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TC9237BF-TC9237BN
SUMM-DELTA MODULATION SYSTEM DA CONVERTER WITH BUILT-IN DIGITAL FILTER
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
TENTATIVE TOSHIBA CMOS DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SILICON MONOLITHIC
TC9237BF, TC9237BN
2-A MODULATION SYSTEM DA CONVERTER WITH BUILT-IN DIGITAL
FILTER
TC9237BF, TC9237BN are a 2'nd order E-n modulation TC9237BF
system 1bit DA converter with a built-in 8 times over-
sampling FIR type digital filter developed for digital
audio equipment.
As the de-emphasis function has been incorporation, it is
possible to configure the system for digital filtering
through analogue output at a low price.
FEATURES SOP28-P-450-1.27
0 Built-in 8 times over-sampling FIR type digital filter. TC9237BN
o Over-sampling ratio (OSR) is 192fs.
0 Built-in digital de-emphasis filter.
0 Simultaneous outputs to L-ch and R-ch.
Compatible with fs=32k, 44.1k, 48kHz.
Compatible with double speed operation.
0 Characteristics of the digital filter and DA converter are . SDlP28-P-400-1.78
as follows : Weight
SOP28-P-450-1.27 : 0.8g (Typ.)
SDlP28-P-400-1.78 : 2.2g (Typ.)
DIGITAL FILTER (fs=44.1kHz)
PASS-BAND TRANSIENT STOP-BAND
DIGITAL FILTER RIPPLE BAND WIDTH SUPPRESSION
Standard operation 8fs i0.041dB 20k~23.5kHz - 55dB
Double speed operation 4fs -+0.026dB 20k-24.1kHz -49dB
DA CONVERTER
OSR DISTORTION S/N RATIO
Standard operation 192fs -87dB (Typ.) 98dB (Typ.)
Double speed operation 96fs -87dit (Typ.) 98dB (Typ.)
o 2 Kinds of package, 28-pin flat package and 28-pin DIP shrunk package.
o It is possible to construct a system in simple structure using the filter IC (TA2009P, TA2009F)
dedicated to +5V single power supply operation.
1 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA
TC9237BF/BN
PIN CONNECTION
BLOCK DIAGRAM
M/LE 1 V 28 EIvDD
MUTE t 2 27 El LRCK
TEST1[ 3 26 El BCK
VDAE 4 25 El DATA
ROI: 5 MEIR
R_O t 6 23 El EMP
GNDAI: 7 22 El R/L
GNDAE 8 21 EIEM2
Fall 9 20 El EM1
LO E 10 19 El MCK
VDA: 11 18 [|va
TESTZI: 12 17 Elxo
TESTSE 13 16 "
GNDDE 14 15 GNDX
(TOP VIEW)
LRCK BCK DATA m EMP R/L EM2 EM1 MCK VDX XO XI GNDX
A A ACh A A Ach A C2s A% Ch, A A
\272 216/ I??' \212 1?.Y I?ry 1?.Y I?.?,) Iii' 't \{17 ‘11” (?-
DATA 'NPUT - 8 TIMES SAMPLING DIGITAL FILTER
CIRCUIT
r- ----.---1--.----_-------.----_ -,
l DE-EMPHASIS DE-EMPHASIS l TIMING
FILTER FILTER
l l GENERATOR
L ----_-------e---- J
INTERPOLATION INTERPOLATION
FILTER/DITHER CIRCUIT FILTER/DITHER CIRCUIT
E-A MODULATION E-n MODULATION
SYSTEM DA SYSTEM DA
CONVERTER CONVERTER
DATA OUTPUT CIRCUIT DATA OUTPUT CIRCUIT
u u U u v u v v Nl2.'/ v V V
MUTE TESTI VDA R0 RO GNDA GNDA LO LO VDA TEST? TEST3 GNDD
2001 -06-1 9
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
DESCRIPTION OF PIN FUNCTIONS
PIN No. SYMBOL I/O FUNCTION & OPERATION REMARKS
1 M/L I Input data MSB First/LSB First selection pin. With a puII-up
MSB First at "H" and LSB First at "L" resistor
2 MUTE I Soft mute control pin. Mute ON at "H".
3 TEST1 I TEST pin. Normally, use at "H".
4 VDA - Analog power supply pin.
5 RO o R channel data forward output pin.
6 W O R channel data reverse output pin.
7 GNDA - Analog ground pin.
8 GNDA - Analog ground pin.
9 'Lt5" 0 L channel data reverse output pin.
