take
into account the PMOVLAY register value. For example, if a loop
operation is occurring on one of the external overlays and the
program changes to another external overlay or internal memory,
an incorrect loop operation could occur. In addition, care must
be taken in interrupt service routines as the overlay registers are
not automatically saved and restored on the processor mode stack.
When Mode B = 1, booting is disabled and overlay memory is
disabled (PMOVLAY must be 0). Figure 5 shows the memory
map in this configuration.
Figure 5.Program Memory (Mode B = 1)
Data MemoryThe ADSP-2186L has 8160 16-bit words of internal data memory.
In addition, the ADSP-2186L allows the use of 8K external
memory overlays. Figure 6 shows the organization of the
data memory.
There are 8160 words of memory accessible internally when the
DMOVLAY register is set to 0. When DMOVLAY is set to
something other than 0, external accesses occur at addresses
0x0000 through 0x1FFF. The external address is generated as
shown in Table III.
Table III.DMOVLAY AddressingThis organization allows for two external 8K overlays using only
the normal 14 address bits. All internal accesses complete in one
cycle. Accesses to external memory are timed using the wait
states specified by the DWAIT register.
I/O Space (Full Memory Mode)The ADSP-2186L supports an additional external memory
space called I/O space. This space is designed to support simple
connections to peripherals or to bus interface ASIC data regis-
ters. I/O space supports 2048 locations. The lower eleven bits
of the external address bus are used; the upper three bits are
undefined. Two instructions were added to the core ADSP-
2100 Family instruction set to read from and write to I/O
memory space. The I/O space also has four dedicated three-bit
wait state registers, IOWAIT0-3, that specify up to seven wait
states to be automatically generated for each of four regions.
The wait states act on address ranges as shown in Table IV.
Table IV.
Composite Memory Select (CMS)The ADSP-2186L has a programmable memory select signal
that is useful for generating memory select signals for memories
mapped to more than one space. The CMS signal is generated
to have the same timing as each of the individual memory select
signals (PMS, DMS, BMS, IOMS), but can combine their
functionality.
Each bit in the CMSSEL register, when set, causes the CMS
signal to be asserted when the selected memory select is asserted.
For example, to use a 32K word memory to act as both program
and data memory, set the PMS and DMS bits in the CMSSEL
register and use the CMS pin to drive the chip select of the
memory and use either DMS or PMS as the additional address bit.
The CMS pin functions as the other memory select signal, with
the same timing and bus request logic. A 1 in the enable bit
Boot Memory Select (BMS) DisableThe ADSP-2186L also lets you boot the processor from one
external memory space while using a different external memory
space for BDMA transfers during normal operation. You can
use the CMS to select the first external memory space for BDMA
transfers and BMS to select the second external memory space
for booting. The BMS signal can be disabled by setting Bit 3 of
the System Control Register to 1. The System Control Register
is illustrated in Figure 7.
SPORT0 ENABLE
1 = ENABLED
0 = DISABLED
DM(0x3FFF)
SYSTEM CONTROL REGISTER
SPORT1 CONFIGURE
1 = SERIAL PORT
0 = FI, FO, IRQ0, IRQ1, SCLK14131211109876543210Figure 7.System Control Register
Byte MemoryThe byte memory space is a bidirectional, 8-bit-wide, external
memory space used to store programs and data. Byte memory is
accessed using the BDMA feature. The BDMA Control Register is
shown in Figure 8. The byte memory space consists of 256 pages,
each of which is 16K × 8.
Figure 8.BDMA Control Register
The byte memory space on the ADSP-2186L supports read and
write operations as well as four different data formats. The byte
memory uses data bits 15:8 for data. The byte memory uses
data bits 23:16 and address bits 13:0 to create a 22-bit address.
This allows up to a 4 meg × 8 (32 megabit) ROM or RAM to be
used without glue logic. All byte memory accesses are timed by
the BMWAIT register.
