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MAX1898EUB42+TMAXIMN/a530avaiLinear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery


MAX1898EUB42+T ,Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ BatteryELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V = 8V, V = 4V, EN/OK = open, RSET = 2.8kΩ, RSTRT = GND, T = 0°C to +85° ..
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MAX1898EUB42+T
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery
General Description
The MAX1898, with an external PNP or PMOS transistor,
forms a complete charger for 1-cell lithium-ion (Li+) bat-
teries. The MAX1898 provides accurate constant-cur-
rent/constant-voltage charging. Battery regulation voltage
accuracy is ±0.75% for optimum battery performance
and cycle life. Charging current is user set, but is sensed
internally so no external current-sense resistor is needed.
The MAX1898 also provides outputs to monitor charge
status, presence-of-input power source, and charge cur-
rent. Additional features include shutdown, optional
charge-cycle restart without input-power cycling, selec-
table charge termination safety timer, and low-current
preconditioning for deeply discharged cells.
The MAX1898 offers the maximum integration and func-
tionality in the smallest, most basic application circuit
possible. Very few external components are required.
The MAX1898 offers two versions to safely charge all
Li+ battery chemistries. The battery regulation voltage
is 4.2V for the MAX1898EUB42 and 4.1V for the
MAX1898EUB41. Both are available in a 10-pin ultra-
thin µMAX package.
Features
Simple, Safe Linear ChargerUses Low-Cost PNP or PMOS Pass Element4.5V to 12V Input RangeInternal Current-Sense Resistor±0.75% Voltage AccuracyProgrammable Charging CurrentAutomatic Input Power-Source DetectionLED Charge Status IndicatorProgrammable Safety TimerCurrent-Sense Monitor OutputOptional/Adjustable Auto-RestartSmall µMAX Package
MAX1898
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery
Ordering Information

MAX1898
RSTRT
GND
EN/OK
CHG
ISET
BATT
DRV
OFF
LEDLi+
BATTERY
SETS CHARGE
CURRENT
CT SETS
CHARGE
TIME
OUTPUT
INPUT
4.5V TO 12V
Typical Operating Circuit

19-2295; Rev 0; 1/02
PARTTEMP RANGEPIN-PACKAGE

MAX1898EUB42-40°C to +85°C10 µMAX
MAX1898EUB41-40°C to +85°C10 µMAX
Pin Configuration

DRV
GND
BATTISET
EN/OK
MAX1898
μMAX
TOP VIEW
RSTRTCT
CHG
Applications

Single-Cell Li+ Powered Portables
Self-Charging Battery Packs
PDAs
Cell Phones
Cradle Chargers
MAX1898
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN= 8V, VBATT= 4V, EN/OK = open, RSET = 2.8kΩ, RSTRT = GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are
at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
IN, DRV, CS, CHGto GND.....................................-0.3V to +14V
BATT, EN, ISET, RSTRT, CT to GND........................-0.3V to +6V
DRV to IN................................................................-14V to +0.3V
IN to CS Current....................................................................±2A
DRV Continuous Current..................................................±10mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
10-Pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/°C above +70°C)..........444mW
Operating Temperature Range...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)....................………..+300°C
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Supply Voltage Range4.512V
Input OK Trip Point, IN Rising
(VIN - VBATT)4570100mV
Input OK Trip Point, IN Falling
(VIN - VBATT)305585mV
VIN Input OK Trip Point, IN Rising4.04.254.5V
VIN Input OK Trip Point, IN Falling3.94.154.4V
EN/OK Sink Current (When Input
Power Not OK)
VIN = 3.9V, VBATT = 4V,
VEN/OK = 0.8V100µA
EN/OK Source Current (When
Input Power OK)VEN/OK = 2V51020µA
EN/OK Logic Input High4.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 12V2V
EN/OK Logic Input Low4.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 12V0.6V
Done, RSTRT = GND, VBATT = 4.1V for
MAX1898EUB42 and 4.0V for MAX1898EUB4140100
Done, RSTRT = open, VBATT = 4.1V for
MAX1898EUB42 and 4.0V for MAX1898EUB41410
EN/OK = GND410
BATT Input Current
VIN = 4V310
VIN = VBATT = 4V (IIN + ICS)210µAIN, CS Input CurrentVIN = 12V, (IIN + ICS), done, RSTRT = open25mA
VOLTAGE LOOP

MAX1898EUB424.1684.24.232Voltage-Loop Set PointMAX1898EUB414.0694.14.131V
Voltage-Loop GainΔVDRV/ΔVBATT51dB
MAX1898EUB422.3942.5202.646VBATT Prequal Voltage ThresholdTimers runningMAX1898EUB412.3372.4602.583V
DRV Sink CurrentVDRV = VIN - 1V, VBATT = 3.5V4mA
DRV Output Resistance470Ω
MAX1898
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= 8V, VBATT= 4V, EN/OK = open, RSET = 2.8kΩ, RSTRT = GND, TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are
at TA= +25°C.)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS

