ADM660AR ,CMOS Switched-Capacitor Voltage ConvertersSPECIFICATIONSnoted)Parameter Min Typ Max Units Test Conditions/CommentsInput Voltage, V+ R = 1 kΩL ..
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ADM660ARU ,CMOS Switched-Capacitor Voltage ConvertersAPPLICATIONSVoltage Inverter Configuration (ADM660)Handheld InstrumentsPortable Computers+1.5V TO + ..
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ADM660AN-ADM660AR-ADM660ARU-ADM8660AN-ADM8660AR
CMOS Switched-Capacitor Voltage Converters
The ADM660 is a pin compatible upgrade for the MAX660,
MAX665, ICL7660 and LTC1046.
The ADM660/ADM8660 is available in 8-pin DIP and narrow-
body SOIC. The ADM660 is also available in a 16-lead TSSOP
package.
ADM660/ADM8660 OptionsREV.A
CMOS Switched-Capacitor
Voltage Converters
FEATURES
ADM660: Inverts or Doubles Input Supply Voltage
ADM8660: Inverts Input Supply Voltage
100 mA Output Current
Shutdown Function (ADM8660)
2.2 mF or 10 mF Capacitors
0.3 V Drop at 30 mA Load
+1.5 V to +7 V Supply
Low Power CMOS: 600 mA Quiescent Current
Selectable Charge Pump Frequency (25 kHz/120 kHz)
Pin Compatible Upgrade for MAX660, MAX665, ICL7660
Available in 16-Lead TSSOP Package
APPLICATIONS
Handheld Instruments
Portable Computers
Remote Data Acquisition
Op Amp Power Supplies
TYPICAL CIRCUIT CONFIGURATIONS
INVERTED
NEGATIVE
OUTPUT
+1.5V TO +7V
INPUT
10µFVoltage Inverter Configuration (ADM660)
INVERTED
NEGATIVE
OUTPUT
+1.5V TO +7V
INPUT
10µFSHUTDOWN
CONTROLVoltage Inverter Configuration with Shutdown (ADM8660)
GENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADM660/ADM8660 is a charge-pump voltage converter
that can be used to either invert the input supply voltage giving
VOUT = –VIN or double it (ADM660 only) giving VOUT = 2 × VIN.
Input voltages ranging from +1.5 V to +7 V can be inverted into
a negative –1.5 V to –7 V output supply. This inverting scheme
is ideal for generating a negative rail in single power supply
systems. Only two small external capacitors are needed for the
charge pump. Output currents up to 50 mA with greater than
90% efficiency are achievable, while 100 mA achieves greater
than 80% efficiency.
A Frequency Control (FC) input pin is used to select either
25 kHz or 120 kHz charge-pump operation. This is used to
optimize capacitor size and quiescent current. With 25 kHz
selected, a 10 μF external capacitor is suitable, while with
120kHz the capacitor may be reduced to 2.2 μF. The oscillator
frequency on the ADM660 can also be controlled with an exter-
nal capacitor connected to the OSC input or by driving this in-
put with an external clock. In applications where a higher supply
voltage is desired it is possible to use the ADM660 to double
the input voltage. With input voltages from 2.5 V to 7 V, output
voltages from 5 V to 14 V are achievable with up to 100 mA
output current.
The ADM8660 features a low power shutdown (SD) pin in-
stead of the external oscillator (OSC) pin. This can be used to
disable the device and reduce the quiescent current to 300nA.
Lead Temperature Range (Soldering10sec) . . . . . . . . +300°C
Vapor Phase (60 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +215°C
Infrared (15 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +220°C
ESD Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >2000 V
*This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other
conditions above those indicated in the operation section of this specification is not
implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods
may affect device reliability.
ORDERING GUIDE*N = Plastic DIP; RU = Thin Shrink Small Outline; SO = Small Outline.
