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MAX5918LEEEMAXIMN/a60avaiLow-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF Control
MAX5918LEEE+ |MAX5918LEEEMAXIMN/a500avaiLow-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF Control
MAX5919AEEEMAXIMN/a8700avaiLow-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF Control
MAX5919AEEE+ |MAX5919AEEEMAXN/a40avaiLow-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF Control


MAX5919AEEE ,Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF ControlELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is higher than +2.7V, V = ..
MAX5919AEEE+ ,Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF ControlApplicationsPGOOD1 1 16 PGOOD2Base Station Line Cards Power-Supply SequencingTIM 2 15 ON2Network Sw ..
MAX5920AESA ,-48V Hot-Swap Controller with External RSENSEApplicationsMAX5920AESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SOTelecom Line CardsMAX5920BESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SONetwork ..
MAX5920AESA+ ,-48V Hot-Swap Controller with External RSENSEFeaturesThe MAX5920A/MAX5920B are hot-swap controllers that♦ Allows Safe Board Insertion and Remova ..
MAX5920BESA ,-48V Hot-Swap Controller with External RSENSEFeaturesThe MAX5920A/MAX5920B are hot-swap controllers that Allows Safe Board Insertion and Remova ..
MAX5921AESA+T ,-48V Hot-Swap Controllers with External RSENSE and High Gate Pulldown CurrentELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = 0V, V = 48V, T = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical val ..
MAZ8091G ,Silicon planar typeelectrical characteristics WZ Zwithin part numbersReverse current I V Specified valuemAR R2*Tempera ..
MAZ8091-H ,Silicon planar typeElectrical Characteristics T = 25°CaParameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max UnitForward voltage V ..
MAZ8091-L ,Silicon planar typeelectrical characteristicsZ Zwithin part numbersReverse current I V ··············· Specified value ..
MAZ8091M ,Silicon planar typeFeatures•Extremely low noise voltage caused from the diode (2.4V to 39V,1/3 to 1/10 of our conventi ..
MAZ8091-M ,Silicon planar typeelectrical characteristicsZ Zwithin part numbersReverse current I V ··············· Specified value ..
MAZ8100-H ,Silicon planar typeZener DiodesMAZ8000 SeriesSilicon planar typeUnit : mmFor stabilization of power supplyKA


MAX5918LEEE-MAX5918LEEE+-MAX5919AEEE-MAX5919AEEE+
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with Independent ON/OFF Control
General Description
The MAX5918 and MAX5919 are +1V to +13.2V dual
hot-swap controllers with independent on/off control for
complete protection of dual-supply systems. They allow
the safe insertion and removal of circuit cards into live
backplanes. The MAX5918 and MAX5919 operate
down to 1V provided one of the inputs is above 2.7V
The discharged filter capacitors of the circuit card pro-
vide low impedance to the live backplane. High inrush
currents from the backplane to the circuit card can burn
up connectors and components, or momentarily collapse
the backplane power supply leading to a system reset.
The MAX5918 and MAX5919 hot-swap controllers pre-
vent such problems by gradually ramping up the output
voltage and regulating the current to a preset limit when
the board is plugged in, allowing the system to stabilize
safely. After the startup cycle is completed, two on-chip
comparators provide VariableSpeed/BiLevel™ protection
against short-circuit and overcurrent faults, as well as
immunity against system noise and load transients. In the
event of a fault condition, the load is disconnected. The
MAX5918L and MAX5919L must be unlatched after a
fault and the MAX5918A and MAX5919A automatically
restart after a fault.
The MAX5918 and MAX5919 integrate an on-board
charge pump to drive the gates of low-cost, external N-
channel MOSFETs. The devices offer integrated fea-
tures like startup current regulation and current glitch
protection to eliminate external timing resistors and
capacitors. These devices provide open-drain status
outputs, an adjustable startup timer and adjustable cur-
rent limits. The MAX5918 provides output undervolt-
age/overvoltage protection for each channel, while the
MAX5919 provides undervoltage/overvoltage monitor-
ing for each channel.
The MAX5918 and MAX5919 are available in a space-
saving 16-pin QSOP package and are specified over
the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range.
Applications
Features
Safe Hot Swap for +1V to +13.2V Power Supplies
with VIN1or VIN2
2.7VIndependent On/Off Control for Each ChannelInternal Charge Pumps Generate N-Channel
MOSFET Gate Drives
Inrush Current Regulated at StartupCircuit Breaker FunctionAdjustable Circuit Breaker/Current-Limit
Threshold from 25mV to 100mV
VariableSpeed/BiLevel Circuit Breaker ResponseAutoretry or Latched Fault ManagementStatus Outputs Indicate Fault/Safe ConditionOutput Undervoltage and Overvoltage Monitoring
or Protection
MAX5918/MAX5919
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap
Controllers with Independent ON/OFF Control
Ordering Information
Pin Configuration

Variable Speed/BiLevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated
Products, Inc.
Selector Guide and Typical Application Circuit appear at
end of data sheet.

