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TJA1054ATPHIN/a27avaiFault-tolerant CAN transceiver


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TJA1054AT
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver

Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
FEATURES
Optimized for in-car low-speed communication
Baud rate up to 125 kBaud Up to 32 nodes can be connected Supports unshielded bus wires Very low ElectroMagnetic Emission (EME) due to
built-in slope control function anda very good matching
of the CANL and CANH bus outputs Good ElectroMagnetic Immunity (EMI) in normal
operating mode and in low power modes Fully integrated receiver filters Transmit Data (TxD) dominant time-out function.
Bus failure management
Supports single-wire transmission modes with ground
offset voltages up to 1.5V Automatic switchingto single-wire modein the eventof
bus failures, even when the CANH bus wire is
short-circuited to VCC Automatic reset to differential mode if bus failure is
removed Full wake-up capability during failure modes.
Protections
Bus pins short-circuit safe to battery and to ground Thermally protected Bus lines protected against transientsinan automotive
environment An unpowered node does not disturb the bus lines.
Support for low power modes
Low current sleep and standby mode with wake-up via
the bus lines Power-on reset flag on the output.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The TJA1054A is the interface between the protocol
controller and the physical bus wires in a Controller Area
Network (CAN). It is primarily intended for low-speed
applications up to 125 kBaud in passenger cars. The
device provides differential receive and transmit capability
but will switchto single-wire transmitter and/or receiverin
error conditions.
The TJA1054A is the ESD improved version of the
TJA1054. Foran overviewof the differences between the
TJA1054 and the TJA1054A, please referto “Appendix A”.
The TJA1054ATis,as the TJA1054T, pin and downwards
compatible with the PCA82C252T and theTJA1053T.This
means that these two devices can be replaced by the
TJA1054AT or the TJA1054T with retention of all
functions.
The most important improvementsof the TJA1054 and the
TJA1054A with respect to the PCA82C252 and the
TJA1053 are: Very low EME duetoa very good matchingof the CANL
and CANH output signals Good EMI, especially in low power modes Full wake-up capability during bus failures Extended bus failure management including
short-circuit of the CANH bus line to VCC Support for easy system fault diagnosis Two-edge sensitive wake-up input signalvia pin WAKE.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
QUICK REFERENCE DATA
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
PINNING
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The TJA1054Ais the interface between the CAN protocol
controller and the physical wires of the CAN bus
(see Fig.7). It is primarily intended for low speed
applications, up to 125 kBaud, in passenger cars.
The device provides differential transmit capability to the
CAN bus and differential receive capability to the CAN
controller.
To reduce EME, the rise and fall slopes are limited. This
allows the use of an unshielded twisted pair or a parallel
pair of wires for the bus lines. Moreover, the device
supports transmissioncapabilityon either bus line ifoneof
the wires is corrupted. The failure detection logic
automatically selects a suitable transmission mode.
In normal operating mode (no wiring failures) the
differential receiver is output on pin RXD (see Fig.1).
The differential receiver inputs are connected to
pins CANH and CANL through integrated filters.
The filtered input signals are also usedfor the single-wire
receivers. The receivers connected to pins CANH
and CANL have threshold voltages that ensure a
maximum noise margin in single-wire mode.
A timer function (TxD dominant time-out function) has
been integratedto prevent the bus lines from being driven
intoa permanent dominant state (thus blocking the entire
network communication) due to a situation in which
pin TXDis permanently forcedtoa LOW level, causedby
a hardware and/or software application failure.
If the duration of the LOW level on pin TXD exceeds a
certain time, the transmitter willbe disabled. The timer will
be reset by a HIGH level on pin TXD.
Failure detector