Byte Memory DMA (BDMA, Full Memory Mode)The byte memory DMA controller allows loading and storing of
program instructions and data using the byte memory space.
The BDMA circuit is able to access the byte memory space
while the processor is operating normally and steals only one
DSP cycle per 8-, 16- or 24-bit word transferred.
The BDMA circuit supports four different data formats, that are
selected by the BTYPE register field. The appropriate number
of 8-bit accesses is determined from the byte memory space to
build the word size selected. Table V shows the data formats sup-
ADSP-2186L
Table V.BDMA Data FormatsUnused bits in the 8-bit data memory formats are filled with 0s.
The BIAD register field is used to specify the starting address for
the on-chip memory involved with the transfer. The 14-bit BEAD
register specifies the starting address for the external byte memory
space. The 8-bit BMPAGE register specifies the starting page for
the external byte memory space. The BDIR register field selects
the direction of the transfer. Finally the 14-bit BWCOUNT
register specifies the number of DSP words to transfer and
initiates the BDMA circuit transfers.
BDMA accesses can cross page boundaries during sequential
addressing. A BDMA interrupt is generated on the completion
of the number of transfers specified by the BWCOUNT register.
The BWCOUNT register is updated after each transfer so it can
be used to check the status of the transfers. When it reaches
zero, the transfers have finished and a BDMA interrupt is gener-
ated. The BMPAGE and BEAD registers must not be accessed
by the DSP during BDMA operations.
The source or destination of a BDMA transfer will always be
on-chip program or data memory, regardless of the values of
Mode B, PMOVLAY or DMOVLAY.
When the BWCOUNT register is written with a nonzero value,
the BDMA circuit starts executing byte memory accesses with
wait states set by BMWAIT. These accesses continue until the
count reaches zero. When enough accesses have occurred to
create a destination word, it is transferred to or from on-chip
memory. The transfer takes one DSP cycle. DSP accesses to
external memory have priority over BDMA byte memory accesses.
The BDMA Context Reset bit (BCR) controls whether the
processor is held off while the BDMA accesses are occurring.
Setting the BCR bit to 0 allows the processor to continue opera-
tions. Setting the BCR bit to 1 causes the processor to stop
execution while the BDMA accesses are occurring, to clear the
context of the processor and start execution at address 0 when
the BDMA accesses have completed.
Internal Memory DMA Port (IDMA Port; Host Memory Mode)The IDMA Port provides an efficient means of communication
between a host system and the ADSP-2186L. The port is used
to access the on-chip program memory and data memory of the
DSP with only one DSP cycle per word overhead. The IDMA
port cannot, however, be used to write directly to the DSP’s
memory-mapped control registers.
The IDMA port has a 16-bit multiplexed address and data bus
and supports 24-bit program memory. The IDMA port is com-
pletely asynchronous and can be written to while the ADSP-
2186L is operating at full speed.
The DSP memory address is latched and then automatically incre-
mented after each IDMA transaction. An external device can
therefore access a block of sequentially addressed memory by
specifying only the starting address of the block. This increases
throughput as the address does not have to be sent for each
memory access.
IDMA Port access occurs in two phases. The first is the IDMA
Address Latch cycle. When the acknowledge is asserted, a 14-bit
address and 1-bit destination type can be driven onto the bus by
an external device. The address specifies an on-chip memory
location, the destination type specifies whether it is a DM or
PM access. The falling edge of the address latch signal latches
this value into the IDMAA register.
Once the address is stored, data can then either be read from or
written to the ADSP-2186L’s on-chip memory. Asserting the
select line (IS) and the appropriate read or write line (IRD and
IWR respectively) signals the ADSP-2186L that a particular
transaction is required. In either case, there is a one-processor-
cycle delay for synchronization. The memory access consumes
one additional processor cycle.
Once an access has occurred, the latched address is automati-
cally incremented and another access can occur.
Through the IDMAA register, the DSP can also specify the
starting address and data format for DMA operation.
