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KA78L05AZ from FSC,Fairchild Semiconductor

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KA78L05AZ

Manufacturer: FSC, FAIRCHILD, FAI

3-Terminal 0.1A Positive Voltage Regulator

Partnumber Manufacturer Quantity Availability
KA78L05AZ FSC, FAIRCHILD, FAI 10086 In Stock

Description and Introduction

3-Terminal 0.1A Positive Voltage Regulator The KA78L05AZ is a linear voltage regulator manufactured by Fairchild Semiconductor (now part of ON Semiconductor). Below are its key specifications, descriptions, and features based on Ic-phoenix technical data files:  

### **Specifications:**  
- **Output Voltage:** 5V ±5%  
- **Output Current:** 100mA  
- **Input Voltage Range:** Up to 30V  
- **Dropout Voltage:** 1.7V (typical)  
- **Line Regulation:** 100mV (typical)  
- **Load Regulation:** 15mV (typical)  
- **Operating Temperature Range:** -40°C to +125°C  
- **Package:** TO-92 (3-pin)  

### **Descriptions:**  
- The KA78L05AZ is a fixed positive voltage regulator designed for low-power applications.  
- It provides stable 5V output with built-in current limiting and thermal shutdown protection.  
- Suitable for battery-powered devices, consumer electronics, and industrial applications.  

### **Features:**  
- **Low Power Consumption:** Optimized for 100mA output current.  
- **Thermal Overload Protection:** Prevents damage due to excessive heat.  
- **Short-Circuit Protection:** Safeguards against output shorts.  
- **No External Components Required:** Only input and output capacitors are needed for stability.  
- **Wide Input Voltage Range:** Supports up to 30V input.  

This information is strictly based on the manufacturer's datasheet. No additional suggestions or guidance are provided.

Application Scenarios & Design Considerations

3-Terminal 0.1A Positive Voltage Regulator# Technical Documentation: KA78L05AZ 3-Terminal 100 mA Positive Voltage Regulator

 Manufacturer : FAIRCHILD (Now part of ON Semiconductor)
 Document Revision : 1.0
 Date : October 26, 2023

---

## 1. Application Scenarios

### 1.1 Typical Use Cases
The KA78L05AZ is a fixed-output, positive linear voltage regulator designed to provide a stable +5V DC output from a higher unregulated DC input voltage. Its primary function is to deliver clean, regulated power to low-current digital and analog circuits.

 Primary Applications Include: 
*    Microcontroller & Logic Power:  Supplying core voltage to 5V microcontrollers (e.g., classic 8051, ATmega328P in 5V mode), logic ICs (74HC series), and memory chips in embedded systems.
*    Sensor & Op-Amp Biasing:  Providing a precise reference voltage for analog sensors, operational amplifiers, and Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) reference inputs, where noise and ripple from the main supply must be eliminated.
*    Auxiliary/Standby Power:  Powering low-power always-on circuits, such as Real-Time Clocks (RTCs), watchdog timers, or status LEDs, from a main battery or AC/DC adapter.
*    Signal Conditioning:  Isolating sensitive analog stages from digital noise by using a dedicated regulator for each section of a mixed-signal PCB.

### 1.2 Industry Applications
*    Consumer Electronics:  Used in set-top boxes, routers, small appliances, and audio equipment for peripheral circuit power.
*    Industrial Control:  Found in PLC I/O modules, sensor interfaces, and instrumentation panels where reliable, low-noise 5V rails are required for signal processing.
*    Automotive Aftermarket/Infotainment:  Powers low-current logic and display modules, though designers must ensure the input voltage transient profile meets the regulator's absolute maximum ratings.
*    Telecommunications:  Provides local regulation for status monitoring and control logic within larger power systems.

### 1.3 Practical Advantages and Limitations

 Advantages: 
*    Simplicity:  Requires only two external capacitors (input and output) for basic operation, simplifying design and reducing BOM cost.
*    Built-in Protections:  Includes internal short-circuit current limiting and thermal overload shutdown, enhancing system robustness.
*    Low Cost & High Availability:  A mature, industry-standard component with multiple second-source manufacturers.
*    Low Output Noise:  As a linear regulator, it provides a very clean output with minimal switching noise compared to switching regulators.

 Limitations: 
*    Low Efficiency:  Power dissipation (P_diss = (V_in - V_out) * I_load) can be significant with higher input voltages or load currents, leading to heat generation. Maximum output current is 100 mA.
*    Input Voltage Requirement:  Requires the input voltage to be consistently  ~2V higher than the output  (typically 7V to 20V for stable 5V output). It cannot regulate if the input falls below approximately 7V.
*    Heat Dissipation:  In a SOT-89 package, the maximum power dissipation is limited (approx. 500 mW). Without a heatsink, the usable load current decreases as the input-output voltage differential increases.

---

## 2. Design Considerations

### 2.1 Common Design Pitfalls and Solutions
*    Pitfall 1: Inadequate Input/Output Decoupling. 
    *    Symptom:  Oscillation, instability, or poor transient response.
    *    Solution:  Always use a 0.33 µF ceramic capacitor (C_IN) placed  as close as possible  to the regulator's input pin and ground. Use a 0.

Alternative Part Number

  • MC78L05ACPG --: Widely available 5V 100mA linear regulator in TO-92 with the same pinout and function, directly interchangeable in most designs.
  • L78L05ACZ --: Standard 5V 100mA positive voltage regulator in TO-92, pin-compatible and electrically equivalent to the KA78L05AZ.
  • UA78L05ACLP --: Classic 5V 100mA regulator in TO-92 package with matching pinout and specifications, suitable as a drop-in replacement.
  • LM78L05ACZ --: Industry-standard 5V 100mA regulator in TO-92, pin-compatible and well stocked, suitable as a direct substitute.

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