Maximum Voltage (VIN - VDRV)VBATT = 3.5V3.57V
VBATT Restart Threshold (As a
Percentage of Voltage-Loop Set
Point)
RSTRT = GND9295.2598%
RSTRT Internal Resistance100kΩ
CURRENT LOOP

Internal Current-Sense ResistanceIN to CS pin-to-pin resistance50105200mΩ
RMS Charge Current1.4A
Current-Sense Amplifier Gain, ISET
to IIN Fast ChargeICS = 500mA, VSET = 1.4V0.9511.05mA/A
Current-Sense Amplifier Gain, ISET
to IIN Prequal
ICS = 50mA, VISET = 0.14V,
VBATT = 2V0.7311.30mA/A
Current-Loop Regulation Set PointRSET = 2.8kΩ, VBATT = 3.5V, closed-loop
performance450500550mA
Current-Loop GainΔVDRV/ΔVISET26dB
ILOAD falling, RSET = 2.8kΩ152025CHG Trip Threshold (As a
Percentage of Full Load Current)ILOAD rising, RSET = 2.8kΩ172227%
TIMER FUNCTION

Timer Source/Sink CurrentVCT = 0.9V5µA
Timer AccuracyCCT = 100nF for 2 hours, 54 minutes nominal-10+10%
CHG Output Low CurrentV CHG = 1V456mA
CHG Output High LeakageV CHG = 12V1µA
CHG Blink RateFault state (50% duty cycle), CT = 100nF11.52Hz
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN= 8V, VBATT= 4V, EN/OK = open, RSET = 2.8kΩ, RSTRT = GND, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINMAXUNITS

Supply Voltage Range4.512V
Input OK Trip Point, IN Rising
(VIN - VBATT)45100mV
Input OK Trip Point, IN Falling
(VIN - VBATT)3085mV
VIN Input OK Trip Point, IN Rising4.04.5V
VIN Input OK Trip Point, IN Falling3.94.4V
EN/OK Sink Current (When Input
Power Not OK)VIN = 3.9V, VBATT = 4V, VEN/OK = 0.8V100µA
EN/OK Source Current (When Input
Power OK)VEN/OK = 2V520µA
EN/OK Logic Input High4.5V ≤ VIN ≤12V2V
EN/OK Logic Input Low4.5V ≤ VIN ≤12V0.6V
MAX1898
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery
Note 1:
Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and not production tested.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= 8V, VBATT= 4V, EN/OK = open, RSET = 2.8kΩ, RSTRT = GND, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINMAXUNITS

Done, RSTRT = GND, VBATT = 4.1V for
MAX1898EUB42 and 4.0V for MAX1898EUB41100
Done, RSTRT = open, VBATT = 4.1V for
MAX1898EUB42 and 4.0V for MAX1898EUB4110
EN/OK = GND10
BATT Input Current
VIN = 4V10
VIN = VBATT = 4V (IIN + ICS)10µAIN, CS Input CurrentVIN = 12V, (IIN + ICS), done, RSTRT = open5mA
VOLTAGE LOOP

MAX1898EUB424.1374.263Voltage-Loop Set PointMAX1898EUB414.0384.162V
MAX1898EUB422.3942.646VBATT Prequal Voltage ThresholdTimers runningMAX1898EUB412.3372.583V
DRV Sink CurrentVDRV = VIN - 1V, VBATT = 3.5V3.5mA
Maximum Voltage (VIN - VDRV)VBATT = 3.5V37V
VBATT Restart Threshold (As a
Percentage of Voltage-Loop Set
Point)
RSTRT = GND9298%
CURRENT LOOP

Internal Current-Sense ResistanceIN to CS pin-to-pin resistance50200mΩ
RMS Charge Current1.4A
Current-Sense Amplifier Gain, ISET
to IIN Fast ChargeICS = 500mA, VSET = 1.4V0.931.07mA/A
Current-Sense Amplifier Gain, ISET
to IIN Prequal
ICS = 50mA, VISET = 0.14V,
VBATT = 2V0.61.50mA/A
Current-Loop Regulation Set PointRSET = 2.8kΩ, VBATT = 3.5V, closed-loop
performance440560mA
ILOAD falling, RSET = 2.8kΩ1525CHG Trip Threshold (As a
Percentage of Full Load Current)ILOAD rising, RSET = 2.8kΩ1727%
Timer AccuracyCCT = 100nF for 2 hours, 54 minutes nominal-13+13%
CHG Output Low CurrentV CHG = 1V3.57mA
CHG Output High LeakageV CHG = 12V1µA
CHG Blink RateFault state (50% duty cycle), CT = 100nF12Hz
MAX1898
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery

