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MAX9700AETBMAXIMN/a305avai1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio Amplifier
MAX9700BETBN/AN/a2349avai1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio Amplifier


MAX9700BETB ,1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio AmplifierBlock Diagram Selector Guide appears at end of data sheet.Pin ConfigurationsVDDTOP VIEWDIFFERENTIAL ..
MAX9700BETB+ ,1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio AmplifierApplicationsMAX9700BEUB -40 C to +85 C 10 µMAX —o oCellular Phones MP3 Players MAX9700BEBC-T -40 C ..
MAX9700BETB+T ,1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio Amplifierfeatures high 72dB PSRR, a low 0.01%THD+N, and SNR in excess of 90dB. Short-circuit andPIN- TOPPART ..
MAX9700BEUB+ ,1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio AmplifierELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V = PV = V = 3.3V, V = V = 0V, SYNC = GND (FFM), R = 8Ω, R c ..
MAX9700BEUB+ ,1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio AmplifierBlock Diagramat end of data sheet.VDDPin ConfigurationsTOP VIEWDIFFERENTIAL MODULATORAUDIO INPUT AN ..
MAX9700BEUB+T ,1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio AmplifierFeatures♦ Filterless Amplifier Passes FCC RadiatedThe MAX9700 mono class D audio power amplifier pr ..
MB89153 ,8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerFUJITSU SEMICONDUCTORDS07-12506-4EDATA SHEET8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerCMOS2F MC-8L MB89150/1 ..
MB89163 ,8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerFUJITSU SEMICONDUCTORDS07-12405-2EDATA SHEET8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerCMOS2F MC-8L MB89160/1 ..
MB89163 ,8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerFUJITSU SEMICONDUCTORDS07-12405-2EDATA SHEET8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerCMOS2F MC-8L MB89160/1 ..
MB89163PFV ,8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerFUJITSU SEMICONDUCTORDS07-12405-2EDATA SHEET8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerCMOS2F MC-8L MB89160/1 ..
MB89165 ,8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerFUJITSU SEMICONDUCTORDS07-12405-2EDATA SHEET8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerCMOS2F MC-8L MB89160/1 ..
MB89165A ,8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerFUJITSU SEMICONDUCTORDS07-12405-2EDATA SHEET8-bit Proprietary MicrocontrollerCMOS2F MC-8L MB89160/1 ..


MAX9700AETB-MAX9700BETB
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless, Class D Audio Amplifier
General Description
The MAX9700 mono class D audio power amplifier pro-
vides class AB amplifier performance with class D effi-
ciency, conserving board space and extending battery
life. Using a class D architecture, the MAX9700 delivers
1.2W into an 8Ωload while offering efficiencies above
90%. A patented, low-EMI modulation scheme renders
the traditional class D output filter unnecessary.
The MAX9700 offers two modulation schemes: a fixed-
frequency (FFM) mode, and a spread-spectrum (SSM)
mode that reduces EMI-radiated emissions due to the
modulation frequency. Furthermore, the MAX9700 oscil-
lator can be synchronized to an external clock through
the SYNC input, allowing the switching frequency to be
user defined. The SYNC input also allows multiple
MAX9700s to be cascaded and frequency locked, mini-
mizing interference due to clock intermodulation. The
device utilizes a fully differential architecture, a full-
bridged output, and comprehensive click-and-pop sup-
pression. The gain of the MAX9700 is set internally
(MAX9700A: 6dB, MAX9700B: 12dB, MAX9700C:
15.6dB, MAX9700D: 20dB), further reducing external
component count.
The MAX9700 features high 72dB PSRR, a low 0.01%
THD+N, and SNR in excess of 90dB. Short-circuit and
thermal-overload protection prevent the device from
damage during a fault condition. The MAX9700 is avail-
able in 10-pin TDFN (3mm ✕3mm ✕0.8mm), 10-pin
µMAX, and 12-bump UCSP™ (1.5mm ✕2mm ✕ 0.6mm)
packages. The MAX9700 is specified over the extended
-40°C to +85°C temperature range.
Applications
Features
Filterless Amplifier Passes FCC Radiated
Emissions Standards with 100mm of Cable
Unique Spread-Spectrum Mode Offers 5dB
Emissions Improvement Over Conventional
Methods
Optional External SYNC InputSimple Master-Slave Setup for Stereo Operation94% Efficiency1.2W into 8ΩLow 0.01% THD+NHigh PSRR (72dB at 217Hz)Integrated Click-and-Pop SuppressionLow Quiescent Current (4mA)Low-Power Shutdown Mode (0.1µA)Short-Circuit and Thermal-Overload ProtectionAvailable in Thermally Efficient, Space-Saving
Packages
10-Pin TDFN (3mm ✕ 3mm ✕ 0.8mm)
10-Pin µMAX
12-Bump UCSP (1.5mm ✕2mm ✕0.6mm)
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
Pin Configurations
Ordering Information
Block Diagram