10 LO o L channel data forward output pin.
11 VDA - Analog power supply pin.
12 TEST2 I TEST pin. Normally, use at "L".
13 TEST3 I TEST pin. Normally, use at "H" or open. Wi.th, a puII-up
resistor
14 GNDD - Digital ground pin.
15 GNDX - Crystal oscillator ground pin.
16 XI I Crystal oscillator connecting pin.
Connecting a crystal oscillator, generates clock needed for the
17 xo 0 system. (384fs)
18 VDX - Crystal oscillator power supply pin.
19 MCK 0 Master clock output pin. (384fs)
De-emphasis filter mode select pin.
20 EM1 I
EM1 L L H H
EM2 L H H L
21 EM2 I MODE (fs selection) 44.1kHz 32kHz 48kHz
LRCK polarity switching pin.
L R C K
22 R/L I R/L INPUT L H Wi.th. a puII-up
L R channel data L channel data resistor
H L channel data R channel data
De-emphasis filter control pin.
23 EMP I ON at "H" and OFF at "L".
24 HC; I Standard/double speed operation mode control pin.
Standard operation at "H" and double speed operation at "L".
25 DATA I Data input pin.
26 BCK I Bit clock input pin.
27 LRCK I LR clock input pin.
28 VDD - Logic power supply pin.
2001 -06-1 9
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
DESCRIPTION OF BLOCK OPERATION
1. Crystal oscillation circuit and timing generator
Clock required for internal operation can be generated when crystal and capacitors are connected
as shown in Fig.1.
Further, this converter is also operable when system clock is input from the outside through XI pin
(Pin 16). However, a through consideration is required in this case because noise distortion and S/N
ratio of the DA converter are largely affected by qualities of wave form such as jitter, rising and
falling characteristics, etc. of system clock.
( 3 / i _ A
1 I V V
GNDX XI XO VDX MCK
E P- CL=10~33pF
Use a crystal with a low CI value and quick response.
To the internal circuit
Fig.1 Configuration of crystal oscillation circuit
The timing generator generates clock required for the digital filter, de-emphasis filter, interpolation
filter and process timing signal.
2. Data input circuit
DATA and LRCK are taken in the shift register in the LSI at the rising edge of BCK. As shown in
the falling timing example, it is therefore necessary to input DATA and LRCK in synchronism with
the following edge of BCK. Further, because DATA has been so designed that 16bits before the
change point of LRCK are made effective data, it is necessary to data when BCK is 48fs or 64fs.
L-ch R-ch
DATA Fs415l1al13l12l11h0l9l8l7l6lslal3l2lLsBFs41slwl3h2F1l10l9l8l7l6lsl4l3l2lrssl
Fig.2 Example of input timing chart (When R/L=M/L="H")
Polarity of LRCK and input data modes are set using the R/L and M/L pin.
Table.1 Channel data correspondence Table.2 Input data setting
R/L INPUT L LRC K H M/L INPUT INPUT DATA (DATA)
L R channel data L channel data L LSB data first-in
H L channel data R channel data H MSB data first-in
4 2001-06-19
. Digital filter
TOSHIBA
0 Standard operation
Input data -
2 times over-sampling
FIR type digital filter
(91 taps)
4 times over-sampling
FIR type digital filter
(24 taps)
0 Double speed operation
Input data -
2 times over-sampling
FIR type digital filter
(67 taps)
2 times over-sampling
FIR type digital filter
(13 taps)
Fig.3 Construction of digital filter
TC9237BF/BN
8 times over-sampling
digital filter data
4 times over-sampling
digital filter data
Table.3 Basic characteristics of digital filter
Foldover noise component outside the band is removed by the 8 times over-sampling FIR type
digital filter. The construction and basic characteristic of the digital filter are changed by the
standard and double speed operations. The contents of this change as shown below. (In the case of
fs=44.1kHz/88.2kHz (at the double speed operation).)