Base Station Line Cards
Network Switches,
Routers, Hubs
Solid-State Circuit
Breakers
RAID
Power-Supply Sequencing
Hot Plug-In Daughter
Cards
Portable Computer Device
Bays (Docking Stations)
MAX5918/MAX5919
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN_= +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is higher than +2.7V, VON1= VON2= +2.7V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless other-
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
IN_ to GND...........................................................................+14V
GATE_ to GND...........................................-0.3V to (VIN_+ 6.2V)
ON_, PGOOD_, TIM to GND.......................-0.3V to the higher of
(VIN1+ 0.3V) and (VIN2+ 0.3V)
SENSE_, MON_, LIM_ to GND...................-0.3V to (VIN_+ 0.3V)
Current into Any Pin .........................................................±50mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
16-Pin QSOP (derate 8.3mW/°C above +70°C)...........667mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
MAX5918/MAX5919
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN_= +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is higher than +2.7V, VON1= VON2= +2.7V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless other-
Note 2:
The MAX5918/MAX5919 slow-comparator threshold is adjustable. VSC,TH= RLIM✕0.25µA + 25mV (see the Typical
Operating Characteristics).
Note 3:
The current-limit slow-comparator response time is weighted against the amount of overcurrent, the higher the overcurrent
condition, the faster the response time (see the Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 4:
The startup period (tSTART) is the time during which the slow comparator is ignored and the device acts as a current-limiter
by regulating the sense current with the fast comparator (see the Startup Periodsection).
Note 5:
The current available at GATE is a function of VGATE(see the Typical Operating Characteristics).
MAX5918/MAX5919
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control

SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX5918/19 toc01
VINX (V)
IIN
(mA)
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX5918/19 toc02
VINX (V)
(mA)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5918/19 toc03
TEMPERATURE (°C)
IIN
(mA)824101214
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5918/19 toc04
VINX (V)
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE (V)
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5918/19 toc05
VGATEX (V)
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5918/19 toc06
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (
GATE STRONG DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5918/19 toc07
VGATEX (V)
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
GATE STRONG DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5918/19 toc08
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
MAX5918/19 toc09
VIN - VSENSE (mV)
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)ypical Operating Characteristics
(Typical Operating Circuits, Q1 = Q2 = Fairchild FDB7090L, VIN1= +5V, VIN2= +3.3V, VON1= VON2= +2.7V, TA= +25°C, unless
otherwise noted. Channels 1 and 2 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable, channels 1 and 2 are
referred to as X and Y.)
MAX5918/MAX5919
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control

TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
(EXPANDED SCALE)
MAX5918/19 toc10
VIN - VSENSE (mV)
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
vs. RLIM
MAX5918/19 toc11
RLIM (kΩ)
SC,TH
(mV)
STARTUP PERIOD vs. RTIM

MAX5918/19 toc12
RTIM (kΩ)
tSTART
(ms)200300100400500600
VPGOOD
5V/div
VSENSE - VIN
100mV/div
VGATE
5V/div
TURN-OFF TIME
SLOW-COMPARATOR FAULT

MAX5918/19 toc13
1ms/div
VIN = 5.0VVPGOOD
5V/div
VSENSE - VIN
100mV/div
VGATE
5V/div
TURN-OFF TIME
FAST-COMPARATOR FAULT

MAX5918/19 toc14
400ns/div
VIN = 5.0V
VON
2V/div
VPGOOD
2V/div
IOUT
5A/div
VOUT
5V/div
VGATE
5V/div
STARTUP WAVEFORMS
FAST TURN-ON

MAX5918/19 toc15
1ms/div
VIN = 5.0V, RSENSE = 10mΩ,
RTIM = 27kΩ, CBOARD = 1000µF
VON
2V/div
VPGOOD
2V/div
IOUT
5A/div
VOUT
5V/div
VGATE
5V/div
STARTUP WAVEFORMS
SLOW TURN-ON

MAX5918/19 toc16
1ms/div
VIN = 5.0V, RSENSE = 10mΩ, RTIM = 47kΩ,
CBOARD = 1000µF, CGATE = 22nF
IOUT
5A/div
VOUT
5V/div
VGATE
5V/div
AUTORETRY DELAY