Bootstrap Loading (Booting)The ADSP-2186L has two mechanisms to allow automatic
loading of the internal program memory after reset. The method
for booting is controlled by the Mode A, B and C configuration
bits as shown in Table VI. These four states can be compressed
into two-state bits by allowing an IDMA boot with Mode C = 1.
However, three bits are used to ensure future compatibility with
parts containing internal program memory ROM.
BDMA BootingWhen the MODE pins specify BDMA booting, the ADSP-2186L
initiates a BDMA boot sequence when RESET is released.
The BDMA interface is set up during reset to the following
defaults when BDMA booting is specified: the BDIR, BMPAGE,
BIAD and BEAD registers are set to 0; the BTYPE register is
set to 0 to specify program memory 24-bit words; and the
BWCOUNT register is set to 32. This causes 32 words of on-chip
program memory to be loaded from byte memory. These 32
words are used to set up the BDMA to load in the remaining
program code. The BCR bit is also set to 1, which causes program
execution to be held off until all 32 words are loaded into on-chip
program memory. Execution then begins at address 0.
The ADSP-2100 Family development software (Revision 5.02
and later) fully supports the BDMA booting feature and can
generate byte memory space compatible boot code.
The IDLE instruction can also be used to allow the processor to
hold off execution while booting continues through the BDMA
interface. For BDMA accesses while in Host Mode, the addresses
to boot memory must be constructed externally to the ADSP-
2186L. The only memory address bit provided by the processor
is A0.
Table VI.Boot Summary Table
IDMA BootingThe ADSP-2186L can also boot programs through its Internal
DMA port. If Mode C = 1, Mode B = 0, and Mode A = 1, the
ADSP-2186L boots from the IDMA port. The IDMA feature
can load as much on-chip memory as desired. Program execu-
tion is held off until on-chip program memory location 0 is
written to.
Bus Request and Bus GrantThe ADSP-2186L can relinquish control of the data and address
buses to an external device. When the external device requires
access to memory, it asserts the bus request (BR) signal. If the
ADSP-2186L is not performing an external memory access, it
responds to the active BR input in the following processor cycle by:Three-stating the data and address buses and the PMS, DMS,
BMS, CMS, IOMS, RD, WR output drivers,Asserting the bus grant (BG) signal, andHalting program execution.
If Go Mode is enabled, the ADSP-2186L will not halt program
execution until it encounters an instruction that requires an
external memory access.
If the ADSP-2186L is performing an external memory access
when the external device asserts the BR signal, it will not three-
state the memory interfaces or assert the BG signal until the
processor cycle after the access completes. The instruction does
not need to be completed when the bus is granted. If a single
instruction requires two external memory accesses, the bus will
be granted between the two accesses.
When the BR signal is released, the processor releases the BG
signal, reenables the output drivers and continues program
execution from the point at which it stopped.
The bus request feature operates at all times, including when
the processor is booting and when RESET is active.
The BGH pin is asserted when the ADSP-2186L is ready to
execute an instruction but is stopped because the external bus is
already granted to another device. The other device can release
the bus by deasserting bus request. Once the bus is released, the
ADSP-2186L deasserts BG and BGH and executes the external
memory access.
Flag I/O PinsThe ADSP-2186L has eight general purpose programmable input/
output flag pins. They are controlled by two memory mapped
registers. The PFTYPE register determines the direction,
1 = output and 0 = input. The PFDATA register is used to read
and write the values on the pins. Data being read from a pin
configured as an input is synchronized to the ADSP-2186L’s
clock. Bits that are programmed as outputs will read the value
being output. The PF pins default to input during reset.
In addition to the programmable flags, the ADSP-2186L has
five fixed-mode flags, FI, FO, FL0, FL1, and FL2. FL0-FL2
are dedicated output flags. FI and FO are available as an
alternate configuration of SPORT1.
Note:Pins PF0, PF1 and PF2 are also used for device configu-
ration during reset.
BIASED ROUNDINGA mode is available on the ADSP-2186 or ADSP-2186L to allow
biased rounding in addition to the normal unbiased rounding.