PASS-BAND TRANSIENT STOP-BAND
SETTING MODE RIPPLE BANDWIDTH SUPPRESSION
Standard operation i0.041dB 20.0k--23.5kHz - 55dB
Double speed operation i0.026dB 20.0k-24.1kHz -49dB
5 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
Frequency characteristics of the digital filter are as follows .'
0 Standard operation
-20 -0.02
a" a';
T?. E,
g -40 g -0.04
E -60 E -0.06
-80 -0.08
-100 -0.10
0 20 40 $3 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 2 4 6 8 1O 12 14 16 18 20 22
FREQUENCY f (kHz) FREQUENCY f (kHz)
0 Double speed operation
F...?. "l?.
g 'td-om
E E-0.06
-100 -0.10
0 20 40 ED 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
FREQUENCY f (kHz) FREQUENCY f (kHz)
Fig.4 Digital filter frequency characteristics (fs=44.1kHz)
6 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
4. De-emphasis filter
The TC9237BF, TC9237BN has a built-in IIR type digital de-emphasis circuit and is capable of copying
with 3 kinds of frequency (32kHz, 44.1kHz, 48kHz) by setting respective modes. These frequencies
are set by 2 pins of EM1 and EM2 and the de-emphasis ON/OFF is switched by the EMP pin.
Table.4 fs setting of de-emphasis filter
EM1 L L H H
EM2 L H H L
Mode (fs selection) 44.1kHz 32kHz 48kHz
Digitization of the de-emphasis filter has eliminated the necessity for external parts such as resistor,
capacitor, analogue switch, etc. Further, to reduce the characteristic error of the de-emphasis filter,
coefficients have been adjusted.
The construction and characteristics of the de-emphasis filter are shown below.
Input Data
|G
|
(b +b 2-1) 1 1
Transfer function : H (z)--"""-''", IT1 /T2
(1-a12-1) T1--50ps,T2--15ps
Fig.5 Construction of HR type digital De-emphasis Filter Fig.6 Filter characteristic
Table.5 Typ. example of de-emphasis frequency characteristic
0 Standard operation (Unit : dB)
f=3kHz f=10kHz MAXIMUM ERROR
SAMPLING THEORETICAL DESIGN THEORETICAL DESIGN VALUE
FREQUENCY fs VALUE VALUE ERROR VALUE VALUE ERROR (ABSOLUTE VALUE)
44.1kHz -2.426 -2.453 -0.027 -7.601 -7.626 -0.025 0.04
32kHz -2.426 -2.291 +0.135 -7.601 -7.456 +0.145 0.19
48kHz -2.426 -2.420 +0.006 -7.601 -7.572 +0.029 0.05
It Double speed operation : (Unit : dB)
f=3kHz f=10kHz MAXIMUM ERROR
SAMPLING THEORETICAL DESIGN THEORETICAL DESIGN VALUE
FREQUENCY fs VALUE VALUE ERROR VALUE VALUE ERROR (ABSOLUTE VALUE)
44.1kHz -2.426 -2.348 +0.078 -7.601 -7.486 +0.115 0.12
32kHz -2.426 -2.521 -0.095 -7.601 -7.641 -0.040 0.12
48kHz -2.426 -2.475 -0.049 -7.601 -7.664 -0.063 0.07
7 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
Interpolation filter and dither circuit
The interpolation filter linearly interpolates 8fs (at the double speed operation : Ms) after the de-
emphasis filter to times and over samples to 16fs (at the double speed operation : 8fs)
Further, in the dither circuit, DC offset and dither have been added to data in order to prevent
noise by the idling pattern peculiar to the 2-d modulation DA converter.