19-3030; Rev 1; 6/04
Cellular Phones
PDAs
MP3 Players
Portable Audio
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.

UCSP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Selector Guide appears at end of data sheet.
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD= PVDD= SHDN= 3.3V, GND = PGND = 0V, SYNC = GND (FFM), RL
= 8Ω, RLconnected between OUT+ and OUT-, TA=
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VDDto GND..............................................................................6V
PVDDto PGND.........................................................................6V
GND to PGND.......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (VDD+ 0.3V)
Continuous Current Into/Out of PVDD/PGND/OUT_........±600mA
Continuous Input Current (all other pins)..........................±20mA
Duration of OUT_ Short Circuit to GND or PVDD........Continuous
Duration of Short Circuit Between OUT+ and OUT-..Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
10-Pin TDFN (derate 24.4mW/°C above +70°C).....1951.2mW
10-Pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/oC above +70°C).........444.4mW
12-Bump UCSP (derate 6.1mW/°C above +70°C)........484mW
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
Bump Temperature (soldering)
Reflow..........................................................................+235°C
MAX9700
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD= PVDD= SHDN= 3.3V, GND = PGND = 0V, SYNC = GND (FFM), RL
= 8Ω, RLconnected between OUT+ and OUT-, TA=
TMINto TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
Note 1:
All devices are 100% production tested at +25°C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Note 2:
Testing performed with a resistive load in series with an inductor to simulate an actual speaker load. For RL= 4Ω, L = 33µH.
For RL= 8Ω, L = 68µH. For RL= 16Ω, L = 136µH.
Note 3:
PSRR is specified with the amplifier inputs connected to GND through CIN.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD= PVDD= SHDN= 5V, GND = PGND = 0V, SYNC = GND (FFM), RL
= 8Ω, RLconnected between OUT+ and OUT-, TA= TMIN
to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics

(VDD= 3.3V, SYNC = GND (SSM), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VDD= 3.3V, SYNC = GND (SSM), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier

OUTPUT FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
MAX9700 toc22
FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT MAGNITUDE (dBV)5k10k15k20k
-10010M100M1G
WIDEBAND OUTPUT SPECTRUM
(FFM MODE)

MAX9700 toc23
FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (dB)
-10010M100M1G
WIDEBAND OUTPUT SPECTRUM
(SSM MODE)

MAX9700 toc24
FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (dB)
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF RESPONSE
MAX9700 toc25
MAX9700
OUTPUT
SHDN
250mV/div
10ms/divf = 1kHz
RL = 8Ω
OUTPUT FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
MAX9700 toc21
FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT MAGNITUDE (dBV)5k10k15k20k
GSM POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION

MAX9700 toc19
MAX9700
OUTPUT
VDD
100µV/div
500mV/div
2ms/divf = 217Hz
INPUT LOW = 3V
INPUT HIGH = 3.5V
DUTY CYCLE = 88%
RL = 8Ω
OUTPUT FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
MAX9700 toc20
FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT MAGNITUDE (dBV)5k10k15k20k
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VDD= 3.3V, SYNC = GND (SSM), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VDD= 3.3V, SYNC = GND (SSM), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Functional Diagram
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier
Detailed Description