NORMALIZED TIMER PERIOD
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1898 toc01
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TIMER PERIOD-153560
NORMALIZED TO +25°C
NORMALIZED BATT REGULATION
VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1898 toc02
TEMPERATURE (°C)
BATT REGULATION VOLTAGE-153560
NORMALIZED TO +25°C
PRECHARGE CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX1898 toc03
VIN (V)
PRECHARGE CURRENT (mA)967101112
ISET = 2.8kΩ
CHARGING CURRENT SET
FOR 500mA
NORMALIZED BATTERY CURRENT
vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE
MAX1898 toc04
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
NORMALIZED BATTERY CURRENT
VOLTAGE-LOOP GAIN
MAX1898 toc05
FREQUENCY (kHz)
GAIN (dB)
PHASE (deg.)
GAINPHASE
Typical Operating Characteristics

(VIN= 5V, VBATT= 4V, EN/OK = open, RSET = 2.8kΩ, RSTRT = GND, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1898
Detailed Description

The MAX1898 forms a complete charger for 1-cell Li+
batteries. It includes precision voltage control (±0.75%)
to optimize both cell performance and cycle life.
Factory-set 4.2V (MAX1898EUB42) and 4.1V
(MAX1898EUB41) versions charge all common Li+
chemistries. Externally selectable charge current is
sensed internally, eliminating the need for a current-
sense resistor. The charger also supplies outputs that
indicate charge status (CHG), the presence of input
power (EN/OK), and charge-current magnitude (ISET).
Other features include a shutdown control input
(EN/OK), selectable threshold for charge-cycle restart
without cycling input power (RSTRT), and a selectable
charge termination safety timer. See Figure 1.
The MAX1898 initiates fast charge when any of these
conditions are met (see Figure 6):An external power source is connected AND the cell
voltage is above 2.5V.The cell voltage falls to the restart threshold, 4.0V in
the MAX1898EUB42, or 3.9V for the MAX1898EUB41.The IC is reset by driving the EN/OK pin low and
then high again.The prequalification cycle ends with the cell reaching
2.5V.
Li+ cells can be damaged when fast-charged from a
completely dead state. A fully discharged cell may indi-
cate an abnormal cell condition. As a built-in safety fea-
ture, the MAX1898 prequalifies the cell with 10 percent
of the user-programmed fast-charge current at the start
of a charge cycle. When the cell voltage rises to 2.5V,
the MAX1898 begins fast-charging.
Current-Limit Mode

The MAX1898 regulates charging current by linearly
controlling an external PMOS or PNP transistor. The
maximum charging current is programmed by an exter-
nal RSET resistor connected from ISET to GND. Select
the RSET value based on the following formula:
where:
IFASTCHGis in amps and RSET is in ohms.
The ISET pin may also be used to monitor the actual
charging current at any time. The output current fromVFASTCHG
SET=1400
Linear Charger for Single-Cell Li+ Battery
Pin Description
PINNAMEFUNCTION
INSense Input. Detects power source; positive side of internal current-sense resistor.CHGOpen-Drain LED Driver. See Table 1 for CHG output states.EN/OK
Logic-Level Enable Input and Input Power OK Output. Hold low to disable charger. Float for normal
operation, drive with an open-drain device to utilize both pin functions, or connect through 10kΩ for logic-
controlled ON/OFF. See the EN/OK (EN Input, OK Output) section for details.ISET
ISET serves two functions. It provides an analog output proportional to the actual charge current. Output
current from ISET is 1mA per amp of battery charging current. The charging current is set by connecting a
resistor from ISET to ground. See the Current-Limit Mode section.
5CTSafety Charge Timer Control. Connect timer capacitor to program safety time-out interval; 100nF for
approximately three hours. Connect to GND to disable the timer function.RSTRT
Automatic-Restart Control Pin. When tied to GND, a new charging cycle starts if the cell drops 200mV below
the battery regulation threshold. The restart threshold may be lowered by connecting a resistor from RSTRT
to ground. See the Reinitiating a Charging Cycle section. Automatic restart is disabled when RSTRT is
unconnected or when CT is grounded (timer disabled).BATTBattery Sense Input. Positive terminal of single Li+ cell.GNDGroundDRVExternal Transistor Driver. This pin drives the gate/base of an external PMOS/PNP pass transistor.CSCurrent-Sense Input. Negative side of internal current-sense resistor. Connect to source/emitter of
PMOS/PNP pass transistor.
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