After adding the dither, 192fs (at the double speed operation : 96fs) is over sampled in the sample
hold circuit.
DA conversion circuit
The 2'nd order 2-n modulation DA converter for 2 channels (Simultaneous output type) has been
incorporated in the TC9237BF, TC9237BN.
X Z MY Z
DATA ( ) ' Q ( ) Output data
(Bit stream 1bit DA conversion data)
2'nd order 2u modulator : Y (Z)=X (Z)+(1-z-1)-2Q (Z)
Fig.7 Construction of E-d modulation DA converter
It was been so designed that clock for the 2-n modulator is a half of master clock (MCK : Crystal
oscillation clock) and the converter operates at 192fs at the standard operation while at 96fs at the
double speed operation (as a clock, the same as that at the standard operation).
The noise shaping characteristic is shown below.
» 10dB
NOISE POWER (dB)
0 500k IM
FREQUENCY f (Hz)
Fig.8 Noise shaping characteristic
8 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
7. Data output circuit
In this circuit, output data waveform is shaped and forward and reverse signals of bit stream data
are output to the outside through a buffer.
By differentiating these forward signal and the reverse signal in the external analogue circuit, DA
conversion output of low distortion factor and high S/N ratio can be obtained.
_ _ Inside
Bit stream Ibit
DA conversion data
Sift register
Fig.8 Construction of data output circuit
' Analogue output
MAXIMUM RATINGS (Ta = 25°C)
CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL RATING UNIT
Supply Voltage VDX -0.3--6.0 V
Input Voltage Vin -thr-VDD+0.3 V
. . . TC9237BF 600
Power Dissipation TC9237BN PD 800 mW
Operating Temperature Topr -35--85 "C
Storage Temperature Tstg - 55--150 "C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Unless otherwise specified, Ta = 25°C, VDD = VDX = VDA = 5V)
DC CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL CIR- TEST CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
VDD 4.5 5.0 5.5
Operating Supply Voltage VDX - Ta = -35--85oc 4.5 5.0 5.5 V
VDA 4.5 5.0 5.5
Power Dissipation IDD - X|=16.9MH2 - 25 45 mA
"H" Level VIH VDDXO.7 - VDD
Input Voltage "L" Level VIL - o - vDon.3 V
In t c rr nt "H" Level "H 10 10 A
pu u e "L" Level IIL - - /1
Pull-up Resistor RUP - TEST3, M/L, R/L pins - 130 - k0
9 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Standard operation (Over-sampling ratio=192fs)
CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL CIR- TEST CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Noise Distortion THD 1 1kHz sine wave, full-scale input - -87 -78 dB
S/N Ratio S/N 1 88 98 - dB
Dynamic Range DR 1 1kHz $111e wave, -60di? input 88 95 - dB
conversion
Cross-Talk CT 1 1kHz sine wave, full-scale input - -95 -88 dB
Operating Frequency fop, - 10 16.9344 19.2 MHz
In t Fre en fLR LRCK duty cycle=50% 30 44.1 100 kHz
pu qu Cy fBCK - BCK duty cycle=50% 0.96 1.4112 6.2 MHz
Rise Time tr o - - 15
Fall Time tf - LRCK, BCK (10 90 A) - - 15 ns
Delay Time td - BCK-L edge-oLRCK, DATA - - 40 ns
It Test circuit-I
: Application circuit example-2 is used.
Distortion Factor Gauge .'