The failure detector is fully active in the normal operating
mode. After the detection of a single bus failure the
detector switches to the appropriate mode (see Table1).
The differential receiver threshold voltageis setat −3.2V
typical (VCC=5 V). This ensures correct reception with a
noise margin as high as possible in the normal operating
mode and in the event of failures1,2,5 and 6a. These
failures, or recovery from them, do not destroy ongoing
transmissions. The output drivers remain active, the
termination does not change and the receiver remains in
differential mode (see Table1).
Failures 3, 3a and 6 are detected by comparators
connected to the CANH and CANL bus lines.
Failures3 and 3a are detected in a two-step approach. the CANH bus line exceeds a certain voltage level, the
differential comparator signals a continuous dominant
condition. Because of interoperability reasons with the
predecessor products PCA82C252 and TJA1053, after a
first time-out the transceiver switches to single wire
operation through CANH. If the CANH bus line is still
exceeding the CANH detection voltage for a second
time-out, the TJA1054A switches to CANL operation; the
CANH driveris switchedoff and the RTH bias changesto
the pull-down current source. The time-outs (delays) are
needed to avoid false triggering by external RF fields.
Table 1
Bus failures
Notes
A weak termination implies a pull-down current source behaviour of 75 μA typical. A weak termination implies a pull-up current source behaviour of 75 μA typical.
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
Failure 6 is detected if the CANL bus line exceeds its
comparator threshold for a certain period of time. This
delay is needed to avoid false triggering by external RF
fields. After detectionof failure6, the receptionis switched the single wire mode through CANH; the CANL driveris
switched off and the RTL bias changes to the pull-up
current source.
Recovery from failures 3,3a and 6 is detected
automatically after reading a consecutive recessive level
by the corresponding comparators for a certain period of
time.
Failures4 and 7 initially result in a permanent dominant
level on pin RXD. After a time-out the CANL driver is
switched off and the RTL bias changes to the pull-up
current source. Reception continues by switching to the
single-wire mode via pins CANH or CANL. When
failures4or 7 are removed, the recessive bus levels are
restored. If the differential voltage remains below the
recessive threshold level for a certain period of time,
reception and transmission switch back to the differential
mode.
If any of the wiring failure occurs, the output signal on
pin ERR willbe setto LOW. On error recovery, the output
signalon pin ERR willbe setto HIGH again.In caseofan
interrupted open bus wire, this failure willbe detected and
signalled only if there is an open wire between the
transmitting and receiving node(s). Thus, during open wire
failures, pin ERR typically toggles.
During all single-wire transmissions, EMC performance
(both immunity and emission) is worse than in the
differential mode. The integrated receiver filters suppress
any HF noise induced into the bus wires. The cut-off
frequency of these filters is a compromise between
propagation delay and HF suppression. In single-wire
mode,LF noise cannotbe distinguished from the required
signal.
Low power modes