When the BIASRND bit is set to 0, the normal unbiased round-
ing operations occur. When the BIASRND bit is set to 1, biased
rounding occurs instead of the normal unbiased rounding. When
operating in biased rounding mode all rounding operations with
MR0 set to 0x8000 will round up, rather than only rounding up
odd MR1 values.
For example:
Table VII.Biased Rounding Example
ADSP-2186LThis mode only has an effect when the MR0 register contains
0x8000; all other rounding operations work normally. This
mode allows more efficient implementation of bit-specified
algorithms that use biased rounding, for example the GSM
speech compression routines. Unbiased rounding is preferred
for most algorithms.
Note: BIASRND bit is Bit 12 of the SPORT0 Autobuffer
Control register.
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONThe ADSP-2186L assembly language instruction set has an
algebraic syntax that was designed for ease of coding and
readability. The assembly language, which takes full advantage
of the processor’s unique architecture, offers the following benefits:The algebraic syntax eliminates the need to remember cryptic
assembler mnemonics. For example, a typical arithmetic add
instruction, such as AR = AX0 + AY0, resembles a simple
equation.Every instruction assembles into a single, 24-bit word that
can execute in a single instruction cycle.The syntax is a superset ADSP-2100 Family assembly lan-
guage and is completely source and object code compatible
with other family members. Programs may need to be relo-
cated to utilize on-chip memory and conform to the ADSP-
2186L’s interrupt vector and reset vector map.Sixteen condition codes are available. For conditional jump,
call, return or arithmetic instructions, the condition can
be checked and the operation executed in the same instruc-
tion cycle.Multifunction instructions allow parallel execution of an
arithmetic instruction with up to two fetches or one write to
processor memory space during a single instruction cycle.
DESIGNING AN EZ-ICE-COMPATIBLE SYSTEMThe ADSP-2186L has on-chip emulation support and an
ICE-Port, a special set of pins that interface to the EZ-ICE. These
features allow in-circuit emulation without replacing the target
system processor by using only a 14-pin connection from the
target system to the EZ-ICE. Target systems must have a 14-pin
connector to accept the EZ-ICE’s in-circuit probe, a 14-pin plug.
Issuing the chip reset command during emulation causes the
DSP to perform a full chip reset, including a reset of its memory
mode. Therefore, it is vital that the mode pins are set correctly
PRIOR to issuing a chip reset command from the emulator user
interface.
If using a passive method of maintaining mode information (as
discussed in Setting Memory Modes), it does not matter that
the mode information is latched by an emulator reset. However,
if using the RESET pin as a method of setting the value of the
mode pins, the effects of an emulator reset must be taken into
consideration.
One method of ensuring that the values located on the mode
pins are the desired values is to construct a circuit like the one
shown in Figure 9. This circuit forces the value located on the
Mode A pin to logic low, regardless if it latched via the RESET
or ERESET pin.
Figure 9.Boot Mode Circuit
See the ADSP-2100 Family EZ-Tools data sheet for complete
information on ICE products.
The ICE-Port interface consists of the following ADSP-2186L
pins:
EBREBGERESET
EMSEINTECLK
ELINELOUTEE
These ADSP-2186L pins are usually connected only to the
EZ-ICE connector in the target system. These pins have no
function except during emulation, and do not require pull-up
or pull-down resistors. The traces for these signals between
the ADSP-2186L and the connector must be kept as short as
possible, no longer than three inches.
The following pins are also used by the EZ-ICE:BG
RESETGND
The EZ-ICE uses the EE (emulator enable) signal to take con-
trol of the ADSP-2186L in the target system. This causes the
processor to use its ERESET, EBR and EBG pins instead of
the RESET, BR and BG pins. The BG output is three-stated.
These signals do not need to be jumper-isolated in your system.
The EZ-ICE connects to your target system via a ribbon cable
and a 14-pin female plug. The female plug is plugged onto the
14-pin connector (a pin strip header) on the target board.