The MAX9700 filterless, class D audio power amplifier
features several improvements to switch-mode amplifier
technology. The MAX9700 offers class AB performance
with class D efficiency, while occupying minimal board
space. A unique filterless modulation scheme, synchro-
nizable switching frequency, and SSM mode create a
compact, flexible, low-noise, efficient audio power
amplifier. The differential input architecture reduces
common-mode noise pickup, and can be used without
input-coupling capacitors. The device can also be con-
figured as a single-ended input amplifier.
Comparators monitor the MAX9700 inputs and com-
pare the complementary input voltages to the sawtooth
waveform. The comparators trip when the input magni-
tude of the sawtooth exceeds their corresponding input
voltage. Both comparators reset at a fixed time after the
rising edge of the second comparator trip point, gener-
ating a minimum-width pulse tON(MIN)at the output of
the second comparator (Figure 1). As the input voltage
increases or decreases, the duration of the pulse at one
output increases (the first comparator to trip) while the
other output pulse duration remains at tON(MIN). This
causes the net voltage across the speaker (VOUT+-
VOUT-) to change.
Operating Modes
Fixed-Frequency Modulation (FFM) Mode

The MAX9700 features two FFM modes. The FFM
modes are selected by setting SYNC = GND for a
1.1MHz switching frequency, and SYNC = FLOAT for a
1.45MHz switching frequency. In FFM mode, the fre-
quency spectrum of the class D output consists of the
fundamental switching frequency and its associated
harmonics (see the Wideband FFT graph in the Typical
Operating Characteristics). The MAX9700 allows the
switching frequency to be changed by +32%, should
the frequency of one or more of the harmonics fall in a
sensitive band. This can be done at any time and does
not affect audio reproduction.
Spread-Spectrum Modulation (SSM) Mode

The MAX9700 features a unique, patented spread-spec-
trum mode that flattens the wideband spectral compo-
nents, improving EMI emissions that may be radiated by
the speaker and cables by 5dB. Proprietary techniques
ensure that the cycle-to-cycle variation of the switching
period does not degrade audio reproduction or efficien-
cy (see the Typical Operating Characteristics). Select
SSM mode by setting SYNC = VDD. In SSM mode, the
switching frequency varies randomly by ±120kHz
around the center frequency (1.22MHz). The modulation
scheme remains the same, but the period of the saw-
tooth waveform changes from cycle to cycle (Figure 2).
Instead of a large amount of spectral energy present at
multiples of the switching frequency, the energy is now
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier

spread over a bandwidth that increases with frequency.
Above a few megahertz, the wideband spectrum looks
like white noise for EMI purposes (Figure 3).
External Clock Mode

The SYNC input allows the MAX9700 to be synchro-
nized to a system clock (allowing a fully synchronous
system), or allocating the spectral components of the
switching harmonics to insensitive frequency bands.
Applying an external TTL clock of 800kHz to 2MHz to
SYNC synchronizes the switching frequency of the
MAX9700. The period of the SYNC clock can be ran-
domized, enabling the MAX9700 to be synchronized to
another MAX9700 operating in SSM mode.
Filterless Modulation/Common-Mode Idle

The MAX9700 uses Maxim’s unique, patented modula-
tion scheme that eliminates the LC filter required by
traditional class D amplifiers, improving efficiency,
reducing component count, and conserving board
space and system cost. Conventional class D amplifiers
output a 50% duty cycle square wave when no signal is
present. With no filter, the square wave appears across
MAX9700
1.2W, Low-EMI, Filterless,
Class D Audio Amplifier

the load as a DC voltage, resulting in finite load current,
increasing power consumption. When no signal is pre-
sent at the input of the MAX9700, the outputs switch as
shown in Figure 4. Because the MAX9700 drives the
speaker differentially, the two outputs cancel each other,
resulting in no net Idle Mode™ voltage across the
speaker, minimizing power consumption.
Efficiency

Efficiency of a class D amplifier is attributed to the
region of operation of the output stage transistors. In a
class D amplifier, the output transistors act as current-
steering switches and consume negligible additional
power. Any power loss associated with the class D out-
put stage is mostly due to the I ✕R loss of the MOSFET
on-resistance, and quiescent current overhead.
The theoretical best efficiency of a linear amplifier is
78%; however, that efficiency is only exhibited at peak
output powers. Under normal operating levels (typical
music reproduction levels), efficiency falls below 30%,
whereas the MAX9700 still exhibits >90% efficiencies
under the same conditions (Figure 5).
Idle Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
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