The transceiver provides three low power modes which
can be entered and exited via pins STB and EN
(see Table 2 and Fig.3).
The Sleep mode is the mode with the lowest power
consumption. Pin INH is switched to high-impedance for
deactivationof the external voltage regulator. Pin CANLis
biased to the battery voltage via pin RTL. If the supply
voltage is provided, pins RXD and ERR will signal the
wake-up interrupt.
The Standby mode operatesin the same wayas the Sleep
mode but with a HIGH level on pin INH.
The Power-on standby mode is the same as the Standby
mode, however, in this mode the battery power-on flag is
shownon pin ERR insteadof the wake-up interrupt signal.
The output on pin RXD will show the wake-up interrupt.
This mode is only for reading out the power-on flag.
Table 2
Normal operating and low power modes
Notes
If the supply voltage VCC is present. Wake-up interrupts are released when entering normal operating mode. In case the goto-sleep command was used before. When VCC drops, pin EN will become LOW, but due to the
fail-safe functionality this does not effect the internal functions. VBAT power-on flag will be reset when entering normal operating mode.
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
Wake-up requests are recognized by the transceiver
through two possible channels: The bus lines for remote wake-up Pin WAKE for local wake-up.
In order to wake-up the transceiver remotely through the
bus lines, a filter mechanism is integrated. This
mechanism makes sure that noise and any present bus
failure conditionsdo not result intoan erroneous wake-up.
Becauseof this mechanismitis not sufficientto simply pull
the CANH or CANL bus lines to a dominant level for a
certain time. To guarantee a successful remote wake-up
under all conditions, a message frame with a dominant
phaseofat least the maximum specified tCANHor tCANLin
it is required. local wake-up through pin WAKEis detectedbya rising falling edge witha consecutive level with the maximum
specified tWAKE.a wake-up request the transceiver will set the outputon
pin INH toHIGH which canbe usedto activate the external
supply voltage regulator. VCCis provided the wake-up request canbe readon the
ERR or RXD outputs, so the external microcontroller can
activate the transceiver (switchto normal operating mode)
via pins STB and EN.
To prevent a false remote wake-up due to transients or fields, the wake-up voltage levels have to be
maintained for a certain period of time. In the low power
modes the failure detection circuit remains partly activeto
prevent an increased power consumption in the event of
failures3, 3a,4 and7.
To prevent a false local wake-up during an open wire at
pin WAKE, this pin has a weak pull-up current source
towards VBAT. Pin INH is set to floating only if the
goto-sleep command is entered successfully. To enter a
successful goto-sleep command underall conditions, this
command mustbe kept stablefor the maximum specified
th(sleep).
Pin INH will be set to a HIGH level again by the following
events only: VBAT power-on (cold start) Rising or falling edge on pin WAKEA message frame witha dominant phaseofat least the
maximum specified tCANH or tCANL, while pin EN or
pin STB is at a LOW level pin STB goes to a HIGH level with VCC active.
To provide fail-safe functionality, the signals on pins STB
and EN will internallybe setto LOW when VCCis belowa
certain threshold voltage (VCC(stb)).
Power-on

After power-on (VBAT switched on) the signal on pin INH
will become HIGH andan internal power-on flag willbe set.
This flag can be read in the power-on standby mode
through pin ERR (STB= 1; EN= 0) and will be reset by
entering the normal operating mode.
Protections

A current limiting circuit protects the transmitter output
stages against short-circuit to positive and negative
battery voltage.
If the junction temperature exceeds the typical value of
165 °C, the transmitter output stages are disabled.
Because the transmitteris responsiblefor the major partof
the power dissipation, this will result in a reduced power
dissipation and hence a lower chip temperature. All other
parts of the device will continue to operate.
The pins CANH and CANL areprotected against electrical
transients which may occurinan automotive environment.
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
LIMITING VALUES

In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134); note1.
Notes
All voltages are defined with respect to pin GND. Positive current flows into the device. Only relevant if VWAKE Rth(vj-a) is a fixed value to be used for the calculation of Tvj. The rating for Tvj limits the allowable combinations of
power dissipation (P) and operating ambient temperature (Tamb). Equivalent to discharging a 100 pF capacitor through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Equivalent to discharging a 200 pF capacitor through a 10 Ω resistor and a 0.75 μH coil.
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
QUALITY SPECIFICATION

Quality specification in accordance with “AEC-Q100”.
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A CHARACTERISTICS
VCC= 4.75to 5.25 V; VBAT=5to27 V; VSTB =VCC; Tvj= −40to +150 °C; all voltages are defined with respect to
ground; positive currents flow into the device; unless otherwise specified; notes1 and2.
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Fault-tolerant CAN transceiver TJA1054A
Notes
All parameters are guaranteed over the virtual junction temperature range by design, but only 100% tested at
Tamb= 125 °C for dies on wafer level, and above this for cased products 100% tested at Tamb =25 °C, unless
otherwise specified. For bare die, all parameters are only guaranteed if the back side of the die is connected to ground.
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS

VCC= 4.75to 5.25 V; VBAT=5to27 V; VSTB =VCC; Tvj= −40to +150 °C; all voltages are defined with respect to
ground; unless otherwise specified; notes1 and2
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