Target Board Connector for EZ-ICE ProbeThe EZ-ICE connector (a standard pin strip header) is shown in
Figure 10. You must add this connector to your target board
design if you intend to use the EZ-ICE. Be sure to allow
enough room in your system to fit the EZ-ICE probe onto the
14-pin connector.
The 14-pin, 2-row pin strip header is keyed at the Pin 7 loca-
tion—you must remove Pin 7 from the header. The pins must
be 0.025 inch square and at least 0.20 inch in length. Pin spac-
ing should be 0.1 × 0.1 inches. The pin strip header must have
at least 0.15-inch clearance on all sides to accept the EZ-ICE
probe plug. Pin strip headers are available from vendors such as
3M, McKenzie and Samtec.
Target Memory InterfaceFor your target system to be compatible with the EZ-ICE emu-
lator, it must comply with the memory interface guidelines listed
below.
PM, DM, BM, IOM, and CMDesign Program Memory (PM), Data Memory (DM), Byte
Memory (BM), I/O Memory (IOM) and Composite Memory
(CM) external interfaces to comply with worst case device tim-
ing requirements and switching characteristics as specified in
this DSP’s data sheet. The performance of the EZ-ICE may
approach published worst case specification for some memory
access timing requirements and switching characteristics.
Note: If your target does not meet the worst case chip specifica-
tions for memory access parameters, you may not be able to
emulate your circuitry at the desired CLKIN frequency. Depend-
ing on the severity of the specification violation, you may have
trouble manufacturing your system as DSP components statisti-
cally vary in switching characteristics and timing requirements
within published limits.
Restriction:All memory strobe signals on the ADSP-2186L
(RD, WR, PMS, DMS, BMS, CMS and IOMS) used in your
target system must have 10 kΩ pull-up resistors connected when
the EZ-ICE is being used. The pull-up resistors are necessary
because there are no internal pull-ups to guarantee their state
during prolonged three-state conditions resulting from typical
EZ-ICE debugging sessions. These resistors may be removed at
your option when the EZ-ICE is not being used.
Target System Interface SignalsWhen the EZ-ICE board is installed, the performance of some
system signals change. Design your system to be compatible
with the following system interface signal changes introduced by
the EZ-ICE board:EZ-ICE emulation introduces an 8 ns propagation delay
between your target circuitry and the DSP on the RESET signal.EZ-ICE emulation introduces an 8 ns propagation delay
between your target circuitry and the DSP on the BR signal.EZ-ICE emulation ignores RESET and BR when single-
stepping.EZ-ICE emulation ignores RESET and BR when in Emulator
Space (DSP halted).EZ-ICE emulation ignores the state of target BR in certain
modes. As a result, the target system may take control of the
DSP’s external memory bus only if bus grant (BG) is asserted
by the EZ-ICE board’s DSP.
ADSP-2186L–SPECIFICATIONS
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSNOTES
1Bidirectional pins: D0–D23, RFS0, RFS1, SCLK0, SCLK1, TFS0, TFS1, A1–A13, PF0–PF7.
2Input only pins: RESET, BR, DR0, DR1, PWD.
3Input only pins: CLKIN, RESET, BR, DR0, DR1, PWD.
4Output pins: BG, PMS, DMS, BMS, IOMS, CMS, RD, WR, PWDACK, A0, DT0, DT1, CLKOUT, FL2–0, BGH.
5Although specified for TTL outputs, all ADSP-2186L outputs are CMOS-compatible and will drive to VDD and GND, assuming no dc loads.
6Guaranteed but not tested.
7Three-statable pins: A0–A13, D0–D23, PMS, DMS, BMS, IOMS, CMS, RD, WR, DT0, DT1, SCLK0, SCLK1, TFS0, TFS1, RFS0, RFS1, PF0–PF7.
80 V on BR, CLKIN Inactive.
9Idle refers to ADSP-2186L state of operation during execution of IDLE instruction. Deasserted pins are driven to either VDD or GND.
