Low Voltage 16-Bit D-Type Flip-Flop with Bushold and 26-Ohm Series Resistors in Outputs# 74ALVCH162374 3.3V 16-Bit Edge-Triggered D-Type Flip-Flop Technical Documentation
*Manufacturer: Texas Instruments (TI)*
## 1. Application Scenarios
### Typical Use Cases
The 74ALVCH162374 is a 16-bit edge-triggered D-type flip-flop with 3-state outputs, primarily employed in digital systems requiring temporary data storage and bus interfacing:
Data Buffering and Storage
- Intermediate data storage between asynchronous systems
- Pipeline registers in microprocessor interfaces
- Temporary holding registers for data processing units
- Clock domain crossing synchronization buffers
Bus Interface Applications
- Bidirectional bus drivers with output enable control
- Data bus isolation between subsystems
- Bus hold circuitry maintains last valid state during high-impedance conditions
System Control Functions
- Address latching for memory systems
- Control signal synchronization
- State machine implementation support
### Industry Applications
Computing Systems
- Motherboard and chipset interfaces
- Memory controller hubs (DDR SDRAM controllers)
- PCI/PCIe bus interface cards
- Server backplane data routing
Communications Equipment
- Network switch and router data paths
- Telecom infrastructure equipment
- Wireless base station processing units
- Data packet buffering systems
Consumer Electronics
- High-definition video processing
- Gaming console memory interfaces
- Set-top box data processing
- Digital television signal routing
Industrial Automation
- PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) I/O modules
- Motor control systems
- Sensor data acquisition interfaces
- Industrial network gateways
### Practical Advantages and Limitations
Advantages
- Wide Voltage Operation : 1.65V to 3.6V operation with 3.3V optimization
- High-Speed Performance : Typical propagation delay of 2.5ns at 3.3V
- Bus-Hold Technology : Eliminates need for external pull-up/pull-down resistors
- Low Power Consumption : 20μA maximum ICC standby current
- Hot Insertion Capability : Power-off protection (IOFF) supports live insertion
- ESD Protection : >2000V HBM protection for robust operation
Limitations
- Limited Drive Strength : 12mA output drive may require buffers for high-capacitance loads
- Temperature Range : Commercial (0°C to 70°C) and industrial (-40°C to 85°C) options available
- Clock Frequency : Maximum 200MHz operation may not suit ultra-high-speed applications
- Package Constraints : 48-pin TSSOP and TVSOP packages require careful PCB design
## 2. Design Considerations
### Common Design Pitfalls and Solutions
Clock Distribution Issues
- *Problem*: Clock skew between flip-flops causing timing violations
- *Solution*: Use balanced clock tree with matched trace lengths
- *Implementation*: Route clock signals first with length matching ±100mil tolerance
Simultaneous Switching Noise
- *Problem*: Multiple outputs switching simultaneously causing ground bounce
- *Solution*: Implement adequate decoupling and proper PCB stackup
- *Implementation*: Place 0.1μF decoupling capacitors within 100mil of each VCC pin
Signal Integrity Challenges
- *Problem*: Ringing and overshoot on high-speed signals
- *Solution*: Implement series termination resistors
- *Implementation*: Use 22Ω to 33Ω series resistors near driver outputs
### Compatibility Issues with Other Components
Voltage Level Translation
- 3.3V to 5V Systems : Use caution when interfacing with 5V tolerant inputs
- Mixed Voltage Operation : Ensure VCC sequencing follows manufacturer guidelines
- Input Threshold Compatibility : Verify VIH/VIL levels match between