ADM660/ADM8660–SPECIFICATIONSSupply Current
Output Current
Charge-Pump Frequency
OSC Input Current
NOTESC1 and C2 are low ESR (<0.2 Ω) electrolytic capacitors. High ESR will degrade performance.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*(TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted)
InputVoltage (V+ to GND, GND to OUT) . . . . . . . . +7.5 V
LV Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . (OUT – 0.3 V) to (V+, +0.3 V)
FC and OSC Input Voltage
. . . . . . . . . . . (OUT – 0.3 V) or (V+, –6 V) to (V+, +0.3 V)
OUT, V+ Output Current (Continuous) . . . . . . . . . . . 120 mA
Output Short Circuit Duration to GND . . . . . . . . . . . 10 secs
Power Dissipation, N-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625 mW
(Derate 8.3 mW/°C above +50°C)
θJA, Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120°C/W
Power Dissipation R-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 mW
(Derate 6 mW/°C above +50°C)
θJA, Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170°C/W
Power Dissipation RU-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 mW
(Derate 6 mW/°C above +50°C)
θJA, Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158°C/W
Operating Temperature Range
Industrial (A Version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
(V+ = +5 V, C1, C2 = 10 mF,1 TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise
noted)
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Inverter Configuration
Doubler Configuration (ADM660 Only)
PIN CONNECTIONS
8-Lead
OUT
OSC
CAP+
GND
CAP–
OUT
CAP+
GND
CAP–
16-Lead
NC = NO CONNECT
OSC
CAP+
OUTGND
CAP–NC
SUPPLY VOLTAGE – Volts1.57.5
SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
0.5Figure 1.Power Supply Current vs. Voltage
LOAD CURRENT – mA
OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts406080
EFFICIENCY – %Figure 2.Output Voltage and Efficiency vs. Load Current
LOAD CURRENT – mA
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROP
FROM SUPPLY VOLTAGE – Volts6080Figure 3.Output Voltage Drop vs. Load Current
ADM660/ADM8660–Typical Performance Characteristics
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – Hz
1001k1M10k100k
POWER EFFICIENCY – %Figure 4.Efficiency vs. Charge-Pump Frequency
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHz
SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
2.5Figure 5.Power Supply Current vs. Charge-Pump
Frequency
LOAD CURRENT – mA
EFFICIENCY – %
100010020406080Figure 6.Power Efficiency vs. Load Current
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHz
OUTPUT VOLTAGE – VoltsFigure 7.Output Voltage vs. Charge-Pump Frequency
SUPPLY VOLTAGE – Volts
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE – 251.56.52.53.54.55.5Figure 8.Output Source Resistance vs. Supply Voltage
SUPPLY VOLTAGE – Volts1.53.55.5
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHz
2.54.56.5Figure 9.Charge-Pump Frequency vs. Supply Voltage
TEMPERATURE – °C
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHz–40–2020406080Figure 10.Charge-Pump Frequency vs. Temperature
CAPACITANCE – pF
0.111k10100
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHzFigure 11.Charge-Pump Frequency vs. External
Capacitance
SUPPLY VOLTAGE – Volts
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHz4.555.566.5
100Figure 12.Charge-Pump Frequency vs. Supply Voltage
ADM660/ADM8660
TEMPERATURE – °C
CHARGE-PUMP FREQUENCY – kHz
100Figure 13.Charge-Pump Frequency vs. Temperature
TEMPERATURE – °C
OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE – –40100–20020406080Figure 14.Output Resistance vs. Temperature
GENERAL INFORMATIONThe ADM660/ADM8660 is a switched capacitor voltage con-
verter that can be used to invert the input supply voltage. The
ADM660 can also be used in a voltage doubling mode. The
voltage conversion task is achieved using a switched capacitor
technique using two external charge storage capacitors. An on-
board oscillator and switching network transfers charge between
the charge storage capacitors. The basic principle behind the
voltage conversion scheme is illustrated in Figures 15 and 16.
Figure 15.Voltage Inversion Principle
Figure 16.Voltage Doubling Principle
Figure 15 shows the voltage inverting configuration, while Figure
16 shows the configuration for voltage doubling. An oscillator
generating antiphase signals φ1 and φ2 controls switches S1, S2
and S3, S4. During φ1, switches S1 and S2 are closed charging
C1 up to the voltage at V+. During φ2, S1 and S2 open and S3
and S4 close. With the voltage inverter configuration during φ2,
the positive terminal of C1 is connected to GND via S3 and the
negative terminal of C1 connects to VOUT via S4. The net result
is voltage inversion at VOUT wrt GND. Charge on C1 is trans-
ferred to C2 during φ2. Capacitor C2 maintains this voltage
during φ1. The charge transfer efficiency depends on the on-
resistance of the switches, the frequency at which they are being
switched and also on the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of
the external capacitors. The reason for this is explained in the
Switched Capacitor Theory of OperationAs already described, the charge pump on the ADM660/
ADM8660 uses a switched capacitor technique in order to
invert or double the input supply voltage. Basic switched
capacitor theory is discussed below.
A switched capacitor building block is illustrated in Figure 17.
With the switch in position A, capacitor C1 will charge to volt-
age V1. The total charge stored on C1 is q1 = C1V1. The
switch is then flipped to position B discharging C1 to voltage
V2. The charge remaining on C1 is q2 = C1V2. The charge
transferred to the output V2 is, therefore, the difference be-
tween q1 and q2, so Δq = q1–q2 = C1 (V1–V2).
Figure 17.Switched Capacitor Building Block
As the switch is toggled between A and B at a frequency f, the
charge transfer per unit time or current is I=f(Δq)=f(C1)(V1±V2)
Therefore I=(V1±V2)/(1/fC1)=(V1±V2)/(REQ)
where REQ = 1/fC1
The switched capacitor may, therefore, be replaced by an
equivalent resistance whose value is dependent on both the
capacitor size and the switching frequency. This explains why
lower capacitor values may be used with higher switching fre-
quencies. It should be remembered that as the switching fre-
quency is increased the power consumption will increase due to
some charge being lost at each switching cycle. As a result, at high
frequencies the power efficiency starts decreasing. Other losses
include the resistance of the internal switches and the equivalent
series resistance (ESR) of the charge storage capacitors.