10IDD measurement taken with all instructions executing from internal memory. 50% of the instructions are multifunction (types 1, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14), 30% are type 2
and type 6, and 20% are idle instructions.
11VIN = 0 V and 3 V. For typical figures for supply currents, refer to Power Dissipation section.
12Output pin capacitance is the capacitive load for any three-stated output pin.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
ESD SENSITIVITYESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the ADSP-2186L features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on
devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are
recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +4.6 V
Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDD + 0.5 V
Output Voltage Swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDD + 0.5 V
Operating Temperature Range (Ambient) . . –40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (5 sec) LQFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280°C
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma-
nent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only; functional operation of
the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational
sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
TIMING PARAMETERS
GENERAL NOTESUse the exact timing information given. Do not attempt to
derive parameters from the addition or subtraction of others.
While addition or subtraction would yield meaningful results for
an individual device, the values given in this data sheet reflect
statistical variations and worst cases. Consequently, you cannot
meaningfully add up parameters to derive longer times.
TIMING NOTESSwitching characteristics specify how the processor changes its
signals. You have no control over this timing—circuitry external
to the processor must be designed for compatibility with these
signal characteristics. Switching characteristics tell you what the
processor will do in a given circumstance. You can also use
switching characteristics to ensure that any timing requirement
of a device connected to the processor (such as memory) is
satisfied.
Timing requirements apply to signals that are controlled by
circuitry external to the processor, such as the data input for a
read operation. Timing requirements must be met to guarantee
that the processor operates correctly with other devices.
MEMORY TIMING SPECIFICATIONSThe table below shows common memory device specifications
and the corresponding ADSP-2186L timing parameters, for
your convenience.
xMS = PMS, DMS, BMS, CMS, IOMS.
FREQUENCY DEPENDENCY FOR TIMING
SPECIFICATIONStCK is defined as 0.5 tCKI. The ADSP-2186L uses an input clock
with a frequency equal to half the instruction rate. For example,
a 20 MHz input clock (which is equivalent to 50 ns) yields a
25 ns processor cycle (equivalent to 40 MHz). tCK values within
the range of 0.5 tCKI period should be substituted for all relevant
timing parameters to obtain the specification value.
Example: tCKH = 0.5 tCK – 7 ns = 0.5 (25 ns) – 7 ns = 5.5 ns
ADSP-2186L
TIMING PARAMETERSNOTEApplies after power-up sequence is complete. Internal phase lock loop requires no more than 2000 CLKIN cycles assuming stable CLKIN (not including crystal
oscillator start-up time).
Figure 11.Clock Signals
TIMING PARAMETERSNOTESIf IRQx and FI inputs meet tIFS and tIFH setup/hold requirements, they will be recognized during the current clock cycle; otherwise the signals will be recognized on
the following cycle. (Refer to “Interrupt Controller Operation” in the Program Control chapter of the ADSP-218x DSP Hardware Reference, for further information
on interrupt servicing.)Edge-sensitive interrupts require pulsewidths greater than 10 ns; level-sensitive interrupts must be held low until serviced.IRQx = IRQ0, IRQ1, IRQ2, IRQL0, IRQL1, IRQE.PFx = PF0, PF1, PF2, PF3, PF4, PF5, PF6, PF7.Flag outputs = PFx, FL0, FL1, FL2, FO.
Figure 12.Interrupts and Flags
ADSP-2186LtBS
Switching Characteristics:
tSD
tSE
tSEC
NOTES
xMS = PMS, DMS, CMS, IOMS, BMS.BR is an asynchronous signal. If BR meets the setup/hold requirements, it will be recognized during the current clock cycle; otherwise the signal will be recognized on
the following cycle. Refer to the ADSP-218x DSP Hardware Reference, for BR/BG cycle relationships.BGH is asserted when the bus is granted and the processor requires control of the bus to continue.
Figure 13.Bus Request–Bus Grant