MAX5918/19 toc17
40ms/div
VIN = 5.0V, RSENSE = 10mΩ, RTIM = 47kΩ,
CBOARD = 1000µF, RBOARD = 1.4Ω
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Typical Operating Circuits, Q1 = Q2 = Fairchild FDB7090L, VIN1= +5V, VIN2= +3.3V, VON1= VON2= +2.7V, TA= +25°C, unless
otherwise noted. Channels 1 and 2 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable, channels 1 and 2 are
referred to as X and Y.)
MAX5918/MAX5919
Detailed Description

The MAX5918 and MAX5919 are circuit breaker ICs for
hot-swap applications where a line card is inserted into
a live backplane. The MAX5918 and MAX5919 operate
down to 1V provided one of the inputs is above 2.7V.
Normally, when a line card is plugged into a live back-
plane, the card’s discharged filter capacitors provide
low impedance that can momentarily cause the main
power supply to collapse. The MAX5918 and MAX5919
reside either on the backplane or on the removable
card to provide inrush current limiting and short-circuit
protection. This is achieved by using external N-chan-
nel MOSFETs, external current-sense resistors, and two
on-chip comparators. The startup period and current-
limit threshold of the MAX5918/MAX5919 can be
adjusted with external resistors. Figure 1 shows the
MAX5918/MAX5919 functional diagram.
The MAX5918/MAX5919 pull both PGOODs low and
both external FETs off for an overcurrent condition. The
MAX5918 also pulls both PGOODs low and both exter-
nal FETs off (protection) for an undervoltage/overvoltage
fault, whereas, the MAX5919 ONLY pulls the corre-
sponding fault channel’s PGOOD low (monitoring).
When the overvoltage/undervoltage fault disappears on
the MAX5919, the corresponding PGOOD automatically
goes high impedance.
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control
MAX5918/MAX5919
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control

Figure 1. Functional Diagram
MAX5918/MAX5919
Startup Period

RTIMsets the duration of the startup period from 0.4ms
to 50ms (see the Setting the Startup Period, RTIMsec-
tion). The default startup period is fixed at 9ms when
TIM is floating. The startup period begins after the fol-
lowing three conditions are met:VIN1or VIN2exceeds the UVLO threshold (2.4V) for
the UVLO to startup delay (37.5ms).VON1and VON2exceed the ON threshold (0.875V).The device is not latched or in its autoretry delay (see
the Latched and Autoretry Overcurrent Fault
Managementsection).
The MAX5918/MAX5919 limit the load current if an
overcurrent fault occurs during startup instead of com-
pletely turning off the external MOSFETs. The slow
comparator is disabled during the startup period and
the load current can be limited in two ways:Slowly enhancing the MOSFETs by limiting the
MOSFET gate-charging current.Limiting the voltage across the external current-
sense resistor.
During the startup period the gate-drive current is limit-
ed to 100µA and decreases with the increase of the
gate voltage (see the Typical Operating Characteris-
tics). This allows the controller to slowly enhance the
MOSFETs. If the fast comparator detects an overcur-
rent, the MAX5918/MAX5919 regulate the gate voltage
to ensure that the voltage across the sense resistor
does not exceed VSU,TH. This effectively regulates the
inrush current during startup. Figure 2 shows the start-
up waveforms. PGOOD_ goes high impedance 0.75ms
after the startup period if no fault condition is present.
VariableSpeed/BiLevel Fault Protection

VariableSpeed/BiLevel fault protection incorporates two
comparators with different thresholds and response
times to monitor the load current (Figure 3). During the
startup period, protection is provided by limiting the
load current. Protection is provided in normal operation
(after the startup period has expired) by discharging
both MOSFET gates with a strong 3mA pulldown cur-
rent in response to a fault condition. After a fault,
PGOOD_ is pulled low, the MAX5918L and MAX5919L
stay latched off and the MAX5918A and MAX5919A
automatically restart
Slow-Comparator Startup Period

The slow comparator is disabled during the startup
period while the external MOSFETs are turning on.
Disabling the slow comparator allows the device to
ignore the higher-than-normal inrush current charging
the board capacitors when a card is first plugged into a
live backplane.
Slow-Comparator Normal Operation

After the startup period is complete, the slow compara-
tor is enabled and the device enters normal operation.
The comparator threshold voltage (VSC,TH) is adjustable
from 25mV to 100mV. The slow-comparator response
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers with
Independent ON/OFF Control

Figure 2. Startup Waveform
Figure 3. VariableSpeed/BiLevel Response
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