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TDA4862 . ,Power Control ICs Power-Factor Controller (PFC) TDA 4862IC for High Power Factorand Active Harmonic FilterAdvanced ..
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TDA4862-TDA4862 .-TDA4862G-TDA4862G ..-TDA4862G ...
Power Control ICs
=New typePower-Factor Controller (PFC)TDA4862
IC for High Power Factor
and Active Harmonic Filter
Advanced InformationBipolar IC


Features
IC for sinusoidal line-current consumption Power factor approaching 1Controls boost converter as an active
harmonics filterInternal start-up with low current consumptionZero current detector for discontinuous
operation modeHigh current totem pole gate driver
Trimmed±1.4% internal referenceUndervoltage lock-out with hysteresisVery low start-up current consumptionPin compatible to world standard Fast overvoltage regulatorCurrent sense input with internal low pass filter
TDA4862
Description

The TDA 4862 is excellent convenient for designing a preconverter in ballasts and
switched mode power supplies with sinusoidal line current consumption and a power
factor approaching unity.
The TDA 4862 controls a boost converter as an active harmonics filter in a discontinuous
mode (free oscillating triangular shaped current mode).
The TDA 4862 comprises an internal start-up timer, a high gain voltage amplifier, an one
quadrant multiplier for approaching unity power factor, a zero current detector, PWM and
logic circuitry, and totem pole MOSFET gate driver.
Protective features are: input undervoltage lockout with hysteresis, VCC zener clamp,
cycle-by-cycle current limiting, output voltage limiting for fast and slow load changes up
to open circuit, and a sinking gate driver current activated whenever undervoltage mode
occurs.
The output voltage of this preconverter is regulated with high accuracy. Therefore the
device can be used for world-wide line voltages without switches.
The TDA 4862 is the improved version of the TDA 4817 with a pinout equivalent to world
standard.
Figure1Pin Configuration (top view)
TDA4862
Pin Definitions and Functions
TDA4862
Functional Description
Introduction

Conventional electronic ballasts and switching power supplies are designed with a
bridge rectifier and bulk capacitor. Their disadvantage is that the circuit draws power
from the line when the instantaneous AC voltage exceeds the capacitor’s voltage. This
occurs near the line voltage peak and causes a high charge current spike with following
characteristics: the apparent power is higher than the real power that means low power
factor condition, the current spikes are non-sinusoidal with a high content of harmonics
causing line noise, the rectified voltage depends on load condition and requires a large
bulk capacitor, special efforts in noise suppression are necessary.
With the TDA 4862 preconverter a sinusoidal current is achieved which varies in direct
instantaneous proportion to the input voltage half sine wave and means a power factor
near 1. This is due to the appearance of almost any complex load like a resistive one at
the AC line. The harmonic distortions are reduced and comply with the IEC555 standard.
Operating Description

The TDA 4862 contains a wide bandwidth voltage amplifier used in a feedback loop, an
overvoltage regulator, an one quadrant multiplier with a wide linear operating range, a
current sense comparator, zero current detector, a PWM and logic circuitry, a totem-pole
MOSFET driver, an internal trimmed voltage reference, a restart timer and an
undervoltage lockout circuitry. These functional blocks are described below.
Voltage Amplifier

The voltage amplifier is internally compensated and yields a gain bandwidth of 0.8MHz
and a phase margin of 80 degrees. The non-inverting input is biased at 2.5 V and is not
pinned out. The inverting input is sensing the output voltage via a resitive devider. The
voltage amplifier output VAOUT and the inverting input VSENSE are connected in a simplest
way via an external capacitor. It forms an integrator which monitors the average output
voltage over several line cycles. Typically the bandwidth is set below 20 Hz. ln order to
keep the output voltage constant the voltage amplifier output is connected to the
multiplier input for regulation.
Overvoltage Regulator

Fast changes of the output voltage can’t be regulated by the integrator formed with the
voltage amplifier This occurs during initial start-up, sudden load removal, or output arcing
and leads to a current peak at the voltage amplifier input while the voltage amplifier’s
differential input voltages remains zero. The peak current is flowing through the external
capacitor into VAOUT. Exceeding an internal defined margin causes a regulation circuitry
to reduce the multiplier output voltage.
TDA4862
Functional Description (cont’d)
MuItiplier

A one quadrant multiplier is the crucial circuitry that regulates the gate driver with respect
of the DC output voltage and the AC haversine input voltage of the preregulator. Both
inputs are designed for good linearity over a wide dynamic range, 0V to 4.0V for the
MULTIN and 2.5V to 4.0V for the VAOUT.
Current Sense Comparator and RS Latch

The multiplier output voltage is compared with the current sense voltage which
represents the current through the MOSFET. The current sense comparator in addition
with the logic ensures that only a single pulse appears at the drive output during a
givencycle. The multiplier output and the current sense threshold are internally clamped
at 1.3V. So the gate drive MOSFET is protected against critical operating, as they occur
during start up. To prevent the input from negative pulses a special protection circuitry is
implemented. Switch-on current peaks are reduced by an internal RC-Filter.
Zero Current Detector

The zero current detector senses the inductor current via an auxiliary winding and
ensures that the next on-time is initiated immediately when the inductor current has
reached zero. This diminishes the reverse recovery losses of the boost converter diode.
Output switch conduction is terminated when the voltage drop of the shunt resistor
reaches the threshold level of the multiplier output. So the boost current waveform has
a triangular shape and there are no deadtime gaps between the cycles. This leads to a
continuous AC line current limiting the peak current to twice of the average current.
To prevent false tripping the zero current detector is designed as a Schmitt trigger withhysteresis of 0.6V. An internal 5V clamp protects the input from overvoltage
breakdown, a 0.6V clamp prevents substrate injection. An external resistor must be
used in series with the auxiliary winding to limit the current through the clamps.
Timer

A restart timer function was added to the IC to eliminate the need for an oscillator when
used in stand-alone applications. The timer starts or restarts the TDA 4862 if the drive
output has been off for more than 15µs after the inductor current reaches zero.
TDA4862
Functional Description (cont’d)
Undervoltage Lockout

An undervoltage lockout circuitry enables the output stage when VCC reaches the upper
threshold VCC and terminates the output stage when VCC is falling below the lower
threshold VCCL. In the standby mode the supply current is typically 75µA. An internal
clamp has been added from VCC to ground to protect the IC from an overvoltage
condition. The external circuitry is created with a start-up resistor connected from VCC to
the input supply voltage and a storage capacitor from VCC to ground. Bootstrap power
supply is created with the previous mentioned auxiliary winding and a diode.
Output

The TDA 4862 totem pole output stage is MOSFET compatible. An internal protection
circuitry is activated when VCC is within the stand by mode and ensures that the MOSFET
is turned-OFF. The totem pole output has been optimized to minimize cross conduction
current during high speed operation. The addition of two 4Ω resistors, one in series with
the source output transistor and one in series with the sink output transistor, reduces the
cross conduction current.
TDA4862
TDA4862
TDA4862
Operating Range
Absolute Maximum Ratings
VCCON means VCCH has been exceeded but the supply voltage is still above VCCL. The device has switched from
standby to active. For VCCH and VCCL values see Electrical Characteristics. If 0Vis in standby and output GTDRV is active low.
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