APPLICATION
CIRCUIT EXAMPLE-il
RO IDEAL LPF
DISTORTION
FACTOR GAUGE
: ANRITSU MG-22A or equivalent
LPF : MURATA SEISAKUSHO AFL89FB20000A2 or equivalent
MEASURING ITEM
DISTORTION FACTOR GAUGE
FILTER SETTING A WEIGHT
THD + N, CT
S/N, DR
It AC characteristic point (Input signal : LRCK, BCK, DATA)
10% 90% 10%
SIBASOKU 725B or equivalent
A weight : IEC-A or equivalent
BCK -y'-tsi-'00L'/-N_,/'-Np'" - s_y''-N_,/'-N_/'-
- 50% td tr - tf
DATA X X . . = X X
LRCK 's?''" - - - I
10 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
APPLICATION CIRCUIT EXAMPLE-1 (+5V single power supply used)
TC9236AF Single
Processor for CD Player
St - I
u St D a.
I w 0 m E X'tal--16SMHz
U m < I Lu
+5V(H) H +svtr,tf
CI St St < m m _l N T" Lf X 0 - X
cy U U - I E 's E E U o X A o
> n: m < Lu a: Lu LU E > a
_I CI o
C) TC9237BF,TC9237BN
T" N m
LLI - < < - _ D
-l - m < o o < m w a
"s. 3 Lu Ct O 0 a a O O Ct Lu u: a
E E - > n: In: 0 © lp, -l > - _ ©
H H +5V +5V H
u2 - lc m N lr: - as
F n: c: '- F 4 4 Q
O CI Cy Z
a a a 0
U U U)
)TA2009F,TA2009P
+ o - u +
- a O n: C) u -
ttt Q n: > a _I > _I
R-ch OUT L-ch OUT
(Cautions)
0 Quality of crystal oscillation waveform largely affects S/N ratio.
Furéger, this is also true when system clock is input externally through the XI pin of
It Suppress of input signals (LRCK, BCK, DATA) as could as possible.
0 The wiring between the TC9237BF, TC9237BN output and the analogue filter amplifier
input must be made the shortest.
o The capacitor between VDA and GNDA shall be connected as close to the pin as
possible.
11 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
APPLICATION CIRCUIT EXAMPLE-2 (+5V two power supply used)
TC9236AF Single
Processor for CD Player
W X'ta|=16.9MHz
+5V(H) +5v3f2f
g i; (y,,,,?,,),)
fi if if, E 2 E cl E E if E fi) if,
> n: m < Lu D: Lu Lu E > a
-l D o
C) TC9237BF,TC9237BN
Operational amplifier : TL072
(Operate at A12V)
V (The same as VCC/4 shown at the left)
Vcc <._
18kQ i12v
1m 10/1F
R-ch OUT L-ch OUT
12 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
SOP28-P-450-1.27
2i'pppcpopppppp1i'----,----
8 8:0 2
1 1.8:03
j? "ynluuuloojj,
0.995TYP - T 0.43:0.1 j5lolysliif _
1.27 _ _
L 19.0MAX
18.5Hh2
Weight : 0.8g (Typ.)
TC9237BF/BN
Unit : mm
(450mil)
I I 1.0i0.2
2001 -06-1 9
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
SDIP28-P-400-1.78 Unit : mm
28 15 "i
J""''1r-1rOC''lf-ll-1l-1r-1f-1i-lr-nFTr-1I-'l O
3) 3 g
l-It-JI-lL-llc-JL-lL-dt-ICJ/lr-lr-IL:
26.1MAX
25.6K0.2
“a r'?-
-a- m.
1 .243TYP 04610.1
Weight : 2.29 (Typ.)
14 2001-06-19
TOSHIBA TC9237BF/BN
RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE
000707EBA
OTOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products.
Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent
electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer,
when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe
design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such
TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property.
In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified
operating ranges as set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please
keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the "Handling Guide for
Semiconductor Devices," or "TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability Handbook" etc..
OThe TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics
applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial
robotics, domestic appliances, etc.). These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor
warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or
a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury ("Unintended
Usage"). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship
instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control
instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA
products listed in this document shall be made at the customer's own risk.
0 The products described in this document are subject to the foreign exchange and foreign trade
OThe information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our
products. No responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA CORPORATION for any infringements of
intellectual property or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any intellectual property or other rights of
TOSHIBA CORPORATION or others.
0 The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
15 2001-06-19
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